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Hydropower Potential in Water Distribution Networks: Pressure Control by PATs

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  • Oreste Fecarotta
  • Costanza Aricò
  • Armando Carravetta
  • Riccardo Martino
  • Helena Ramos

Abstract

Pressure control is one of the main techniques to control leakages in Water Distribution Networks (WDNs) and to prevent pipe damage, improving the delivery standards of a water supply systems. Pressure reducing stations (PRSs) equipped by either pressure reducing valves or motor driven regulating valves are commonly used to dissipate excess hydraulic head in WDNs. An integrated new technical solution with economic and system flexibility benefits is presented which replaces PRSs with pumps used as turbines (PATs). Optimal PAT performance is obtained by a Variable Operating Strategy (VOS), recently developed for the design of small hydropower plants on the basis of valve time operation, and net return determined by both energy production and savings through minimizing leakage. The literature values of both leakages costs and energy tariffs are used to develop a buisness plan model and evaluate the economic benefit of small hydropower plants equipped with PATs. The study shows that the hydropower installation produces interesting economic benefits, even in presence of small available power, that could encourage the leakage reduction even if water savings are not economically relevant, with consequent environmental benefits. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015

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  • Oreste Fecarotta & Costanza Aricò & Armando Carravetta & Riccardo Martino & Helena Ramos, 2015. "Hydropower Potential in Water Distribution Networks: Pressure Control by PATs," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(3), pages 699-714, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:29:y:2015:i:3:p:699-714
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-014-0836-3
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    Cited by:

    1. Hamlehdar, Maryam & Yousefi, Hossein & Noorollahi, Younes & Mohammadi, Mohammad, 2022. "Energy recovery from water distribution networks using micro hydropower: A case study in Iran," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    2. Mariana Simão & Modesto Pérez-Sánchez & Armando Carravetta & Helena M. Ramos, 2019. "Flow Conditions for PATs Operating in Parallel: Experimental and Numerical Analyses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-19, March.
    3. Oreste Fecarotta & Aonghus McNabola, 2017. "Optimal Location of Pump as Turbines (PATs) in Water Distribution Networks to Recover Energy and Reduce Leakage," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(15), pages 5043-5059, December.
    4. Hao, Yue & Tan, Lei, 2018. "Symmetrical and unsymmetrical tip clearances on cavitation performance and radial force of a mixed flow pump as turbine at pump mode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 368-376.
    5. Marco Sinagra & Enrico Creaco & Gabriele Morreale & Tullio Tucciarelli, 2023. "Energy Recovery Optimization by Means of a Turbine in a Pressure Regulation Node of a Real Water Network Through a Data-Driven Digital Twin," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(12), pages 4733-4749, September.
    6. García Morillo, J. & McNabola, A. & Camacho, E. & Montesinos, P. & Rodríguez Díaz, J.A., 2018. "Hydro-power energy recovery in pressurized irrigation networks: A case study of an Irrigation District in the South of Spain," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 17-27.
    7. Thomas Pirard & Vasileios Kitsikoudis & Sebastien Erpicum & Michel Pirotton & Pierre Archambeau & Benjamin Dewals, 2022. "Discharge Redistribution as a Key Process for Heuristic Optimization of Energy Production with Pumps as Turbines in a Water Distribution Network," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 36(4), pages 1237-1250, March.
    8. Carravetta, A. & Fecarotta, O. & Ramos, H.M., 2018. "A new low-cost installation scheme of PATs for pico-hydropower to recover energy in residential areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 1003-1014.
    9. Payambarpour, S. Abdolkarim & Najafi, Amir F. & Magagnato, Franco, 2020. "Investigation of deflector geometry and turbine aspect ratio effect on 3D modified in-pipe hydro Savonius turbine: Parametric study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 44-59.
    10. Crespo Chacón, Miguel & Rodríguez Díaz, Juan Antonio & García Morillo, Jorge & McNabola, Aonghus, 2020. "Hydropower energy recovery in irrigation networks: Validation of a methodology for flow prediction and pump as turbine selection," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 1728-1738.
    11. Kandi, Ali & Meirelles, Gustavo & Brentan, Bruno, 2022. "Employing demand prediction in pump as turbine plant design regarding energy recovery enhancement," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 223-236.
    12. Le Marre, Maël & Mandin, Philippe & Lanoisellé, Jean-Louis & Zilliox, Erik & Rammal, Farah & Kim, Myeongsub (Mike) & Inguanta, Rosalinda, 2022. "Pumps as turbines regulation study through a decision-support algorithm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 561-570.
    13. Tahani, Mojtaba & Kandi, Ali & Moghimi, Mahdi & Houreh, Shahram Derakhshan, 2020. "Rotational speed variation assessment of centrifugal pump-as-turbine as an energy utilization device under water distribution network condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    14. Mauro Venturini & Stefano Alvisi & Silvio Simani & Lucrezia Manservigi, 2017. "Energy Production by Means of Pumps As Turbines in Water Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-13, October.
    15. Lydon, Tracey & Coughlan, Paul & McNabola, Aonghus, 2017. "Pressure management and energy recovery in water distribution networks: Development of design and selection methodologies using three pump-as-turbine case studies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(PB), pages 1038-1050.
    16. Kandi, Ali & Moghimi, Mahdi & Tahani, Mojtaba & Derakhshan, Shahram, 2021. "Optimization of pump selection for running as turbine and performance analysis within the regulation schemes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    17. Frank A Plua & Francisco-Javier Sánchez-Romero & Victor Hidalgo & P. Amparo López-Jiménez & Modesto Pérez-Sánchez, 2021. "New Expressions to Apply the Variation Operation Strategy in Engineering Tools Using Pumps Working as Turbines," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-17, April.
    18. Irene Samora & Mário J. Franca & Anton J. Schleiss & Helena M. Ramos, 2016. "Simulated Annealing in Optimization of Energy Production in a Water Supply Network," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(4), pages 1533-1547, March.
    19. Ángel Mariano Rodríguez-Pérez & Cinta Pérez-Calañas & Inmaculada Pulido-Calvo, 2021. "Energy Recovery in Pressurized Hydraulic Networks," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 35(6), pages 1977-1990, April.
    20. Irene Samora & Mário Franca & Anton Schleiss & Helena Ramos, 2016. "Simulated Annealing in Optimization of Energy Production in a Water Supply Network," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(4), pages 1533-1547, March.
    21. Gideon Johannes Bonthuys & Marco van Dijk & Giovanna Cavazzini, 2021. "Optimizing the Potential Impact of Energy Recovery and Pipe Replacement on Leakage Reduction in a Medium Sized District Metered Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-23, November.
    22. Kostner, Michael K. & Zanfei, Ariele & Alberizzi, Jacopo C. & Renzi, Massimiliano & Righetti, Maurizio & Menapace, Andrea, 2023. "Micro hydro power generation in water distribution networks through the optimal pumps-as-turbines sizing and control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 351(C).

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