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The Effect of High School Courses on Earnings
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- Robert Bozick & Alessandro Malchiodi & Trey Miller, 2016. "Premigration School Quality, Time Spent in the United States, and the Math Achievement of Immigrant High School Students," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 53(5), pages 1477-1498, October.
- Koedel, Cory & Tyhurst, Eric, 2012.
"Math skills and labor-market outcomes: Evidence from a resume-based field experiment,"
Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 131-140.
- Cory Koedel & Eric Tyhurst, 2010. "Math Skills and Labor-Market Outcomes: Evidence from a Resume-Based Field Experiment," Working Papers 1013, Department of Economics, University of Missouri, revised 31 May 2011.
- Elke Lüdemann & Guido Schwerdt, 2010. "Migration Background and Educational Tracking: Is there a Double Disadvantage for Second-Generation Immigrants?," CESifo Working Paper Series 3256, CESifo.
- Black, Sandra E. & Muller, Chandra & Spitz-Oener, Alexandra & He, Ziwei & Hung, Koit & Warren, John Robert, 2021. "The importance of STEM: High school knowledge, skills and occupations in an era of growing inequality," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(7).
- Katja Görlitz & Christina Gravert, 2018.
"The effects of a high school curriculum reform on university enrollment and the choice of college major,"
Education Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(3), pages 321-336, May.
- Görlitz, Katja & Gravert, Christina, 2015. "The Effects of a High School Curriculum Reform on University Enrollment and the Choice of College Major," IZA Discussion Papers 8983, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Görlitz, Katja & Gravert, Christina, 2015. "The effects of a high school curriculum reform on university enrollment and the choice of college major," Discussion Papers 2015/13, Free University Berlin, School of Business & Economics.
- Kalena E. Cortes & Joshua S. Goodman & Takako Nomi, 2015.
"Intensive Math Instruction and Educational Attainment: Long-Run Impacts of Double-Dose Algebra,"
Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 50(1), pages 108-158.
- KALENA CORTES & Joshua Goodman & TAKAKO NOMI, "undated". "Intensive Math Instruction and Educational Attainment: Long-Run Impacts of Double-Dose Algebra," Working Paper 95941, Harvard University OpenScholar.
- Cortes, Kalena & Goodman, Joshua & Nomi, Takako, 2013. "Intensive Math Instruction and Educational Attainment: Long-Run Impacts of Double-Dose Algebra," Working Paper Series rwp13-009, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government.
- Cortes, Kalena E. & Goodman, Joshua & Nomi, Takako, 2014. "Intensive Math Instruction and Educational Attainment: Long-Run Impacts of Double-Dose Algebra," IZA Discussion Papers 8734, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Kalena Cortes & Joshua Goodman & Takako Nomi, 2014. "Intensive Math Instruction and Educational Attainment: Long-Run Impacts of Double-Dose Algebra," NBER Working Papers 20211, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Elke Lüdemann, 2011. "Schooling and the Formation of Cognitive and Non-cognitive Outcomes," ifo Beiträge zur Wirtschaftsforschung, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, number 39.
- Han Yu & Naci Mocan, 2019. "The Impact of High School Curriculum on Confidence, Academic Success, and Mental and Physical Well-Being of University Students," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 40(4), pages 428-462, December.
- repec:bla:ecinqu:v:51:y:2013:i:3:p:1764-1778 is not listed on IDEAS
- Charles T. Clotfelter & Steven W. Hemelt & Helen F. Ladd, 2019.
"Raising the Bar for College Admission: North Carolina's Increase in Minimum Math Course Requirements,"
Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 14(3), pages 492-521, Summer.
- Charles T. Clotfelter & Steven W. Hemelt & Helen Ladd, 2016. "Raising the Bar for College Admission: North Carolina’s Increase in Minimum Math Course Requirements," NBER Working Papers 21926, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Esteban Aucejo & Jonathan James, 2021.
"The Path to College Education: The Role of Math and Verbal Skills,"
Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 129(10), pages 2905-2946.
- Esteban Aucejo & Jonathan James, 2019. "The Path to College Education: The Role of Math and Verbal Skills," Working Papers 1901, California Polytechnic State University, Department of Economics.
- Rafael Carranza & Gabriel Otero & Dante Contreras, 2020. "Spatial divisions of poverty and wealth: How much does segregation matter for educational achievement?," Working Papers 543, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.
