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Social norms as a barrier to women's employment in developing countries

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Cited by:

  1. Sedai, Ashish Kumar, 2021. "Who Benefits from Piped Water in the House? Empirical Evidence from a Gendered Analysis in India," ADBI Working Papers 1273, Asian Development Bank Institute.
  2. Catherine Bros & Véronique Gille & François Maniquet, 2023. "Female labour, status and decision power," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 90(358), pages 453-476, April.
  3. Finlay, Jocelyn E., 2021. "Women’s reproductive health and economic activity: A narrative review," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
  4. Das, Sumit Kumar & Mishra, Udaya S. & Das, Milan & Das, Pritilata, 2022. "Perceptions of gender norms and sex-typed cognitive abilities among Indian adolescents – A study of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
  5. Pieters, Janneke & Klasen, Stephan, 2020. "Randomization for women’s economic empowerment? Lessons and limitations of randomized experiments," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
  6. Kumar, Rahul & Maity, Bipasha, 2022. "Cultural norms and women’s health: Implications of the practice of menstrual restrictions in Nepal," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
  7. Munyanyi, Musharavati Ephraim & Awaworyi Churchill, Sefa, 2022. "Foreign aid and energy poverty: Sub-national evidence from Senegal," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
  8. BILAN Yuriy & OMRAN Emad Attia Mohamed & BILAN Yuriy & OMRAN Emad Attia Mohamed, 2012. "Female Labour Force Participation and the Economic Development in Egypt," European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Bucharest Economic Academy, issue 01, March.
  9. Devoto,Florencia & Emanuela Galasso & Kathleen G. Beegle & Stefanie Brodmann, 2024. "Women at Work : Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Urban Djibouti," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10906, The World Bank.
  10. Diego Javier Ubfal, 2023. "What Works in Supporting Women-led Businesses?," World Bank Publications - Reports 38564, The World Bank Group.
  11. Alison Andrew & Sonya Krutikova & Gabriela Smarrelli & Hemlata Verma, 2022. "Gender norms, violence and adolescent girls' trajectories: evidence from a field experiment in India," Economics Series Working Papers 984, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
  12. Zhongwu Li, 2023. "Does intrahousehold bargaining power enhance women's marital satisfaction? A perspective from two competing forces in China," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(1), pages 476-498, February.
  13. Alison Andrew & Orazio Attanasio & Britta Augsburg & Jere Behrman & Monimalika Day & Pamela Jervis & Costas Meghir & Angus Phimister, 2024. "Mothers’ Social Networks and Socioeconomic Gradients of Isolation," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 73(1), pages 487-522.
  14. Suanna Oh, 2023. "Does Identity Affect Labor Supply?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 113(8), pages 2055-2083, August.
  15. Dincecco, Mark & Fenske, James & Gupta, Bishnupriya & Menon, Anil, 2024. "Conflict and Gender Norms," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 704, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
  16. Eileen Nchanji & Patricia Acheampong & Siri Bella Ngoh & Victor Nyamolo & Lutomia Cosmas, 2024. "Comparative analysis of youth transition in bean production systems in Ghana and Cameroon," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-13, December.
  17. Saudi‐Yulieth Enciso‐Alfaro & Salma Marhroub & Pedro‐José Martínez‐Córdoba & Isabel‐María García‐Sánchez, 2024. "The effect of COVID‐19 on employment: A bibliometric review of a she‐cession," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(4), pages 3444-3467, July.
  18. Emanuela Ghignoni & Francesco Pastore, 2023. "The gender wage gap in Egypt: public versus private sector," International Journal of Manpower, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 44(8), pages 1511-1534, May.
  19. Cavapozzi, Danilo & Francesconi, Marco & Nicoletti, Cheti, 2021. "The impact of gender role norms on mothers’ labor supply," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 113-134.
  20. Bhalotra, Sonia & Clarke, Damian & Walther, Selma, 2022. "Women's Careers and Family Formation," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1120, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
  21. Talamas Marcos, Miguel Ángel, 2023. "Grandmothers and the gender gap in the Mexican labor market," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
  22. Benjamin W. Arold & Ludger Woessmann & Larissa Zierow, 2022. "Can Schools Change Religious Attitudes? Evidence from German State Reforms of Compulsory Religious Education," CESifo Working Paper Series 9504, CESifo.
  23. Soma Wadhwa & Devutty Retnakaran, 2020. "Barriers and Enablers to Women’s Participation in the Workforce: A Case Study from India," Review of Market Integration, India Development Foundation, vol. 12(3), pages 114-138, December.
  24. Saheli Bose, 2023. "The penalty of work from home: gender gap in productivity of unorganised manufacturing firms in India," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 60(1), pages 351-369, January.
