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Optimal Location of Pump as Turbines (PATs) in Water Distribution Networks to Recover Energy and Reduce Leakage

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  • Oreste Fecarotta

    (University of Naples “Federico II”)

  • Aonghus McNabola

    (Trinity College of Dublin)

Abstract

Water distribution networks are high energy and low efficiency systems, where water pressure is frequently reduced by dissipation valves to limit leakage. The dissipation produced by the valves can be converted to energy production to increase the efficiency and reduce the energy impact of networks. If valves are replaced by turbines or pumps as turbines (PATs), they can both reduce pressure and produce energy. This study focuses on the optimal location of PATs within a water distribution network in order to both produce energy and reduce leakage. A new optimization model is developed consisting of several linear and non-linear constraints and a newly proposed objective function, where the turbine installation costs as well as the energy production and the economic saving due to the reduction of leakage can be accounted all together. The case study shows that the application of the mathematical model to a synthetic network ensures better results, in terms of both energy production and water saving, in comparison to other procedures.

Suggested Citation

  • Oreste Fecarotta & Aonghus McNabola, 2017. "Optimal Location of Pump as Turbines (PATs) in Water Distribution Networks to Recover Energy and Reduce Leakage," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(15), pages 5043-5059, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:31:y:2017:i:15:d:10.1007_s11269-017-1795-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-017-1795-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    8. Oreste Fecarotta & Costanza Aricò & Armando Carravetta & Riccardo Martino & Helena Ramos, 2015. "Hydropower Potential in Water Distribution Networks: Pressure Control by PATs," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(3), pages 699-714, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Moazeni, Faegheh & Khazaei, Javad, 2021. "Optimal energy management of water-energy networks via optimal placement of pumps-as-turbines and demand response through water storage tanks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    2. Kemi Adeyeye & John Gallagher & Helena M. Ramos & Aonghus McNabola, 2022. "The Social Return Potential of Micro Hydropower in Water Networks Based on Demonstrator Examples," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-21, September.
    3. Hamlehdar, Maryam & Yousefi, Hossein & Noorollahi, Younes & Mohammadi, Mohammad, 2022. "Energy recovery from water distribution networks using micro hydropower: A case study in Iran," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    4. Davi Edson Sales Souza & André Luiz Amarante Mesquita & Claudio José Cavalcante Blanco, 2023. "Pressure Regulation in a Water Distribution Network Using Pumps as Turbines at Variable Speed for Energy Recovery," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(3), pages 1183-1206, February.
    5. Liu, Ming & Tan, Lei & Cao, Shuliang, 2019. "Theoretical model of energy performance prediction and BEP determination for centrifugal pump as turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 712-732.
    6. Carravetta, A. & Fecarotta, O. & Ramos, H.M., 2018. "A new low-cost installation scheme of PATs for pico-hydropower to recover energy in residential areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 1003-1014.
    7. Jimmy H. Gutiérrez-Bahamondes & Daniel Mora-Melia & Bastián Valdivia-Muñoz & Fabián Silva-Aravena & Pedro L. Iglesias-Rey, 2023. "Infeasibility Maps: Application to the Optimization of the Design of Pumping Stations in Water Distribution Networks," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-16, March.
    8. Oreste Fecarotta & Armando Carravetta & Maria Cristina Morani & Roberta Padulano, 2018. "Optimal Pump Scheduling for Urban Drainage under Variable Flow Conditions," Resources, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-20, November.
    9. Manoujan, Amin Zarei & Riasi, Alireza, 2024. "Optimal selection of parallel pumps running as turbines for energy harvesting in water transmission lines considering economic parameters," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 359(C).
    10. Kostner, Michael K. & Zanfei, Ariele & Alberizzi, Jacopo C. & Renzi, Massimiliano & Righetti, Maurizio & Menapace, Andrea, 2023. "Micro hydro power generation in water distribution networks through the optimal pumps-as-turbines sizing and control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 351(C).
    11. Gabriella Balacco & Mario Binetti & Leonardo Caggiani & Michele Ottomanelli, 2021. "A Novel Distributed System of e-Vehicle Charging Stations Based on Pumps as Turbine to Support Sustainable Micromobility," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-14, February.
    12. Thomas Pirard & Vasileios Kitsikoudis & Sebastien Erpicum & Michel Pirotton & Pierre Archambeau & Benjamin Dewals, 2022. "Discharge Redistribution as a Key Process for Heuristic Optimization of Energy Production with Pumps as Turbines in a Water Distribution Network," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 36(4), pages 1237-1250, March.
    13. Maria Cristina Morani & Mariana Simão & Ignac Gazur & Rui S. Santos & Armando Carravetta & Oreste Fecarotta & Helena M. Ramos, 2022. "Pressure Drop and Energy Recovery with a New Centrifugal Micro-Turbine: Fundamentals and Application in a Real WDN," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-25, February.
    14. M. Fayzul K. Pasha & Matthew Weathers & Brennan Smith, 2020. "Investigating Energy Flow in Water-Energy Storage for Hydropower Generation in Water Distribution Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 34(5), pages 1609-1622, March.
    15. Ana Paula Pereira Silveira & Herlander Mata-Lima, 2021. "Assessing Energy Efficiency in Water Utilities Using Long-term Data Analysis," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 35(9), pages 2763-2779, July.
    16. Ávila, Carlos Andrés Macías & Sánchez-Romero, Francisco-Javier & López-Jiménez, P. Amparo & Pérez-Sánchez, Modesto, 2021. "Optimization tool to improve the management of the leakages and recovered energy in irrigation water systems," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    17. Alejandro Tapia Córdoba & Daniel Gutiérrez Reina & Pablo Millán Gata, 2019. "An Evolutionary Computational Approach for Designing Micro Hydro Power Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-25, March.

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