- Hill, Andrew J., 2014. "The costs of failure: Negative externalities in high school course repetition," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 91-105.
- LEBIHAN, Laetitia & MAO TAKONGMO, Charles Olivier, 2018. "Mathematics Trajectories and Risk Factors During Childhood," MPRA Paper 88612, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Gordon B. Dahl & Dan-Olof Rooth & Anders Stenberg, 2020.
"Long-Run Returns to Field Study in Secondary School,"
CESifo Working Paper Series
8462, CESifo.
- Dahl, Gordon B. & Rooth, Dan-Olof & Stenberg, Anders, 2020. "Long-Run Returns to Field of Study in Secondary School," IZA Discussion Papers 13508, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Leping, Kristian-Olari & Toomet, Ott, 2008. "Emerging ethnic wage gap: Estonia during political and economic transition," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 599-619, December.
- Gordon Dahl & Dan-Olof Rooth & Anders Stenberg, 2020. "High School Majors, Comparative (Dis)Advantage, and Future Earnings," NBER Working Papers 27524, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Stefanie Fischer, 2016. "The Downside of Good Peers: How Classroom Composition Differentially Affects Men’s and Women’s STEM Persistence," Working Papers 1605, California Polytechnic State University, Department of Economics.
- Hall, Caroline, 2016. "Does more general education reduce the risk of future unemployment? Evidence from an expansion of vocational upper secondary education," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 251-271.
- Meta Brown & John Grigsby & Wilbert van der Klaauw & Jaya Wen & Basit Zafar, 2016.
"Financial Education and the Debt Behavior of the Young,"
The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 29(9), pages 2490-2522.
- Meta Brown & John Grigsby & Wilbert Van der Klaauw & Jaya Wen & Basit Zafar, 2013. "Financial education and the debt behavior of the young," Staff Reports 634, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
- Daniel Kreisman & Kevin Stange, 2020.
"Vocational and Career Tech Education in American High Schools: The Value of Depth Over Breadth,"
Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 15(1), pages 11-44, Winter.
- Daniel Kreisman & Kevin Stange, 2017. "Vocational and Career Tech Education in American High Schools: The Value of Depth Over Breadth," NBER Working Papers 23851, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Eric R. Eide & Mark H. Showalter, 2005. "Does Improving School Quality Reduce The Probability Of Unemployment?," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 23(4), pages 578-584, October.
- Takao Kato & Yang Song, 2022. "Advising, gender, and performance: Evidence from a university with exogenous adviser–student gender match," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 60(1), pages 121-141, January.
- Görlitz, Katja & Gravert, Christina, 2015.
"The effects of increasing the standards of the high school curriculum on school dropout,"
Discussion Papers
2015/1, Free University Berlin, School of Business & Economics.
- Görlitz, Katja & Gravert, Christina, 2015. "The Effects of Increasing the Standards of the High School Curriculum on School Dropout," IZA Discussion Papers 8766, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Haeck, Catherine & Lefebvre, Pierre & Merrigan, Philip, 2014. "The distributional impacts of a universal school reform on mathematical achievements: A natural experiment from Canada," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 137-160.
- Cecilia Speroni, "undated". "High School Dual Enrollment Programs: Are We Fast-Tracking Students Too Fast?," Mathematica Policy Research Reports ae47a4f61e47474d97003704c, Mathematica Policy Research.
- Brain, Isabel & Prieto, Joaquin, 2021. "Understanding changes in the geography of opportunity over time: the case of Santiago, Chile," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 109915, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
- Pierre Lefebvre & Philip Merrigan & Matthieu Verstraete, 2008. "The Effects of School Quality and Family Functioning on Youth Math Scores: a Canadian Longitudinal Analysis," Cahiers de recherche 0822, CIRPEE.
- Berlingieri, Francesco & Zierahn, Ulrich, 2014. "Field of study, qualification mismatch, and wages: Does sorting matter?," ZEW Discussion Papers 14-076, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
- Popov, Sergey V. & Bernhardt, Dan, 2010. "University Competition, Grading Standards and Grade Inflation," MPRA Paper 26461, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Mahdi Gholami & Samuel Muehlemann, 2024. "Pathways to Prosperity: The Roles of Cognitive and Non-Cognitive Skills in Employer Quality and Early Career Earnings," Economics of Education Working Paper Series 0212, University of Zurich, Department of Business Administration (IBW), revised Dec 2024.