  25. Zoë Cullen & Ricardo Perez-Truglia, 2023. "The Old Boys' Club: Schmoozing and the Gender Gap," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 113(7), pages 1703-1740, July.
  26. Assefa, Thomas W. & Magnan, Nicholas & McCullough, Ellen & McGavock, Tamara, 2022. "Stifled by Stigma? Experimental Effects of Updating Husbands’ Beliefs on Participation in Women’s Household Work," 2022 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, Anaheim, California 322470, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
  27. Gazeaud, Jules & Khan, Nausheen & Mvukiyehe, Eric & Sterck, Olivier, 2023. "With or without him? Experimental evidence on cash grants and gender-sensitive trainings in Tunisia," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
  28. Feeny, Simon & Mishra, Ankita & Trinh, Trong-Anh & Ye, Longfeng & Zhu, Anna, 2021. "Early-Life exposure to rainfall shocks and gender gaps in employment: Findings from Vietnam," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 533-554.
  29. Indrani Gupta & Arjun Roy, 2023. "What really empowers women? Taking another look at economic empowerment," Journal of Social and Economic Development, Springer;Institute for Social and Economic Change, vol. 25(1), pages 17-31, June.
  30. Elijah Kipkech Kipchumba & Catherine Porter & Danila Serra & Munshi Sulaiman, 2021. "Infuencing youths' aspirations and gender attitudes through role models: Evidence from Somali schools," Working Papers 20210224-002, Texas A&M University, Department of Economics.
  31. Bin Xu, 2022. "How to Efficiently Reduce the Carbon Intensity of the Heavy Industry in China? Using Quantile Regression Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-24, October.
  32. Subarna Banerjee & Gitanjali Sen, 2024. "Persistent effects of a conditional cash transfer: a case of empowering women through Kanyashree in India," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 37(4), pages 1-38, December.
  33. Alison Andrew & Andrea Smurra, 2024. "Seclusion and women's time: Descriptive evidence from India," IFS Working Papers W24/39, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
  34. Lata Gangadharan & Tarun Jain & Pushkar Maitra & Joe Vecci, 2022. "Lab-in-the-field experiments: perspectives from research on gender," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 73(1), pages 31-59, January.
  35. BenYishay, Ariel & Jones, Maria & Kondylis, Florence & Mobarak, Ahmed Mushfiq, 2020. "Gender gaps in technology diffusion," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
  36. World Bank Group, 2024. "Leveraging Social and Behavior Change Communication (SBCC) to Transform Gender Attitudes and Norms in Mashreq Countries," World Bank Publications - Reports 41747, The World Bank Group.
  37. Deshpande, Ashwini & Singh, Jitendra, 2021. "Dropping Out, Being Pushed Out or Can’t Get in? Decoding Declining Labour Force Participation of Indian Women," IZA Discussion Papers 14639, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  38. Caroline Krafft & Ragui Assaad & Isabel Pastoor, 2024. "How Do Gender Norms Shape Education and Domestic Work Outcomes? The Case of Syrian Refugee Adolescents in Jordan," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 60(12), pages 1964-1993, December.
  39. Samina Akhtar & Maryam Ishaq, 2023. "Economic and Social Dimensions of Gender Equality Perceptions: A Case Study of Pakistan," Journal of Economic Impact, Science Impact Publishers, vol. 5(3), pages 306-316.
  40. Laura Boudreau & Sylvain Chassang & Ada González-Torre & Rachel Heath, 2023. "Monitoring Harassment in Organizations," Working Papers 2022-19, Princeton University. Economics Department..
  41. Eger, Claudia & Fetzer, Thiemo & Peck, Jennifer & Alodayni, Saleh, 2022. "Organizational, economic or cultural? Firm-side barriers to employing women in Saudi Arabia," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
  42. Andreas Backhaus & Elke Loichinger, 2022. "Female Labor Force Participation in Sub‐Saharan Africa: A Cohort Analysis," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 48(2), pages 379-411, June.
  43. Zhu, Mengbing & Xing, Chunbing & Li, Yi, 2023. "Husbands' wages and married women's labor supply in urban China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
  44. Miguel A. Mascarúa Lara, 2024. "Differences in the labor market by gender and aggregate income," Working Papers 2024-05, Banco de México.
  45. Miguel Angel, 2023. "Differences in the labor market by gender and aggregate income," Sobre México. Revista de Economía, Sobre México. Temas en economía, vol. 1(7), pages 84-114.
  46. Carlotta Nani, 2024. "Perceived abilities and gender stereotypes within the household: experimental evidence from Bangladesh," IHEID Working Papers 19-2024, Economics Section, The Graduate Institute of International Studies.
  47. Asiimire Donath & Gertrude Fester & Medard Twinamatsiko & Benard Nuwatuhaire, 2021. "Women’s employment and the changing family pattern in Ankole Sub-region- Uganda," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 5(12), pages 323-335, December.
