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Optimal energy management of water-energy networks via optimal placement of pumps-as-turbines and demand response through water storage tanks

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  • Moazeni, Faegheh
  • Khazaei, Javad

Abstract

A sustainable water infrastructure cannot be made possible without improving its energy efficiency in terms of the consumption value and the type of supplying resources. One solution to reduce the external energy requirement of the water systems is to decrease the energy consumption, while the internal energy recovery capacity is increased. Such is achieved by the present work through (1) optimizing the water demand and tanks’ and pumps’ scheduling and operations and (2) installing pumps-as-turbines (PATs) where there is excess pressure head in the water. In this paper, two optimization models are developed. The first optimization problem is designed to find the optimal number and location of the PATs among the eligible positions across a water system. The optimal solution will be incorporated in the second optimization problem, i.e., an economic dispatch problem, where the cost of energy generation of an integrated water-energy system is minimized while the water and electrical load demands, as well as the hydraulic integrity of the system are satisfied. The energy system consists of conventional power generation units aggregated of natural gas and diesel based generators, solar photovoltaic units, wind generators, and battery energy storage systems. The proposed models are verified with case studies, and the numerical results show more than 30% reduction in the daily electricity consumption of water systems and $79 in daily operating cost of energy generation in water-energy systems when 3 PATs were installed at optimal locations.

Suggested Citation

  • Moazeni, Faegheh & Khazaei, Javad, 2021. "Optimal energy management of water-energy networks via optimal placement of pumps-as-turbines and demand response through water storage tanks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:283:y:2021:i:c:s0306261920317189
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116335
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    1. Dai, Jiangyu & Wu, Shiqiang & Han, Guoyi & Weinberg, Josh & Xie, Xinghua & Wu, Xiufeng & Song, Xingqiang & Jia, Benyou & Xue, Wanyun & Yang, Qianqian, 2018. "Water-energy nexus: A review of methods and tools for macro-assessment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 393-408.
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    6. Stefanizzi, Michele & Capurso, Tommaso & Balacco, Gabriella & Binetti, Mario & Camporeale, Sergio Mario & Torresi, Marco, 2020. "Selection, control and techno-economic feasibility of Pumps as Turbines in Water Distribution Networks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1292-1306.
    7. Rossi, Mosè & Nigro, Alessandra & Renzi, Massimiliano, 2019. "Experimental and numerical assessment of a methodology for performance prediction of Pumps-as-Turbines (PaTs) operating in off-design conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C), pages 555-566.
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    1. Mariacrocetta Sambito & Stefania Piazza & Gabriele Freni, 2021. "Stochastic Approach for Optimal Positioning of Pumps As Turbines (PATs)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-12, November.
    2. Telikani, Akbar & Rossi, Mosé & Khajehali, Naghmeh & Renzi, Massimiliano, 2023. "Pumps-as-Turbines’ (PaTs) performance prediction improvement using evolutionary artificial neural networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 330(PA).
    3. Ávila, Carlos Andrés Macías & Sánchez-Romero, Francisco-Javier & López-Jiménez, P. Amparo & Pérez-Sánchez, Modesto, 2021. "Optimization tool to improve the management of the leakages and recovered energy in irrigation water systems," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    4. Stefanizzi, M. & Filannino, D. & Capurso, T. & Camporeale, S.M. & Torresi, M., 2023. "Optimal hydraulic energy harvesting strategy for PaT installation in Water Distribution Networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 344(C).
    5. Manuel Parraga & José Vuelvas & Benjamín González-Díaz & Leonardo Rodríguez-Urrego & Arturo Fajardo, 2024. "A Systematic Review of Isolated Water and Energy Microgrids: Infrastructure, Optimization of Management Strategies, and Future Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-28, June.
    6. Elsir, Mohamed & Al-Sumaiti, Ameena Saad & El Moursi, Mohamed Shawky & Al-Awami, Ali Taleb, 2023. "Coordinating the day-ahead operation scheduling for demand response and water desalination plants in smart grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 335(C).
    7. Yu, Wenjin & Zhou, Peijian & Miao, Zhouqian & Zhao, Haoru & Mou, Jiegang & Zhou, Wenqiang, 2024. "Energy performance prediction of pump as turbine (PAT) based on PIWOA-BP neural network," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    8. Maxime Binama & Kan Kan & Hui-Xiang Chen & Yuan Zheng & Da-Qing Zhou & Wen-Tao Su & Xin-Feng Ge & Janvier Ndayizigiye, 2021. "A Numerical Investigation into the PAT Hydrodynamic Response to Impeller Rotational Speed Variation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-22, July.
    9. Sharma, Santosh & Li, Qifeng, 2024. "Decentralized optimization of energy-water nexus based on a mixed-integer boundary compatible algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 359(C).
    10. Linghua Kong & Jingwei Cao & Xiangyang Li & Xulei Zhou & Haihong Hu & Tao Wang & Shuxin Gui & Wenfa Lai & Zhongfeng Zhu & Zhengwei Wang & Yan Liu, 2022. "Numerical Analysis on the Hydraulic Thrust and Dynamic Response Characteristics of a Turbine Pump," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, February.

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