- Joseph J. Sabia, 2010. "Wastin’ Away In Margaritaville? New Evidence On The Academic Effects Of Teenage Binge Drinking," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 28(1), pages 1-22, January.
- Natasha N. Ramsay-Jordan, 2020. "Hidden Figures: How Pecuniary Influences Help Shape STEM Experiences for Black Students in Grades K-12," Journal of Economics, Race, and Policy, Springer, vol. 3(3), pages 180-194, September.
- repec:mpr:mprres:7288 is not listed on IDEAS
- Jia, Ning, 2021. "Do stricter high school math requirements raise college STEM attainment?," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
- Kato, Takao & Song, Yang, 2018. "An Advisor like Me: Does Gender Matter?," IZA Discussion Papers 11575, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Lenka Fiala & John Eric Humphries & Juanna Schrøter Joensen & Uditi Karna & John A. List & Gregory F. Veramendi, 2022.
"How Early Adolescent Skills and Preferences Shape Economics Education Choices,"
AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, vol. 112, pages 609-613, May.
- Lenka Fiala & John Eric Humphries & Juanna Joensen & Uditi Karna & John List & Gregory Veramendi, 2022. "How Early Adolescent Skills and Preferences Shape Economics Education Choices," Framed Field Experiments 00745, The Field Experiments Website.
- Joshua Goodman, 2019.
"The Labor of Division: Returns to Compulsory High School Math Coursework,"
Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 37(4), pages 1141-1182.
- Joshua Goodman, 2017. "The Labor of Division: Returns to Compulsory High School Math Coursework," NBER Working Papers 23063, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Joshua Goodman, 2017. "The Labor of Division: Returns to Compulsory High School Math Coursework," Working Paper 95966, Harvard University OpenScholar.
- Goodman, Joshua, 2017. "The Labor of Division: Returns to Compulsory High School Math Coursework," Working Paper Series rwp17-004, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government.
- Marta De Philippis, 2023.
"STEM Graduates and Secondary School Curriculum: Does Early Exposure to Science Matter?,"
Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 58(6), pages 1914-1947.
- Marta De Philippis, 2016. "STEM graduates and secondary school curriculum: does early exposure to science matter?," CEP Discussion Papers dp1443, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
- Marta De Philippis, 2017. "STEM graduates and secondary school curriculum: does early exposure to science matter?," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 1107, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
- De Philippis, Marta, 2016. "STEM graduates and secondary school curriculum: does early exposure to science matter?," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 67679, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
- Costa-Font, Joan & García-Hombrados, Jorge & Nicińska, Anna, 2024.
"Long-lasting effects of indoctrination in school: Evidence from the People’s Republic of Poland,"
European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
- Costa-Font, Joan & García Hombrados, Jorge & Nicińska, Anna, 2024. "Long-lasting effects of indoctrination in school: evidence from the People's Republic of Poland," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 120407, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
- Roychowdhury, Punarjit, 2021. "(Em)Powered by Science? Estimating the Relative Labor Market Returns to Majoring in Science in High School in India," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
- Juanna Schrøter Joensen & Helena Skyt Nielsen, 2009.
"Is there a Causal Effect of High School Math on Labor Market Outcomes?,"
Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 44(1).
- Joensen, Juanna Schrøter & Nielsen, Helena Skyt, 2006. "Is there a Causal Effect of High School Math on Labor Market Outcomes?," IZA Discussion Papers 2357, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Juanna Schrøter Joensen & Helena Skyt Nielsen, 2006. "Is there a Causal Effect of High School Math on Labor Market Outcomes?," Economics Working Papers 2006-11, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University.
- Albarran, Pedro & Battaglia, Marianna & Sartarelli, Marcello, 2022. "The psychological effect of a math signal," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
- Will Dobbie & Roland G. Fryer, Jr., 2011. "Exam High Schools and Academic Achievement: Evidence from New York City," NBER Working Papers 17286, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Esteban Aucejo & Jonathan James, 2016. "The Path to College Education: Are Verbal Skills More Important than Math Skills?," Working Papers 1602, California Polytechnic State University, Department of Economics.
- Carolyn J. Heinrich & Huiping Cheng, 2022. "Does Online Credit Recovery in High School Support or Stymie Later Labor Market Success?," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(4), pages 984-1011, September.