  48. Ulugbek Aminjonov & Olivier Bargain & Maira Colacce & Luca Tiberti, 2022. "Culture, Intra-household Distribution and Individual Poverty," Working Papers - Economics wp2022_21.rdf, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa.
  49. Rachel Cassidy & Anaya Dam & Wendy Janssens & Umair Kiani & Karlijn Morsink, 2024. "Targeting men, women or both to reduce child marriage," IFS Working Papers W24/23, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
  50. Christensen, Peter & Osman, Adam, 2021. "The Demand for Mobility: Evidence from an Experiment with Uber Riders," IZA Discussion Papers 14179, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  51. Bredtmann, Julia & Otten, Sebastian, 2025. "Natives’ gender norms and the labor market integration of female immigrants," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
  52. Punarjit Roychowdhury & Gaurav Dhamija, 2024. "Educational hypogamy and female employment in rural India," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 67(6), pages 2893-2931, December.
  53. Derick T. Adu & Elisha K. Denkyirah & Onyedikachi E. Chike & Florence Muhoza, 2024. "Effect of Economic Freedom on Women’s Empowerment: Empirical Evidence from Developing Countries," Journal of Private Enterprise, The Association of Private Enterprise Education, vol. 39(Winter 20), pages 27-42.
  54. Hu, Jiayin & Wang, Xuan & Yang, Qingxu & Yi, Junjian, 2024. "Gender disparities in the labor market during COVID-19 lockdowns: Evidence from online job postings and applications in China," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 223(C), pages 199-215.
  55. Ryo Takahashi, 2022. "Gender differences in tolerance for women's opinions and the role of social norms," Working Papers 2123, Waseda University, Faculty of Political Science and Economics.
  56. Aomar Ibourk & Zakaria Elouaourti, 2023. "Revitalizing Women's Labor Force Participation in North Africa: An Exploration of Novel Empowerment Pathways," International Economic Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(3), pages 462-484, July.
  57. Ana María Muñoz Boudet & Tasmia Rahman & Nour Nasr & Abigail Dalton, 2023. "Addressing Social and Gender Norms to Promote Gender Equality," World Bank Publications - Reports 39992, The World Bank Group.
  58. Choi, Seonkyung & Li, Huihui & Ogawa, Keiichi, 2023. "Upper secondary vocational education and decent work in Indonesia: A gender comparison," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
  59. Lo Bue, Maria C. & Le, Tu Thi Ngoc & Santos Silva, Manuel & Sen, Kunal, 2022. "Gender and vulnerable employment in the developing world: Evidence from global microdata," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
  60. Avinash Ghalke & Arunima Haldar & Satish Kumar, 2023. "Family firm ownership and its impact on performance: evidence from an emerging market," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 493-512, February.
  61. Gupta, Tanu & Negi, Digvijay, 2021. "Daughter Vs. Daughter-in-Law: Kinship Roles and Women’s Time Use in India," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315021, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
  62. Rivera-Garrido, Noelia, 2022. "Can education reduce traditional gender role attitudes?," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
  63. Ghada Barsoum & Bruno Crépon & Drew Gardiner & Bastien Michel & William Parienté, 2022. "Evaluating the Impact of Entrepreneurship Edutainment in Egypt: An Experimental Approach," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 89(353), pages 82-109, January.
  64. Sedai, Ashish Kumar & Vasudevan, Ramaa & Pena, Anita Alves & Miller, Ray, 2021. "Does reliable electrification reduce gender differences? Evidence from India," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 580-601.
  65. Siwan Anderson, 2022. "Unbundling female empowerment," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 55(4), pages 1671-1701, November.
  66. Joseph Keneck‐Massil & Iliassou Nkariepoun‐Njoya & Bernard Clery Nomo‐Beyala, 2024. "Does women's political empowerment matter in military spending?," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 77(2), pages 316-350, May.
  67. BILAN Yuriy & OMRAN Emad Attia Mohamed, 2022. "Female Labour Force Participation and the Economic Development in Egypt," European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Bucharest Economic Academy, issue 01, March.
  68. Padilla-Romo, María & Peluffo, Cecilia & Viollaz, Mariana, 2025. "Parents’ effective time endowment and divorce: Evidence from extended school days," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
  69. El Mekkaoui,Najat & Loukili,Sara & Fourouheshfar,Yeganeh & Eissa,Nada Omer, 2024. "For Labor or for Divorce ? Unilateral Divorce Laws and Women’s Labor Outcomes," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10661, The World Bank.
  70. Claudia Martínez V. & Rubén Poblete-Cazenave, 2024. "Holi Crimes," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 24-041/V, Tinbergen Institute.
  71. Wei Si, 2022. "Higher education expansion and gender norms: evidence from China," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 35(4), pages 1821-1858, October.
  72. Monira Essa Aloud & Sara Al-Rashood & Ina Ganguli & Basit Zafar, 2020. "Information and Social Norms: Experimental Evidence on the Labor Market Aspirations of Saudi Women," NBER Working Papers 26693, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  73. Bargain, Olivier B. & Loper, Jordan & Ziparo, Roberta, 2022. "Traditional Norms, Access to Divorce and Women's Empowerment," IZA Discussion Papers 15374, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  74. World Bank, 2021. "Promoting Women Entrepreneurs in Mexico Report," World Bank Publications - Reports 37323, The World Bank Group.
  75. Singhal, Karan & Sierminska, Eva, 2024. "Inequality in the Economics Profession," IZA Discussion Papers 17584, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  76. Isis Gaddis & Rahul Lahoti & Hema Swaminathan, 2022. "Women's Legal Rights and Gender Gaps in Property Ownership in Developing Countries," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 48(2), pages 331-377, June.
  77. S Anukriti & Catalina Herrera-Almanza & Mahesh Karra & Praveen Kumar Pathak, 2020. "Curse of the Mummy-ji: The Influence of Mothers-in-Law on Women in India," Boston University - Department of Economics - The Institute for Economic Development Working Papers Series dp-337, Boston University - Department of Economics.
  78. Smita Das & Clara Delavallade & Ayodele Fashogbon & Wale Olatunji Ogunleye & Sreelakshmi Papineni, 2023. "Occupational sex segregation in agriculture: Evidence on gender norms and socio‐emotional skills in Nigeria," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 54(2), pages 179-219, March.
  79. Menzel, Andreas & Woodruff, Christopher, 2021. "Gender wage gaps and worker mobility: Evidence from the garment sector in Bangladesh," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
  80. Bahrami-Rad, Duman, 2021. "Keeping it in the family: Female inheritance, inmarriage, and the status of women," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
  81. Cledwyn Fernandez & Shabana Mitra & Anjhana Ramesh & Havishaye Puri, 2024. "The States' Narrative on Women's Work in India," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER) Policy Paper 32, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi, India.
  82. Raj, Anita & Dey, Arnab & Rao, Namratha & Yore, Jennifer & McDougal, Lotus & Bhan, Nandita & Silverman, Jay G. & Hay, Katherine & Thomas, Edwin E. & Fotso, Jean Christophe & Lundgren, Rebecka, 2024. "The EMERGE framework to measure empowerment for health and development," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 351(S1).
  83. Sedai, Ashish Kumar & Vasudevan, Ramaa & Alves Pena, Anita, 2021. "Friends and benefits? Endogenous rotating savings and credit associations as alternative for women’s empowerment in India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
  84. Youssouf Merouani & Faustine Perrin, 2022. "Gender and the long-run development process. A survey of the literature [Rethinking age heaping: A cautionary tale from nineteenth-century Italy]," European Review of Economic History, European Historical Economics Society, vol. 26(4), pages 612-641.
  85. Sarma, Nayantara, 2022. "Domestic violence and workfare: An evaluation of India’s MGNREGS," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
  86. Hoehn-Velasco, Lauren & Penglase, Jacob, 2021. "Does unilateral divorce impact women’s labor supply? Evidence from Mexico," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 315-347.
  87. Bansal, Sanchita & Nangia, Priya & Singh, Shifali & Cichoń, Dariusz, 2024. "Where's our share: Agenda for gender representation in mining industry," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
  88. Ashwini Deshpande & Jitendra Singh, 2021. "Dropping Out, Being Pushed out or Can't Get In? Decoding Declining Labour Force Participation of Indian Women," Working Papers 65, Ashoka University, Department of Economics.
  89. Ana María Iregui-Bohórquez & Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra & María Teresa Ramírez-Giraldo & Ana María Tribín-Uribe, 2020. "The path to gender equality in Colombia: Are we there yet?," Borradores de Economia 1131, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  90. Bellani, Luna & Biswas, Kumar & Fehrler, Sebastian & Marx, Paul & Sabarwal, Shwetlena & Al-Zayed Josh, Syed Rashed, 2023. "Social Norms and Female Labor Force Participation in Bangladesh: The Role of Social Expectations and Reference Networks," IZA Discussion Papers 16006, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  91. Lin, Tse-Chun & Pursiainen, Vesa, 2023. "Gender differences in reward-based crowdfunding," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
  92. Alison Andrew & Sonya Krutikova & Gabriela Smarrelli & Hemlata Verma, 2022. "Gender norms, violence and adolescent girls’ trajectories: evidence from a field experiment in India," IFS Working Papers W22/41, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
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