- Goodman, Joshua Samuel, 2012.
"The Labor of Division: Returns to Compulsory Math Coursework,"
Scholarly Articles
9403178, Harvard Kennedy School of Government.
- Goodman, Joshua, 2012. "The Labor of Division: Returns to Compulsory Math Coursework," Working Paper Series rwp12-032, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government.
- Joan Costa-i-Font & Jorge García-Hombrados & Anna Nicińska, 2020.
"Long-Lasting Effects of Communist Indoctrination in School: Evidence from Poland,"
CESifo Working Paper Series
8766, CESifo.
- Costa-Font, Joan & Garcia-Hombrados, Jorge & Nici?ska, Anna, 2020. "Long-Lasting Effects of Communist Indoctrination in School: Evidence from Poland," IZA Discussion Papers 13944, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Cornwell, Christopher & Lee, Kyung Hee & Mustard, David B., 2006. "The Effects of State-Sponsored Merit Scholarships on Course Selection and Major Choice in College," IZA Discussion Papers 1953, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Zullo, Matteo, 2022. "(No) Trade-off between numeracy and verbal reasoning development: PISA evidence from Italy's academic tracking," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
- Biewen, Martin & Schwerter, Jakob, 2019. "Does More Math in High School Increase the Share of Female STEM Workers? Evidence from a Curriculum Reform," IZA Discussion Papers 12236, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Brian Jacob & Susan Dynarski & Kenneth Frank & Barbara Schneider, 2016.
"Are Expectations Alone Enough? Estimating the Effect of a Mandatory College-Prep Curriculum in Michigan,"
NBER Working Papers
22013, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Brian A. Jacob & Susan M. Dynarski & Kenneth Frank & Barbara Schneider, 2016. "Are Expectations Alone Enough? Estimating the Effect of a Mandatory College-Prep Curriculum in Michigan," CESifo Working Paper Series 5848, CESifo.
- Motegi, H. & Nishimura, Y. & Oikawa, M., 2016.
"Retirement and Cognitive Decline: Evidence from Global Aging Data,"
Health, Econometrics and Data Group (HEDG) Working Papers
16/11, HEDG, c/o Department of Economics, University of York.
- Motegi, Hiroyuki & Nishimura, Yoshinori & Oikawa, Masato, 2017. "Retirement and Cognitive Decline: Evidence from Global Aging Data," MPRA Paper 76431, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Gurantz, Oded & Hurwitz, Michael & Smith, Jonathan, 2020. "Sibling effects on high school exam taking and performance," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 534-549.
- Andrew McEachin & Thurston Domina & Andrew Penner, 2020. "Heterogeneous Effects of Early Algebra across California Middle Schools," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(3), pages 772-800, June.
- De Groote, Olivier, 2019. "Dynamic Effort Choice in High School: Costs and Benefits of an Academic Track," TSE Working Papers 19-1002, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), revised Jun 2023.
- Marlon R. Tracey & Chanita C. Holmes & Marvin G. Powell, 2024. "Parental limit-setting decisions and adolescent subject grades," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 22(1), pages 143-171, March.
- Cory Koedel & Teerachat Techapaisarnjaroenkit, 2012.
"The Relative Performance of Head Start,"
Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 38(2), pages 251-275.
- Cory Koedel & Teerachat Techapaisarnjaroenkit, 2010. "The Relative Performance of Head Start," Working Papers 1009, Department of Economics, University of Missouri, revised 29 Jun 2011.
- Simon Briole, 2019.
"From Teacher Quality to Teaching Quality: Instructional Productivity and Teaching Practices in the US,"
Working Papers
halshs-01993616, HAL.
- Simon Briole, 2019. "From Teacher Quality to Teaching Quality: Instructional Productivity and Teaching Practices in the US," PSE Working Papers halshs-01993616, HAL.
- Hemelt, Steven W. & Lenard, Matthew A., 2020. "Math acceleration in elementary school: Access and effects on student outcomes," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
- Louis-Philippe Morin, 2013.
"Estimating the benefit of high school for universitybound students: evidence of subjectspecific human capital accumulation,"
Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 46(2), pages 441-468, May.
- Louis‐Philippe Morin, 2013. "Estimating the benefit of high school for university‐bound students: evidence of subject‐specific human capital accumulation," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 46(2), pages 441-468, May.
- Ernest Berkhout & Peter Berkhout & Dinand Webbink, 2011. "The Effects of a Dutch High School Curriculum Reform on Performance in and After Higher Education," De Economist, Springer, vol. 159(1), pages 41-61, March.
- Kristin Klopfenstein & Kit Lively, 2016. "Do Grade Weights Promote More Advanced Course-Taking?," Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 11(3), pages 310-324, Summer.
- Li, Haizheng & Liu, Qinyi & Su, Yan & Ederer, Peer, 2023. "Policy initiatives, self-sorting, and labor market effects of tertiary education for adult workers," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 205-221.
- Hamermesh, Daniel S. & Donald, Stephen G., 2008. "The effect of college curriculum on earnings: An affinity identifier for non-ignorable non-response bias," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 144(2), pages 479-491, June.
- Lisha Agarwal & Giorgio Brunello & Lorenzo Rocco, 2021.
"The Pathways to College,"
Journal of Human Capital, University of Chicago Press, vol. 15(4), pages 554-595.
- Agarwal, Lisha & Brunello, Giorgio & Rocco, Lorenzo, 2019. "The Pathways to College," IZA Discussion Papers 12691, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
- Ozkan Eren & Daniel J. Henderson, 2008.
"The impact of homework on student achievement,"
Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 11(2), pages 326-348, July.
- Eren,Ozkan & Henderson,J. Daniel, 2006. "The Impact of Homework on Student Achievement," Departmental Working Papers 0518, Southern Methodist University, Department of Economics, revised 12 May 2007.
- Aughinbaugh, Alison, 2012. "The effects of high school math curriculum on college attendance: Evidence from the NLSY97," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(6), pages 861-870.
- Berggren, Andrea & Jeppsson, Louise, 2021. "The Impact of Upper Secondary School Flexibility on Sorting and Educational Outcomes," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
- Falch, Torberg & Nyhus, Ole Henning & Strøm, Bjarne, 2014.
"Causal effects of mathematics,"
Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 174-187.
- Torberg Falch & Ole Henning Nyhus & Bjarne Strom, 2013. "Causal effects of mathematics," Working Paper Series 15013, Department of Economics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
- Zhuang Hao & Benjamin W. Cowan, 2017. "The Effects of Graduation Requirements on Risky Health Behaviors of High School Students," NBER Working Papers 23803, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Laëtitia Lebihan & Charles Olivier Mao Takongmo, 2015. "Academic achievement trajectories and risk factors during early childhood," CIRANO Working Papers 2015s-47, CIRANO.
- Cortes, Kalena E. & Goodman, Joshua Samuel & Nomi, Takako, 2015. "Intensive Math Instruction and Educational Attainment," Scholarly Articles 34298862, Harvard Kennedy School of Government.
- Matthias Sweet, 2014. "Traffic Congestion’s Economic Impacts: Evidence from US Metropolitan Regions," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 51(10), pages 2088-2110, August.
- Barber, Michael & Jones, Maggie E.C., 2021. "Inequalities in test scores between Indigenous and non-Indigenous youth in Canada," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
- Raquel Fonseca & Marie Mélanie Fontaine & Catherine Haeck, 2021. "Le lien entre les compétences en numératie et les rendements sur le marché du travail au Québec," CIRANO Project Reports 2021rp-11, CIRANO.
- Joseph J. Sabia, 2007. "Reading, Writing, And Sex: The Effect Of Losing Virginity On Academic Performance," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 45(4), pages 647-670, October.
- Dylan Conger & Mark C. Long & Patrice Iatarola, 2009. "Explaining race, poverty, and gender disparities in advanced course-taking," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(4), pages 555-576.
- Wesley E. Marshall & Eric Dumbaugh, 2020. "Revisiting the relationship between traffic congestion and the economy: a longitudinal examination of U.S. metropolitan areas," Transportation, Springer, vol. 47(1), pages 275-314, February.
- Fischer, Stefanie, 2017. "The downside of good peers: How classroom composition differentially affects men's and women's STEM persistence," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 211-226.
- Christopher Clark & Benjamin Scafidi & John R. Swinton, 2012. "Does Ap Economics Improve Student Achievement?," The American Economist, Sage Publications, vol. 57(1), pages 1-20, May.