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Energy Saving in Water Distribution Network through Pump as Turbine Generators: Economic and Environmental Analysis

Author

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  • Mauro De Marchis

    (Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna Kore, Cittadella Universitaria, Enna 94100, Italy)

  • Barbara Milici

    (Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna Kore, Cittadella Universitaria, Enna 94100, Italy)

  • Roberto Volpe

    (Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna Kore, Cittadella Universitaria, Enna 94100, Italy)

  • Antonio Messineo

    (Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna Kore, Cittadella Universitaria, Enna 94100, Italy)

Abstract

Complex systems of water distribution networks (WDS) are used to supply water to users. WDSs are systems where a lot of distributed energy is available. Historically, this energy is artificially dissipated by pressure reduction valves (PRVs), thanks to which water utilities manage the pressure level in selected nodes of the network. The present study explores the use of economic hydraulic machines, pumps as turbines (PATs) to produce energy in a small network located in a town close to Palermo (Italy). The main idea is to avoid dissipation in favor of renewable energy production. The proposed study is applied to a WDN typical of the Mediterranean countries, where the users, to collect water during the period of water scarcity conditions, install private tanks. The presence of private tanks deeply modifies the network from its designed condition. In the proposed analysis, the economic benefit of PATs application in water distribution networks has been investigated, accounting for the presence of users’ private tanks. The analysis, carried out by mean of a mathematical model able to dynamically simulate the water distribution network with PATs, shows the advantage of their installation in terms of renewable energy recovery, even though the energy production of PATs is strictly conditioned by their installation position.

Suggested Citation

  • Mauro De Marchis & Barbara Milici & Roberto Volpe & Antonio Messineo, 2016. "Energy Saving in Water Distribution Network through Pump as Turbine Generators: Economic and Environmental Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:11:p:877-:d:81471
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Oreste Fecarotta & Aonghus McNabola, 2017. "Optimal Location of Pump as Turbines (PATs) in Water Distribution Networks to Recover Energy and Reduce Leakage," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(15), pages 5043-5059, December.
    2. Petras Punys & Linas Jurevičius, 2022. "Assessment of Hydropower Potential in Wastewater Systems and Application in a Lowland Country, Lithuania," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-23, July.
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    4. Gao, Wei & Feng, Xiao, 2017. "The power target of a fluid machinery network in a circulating water system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 847-854.
    5. Mauro Venturini & Stefano Alvisi & Silvio Simani & Lucrezia Manservigi, 2018. "Comparison of Different Approaches to Predict the Performance of Pumps As Turbines (PATs)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-17, April.
    6. Carravetta, A. & Fecarotta, O. & Ramos, H.M., 2018. "A new low-cost installation scheme of PATs for pico-hydropower to recover energy in residential areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 1003-1014.
    7. Ávila, Carlos Andrés Macías & Sánchez-Romero, Francisco-Javier & López-Jiménez, P. Amparo & Pérez-Sánchez, Modesto, 2021. "Optimization tool to improve the management of the leakages and recovered energy in irrigation water systems," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    8. Venturini, Mauro & Manservigi, Lucrezia & Alvisi, Stefano & Simani, Silvio, 2018. "Development of a physics-based model to predict the performance of pumps as turbines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 343-354.
    9. Rodrigo Lopez Farias & Vicenç Puig & Hector Rodriguez Rangel & Juan J. Flores, 2018. "Multi-Model Prediction for Demand Forecast in Water Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-21, March.
    10. Emma Frosina & Dario Buono & Adolfo Senatore, 2017. "A Performance Prediction Method for Pumps as Turbines (PAT) Using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-19, January.
    11. Kandi, Ali & Moghimi, Mahdi & Tahani, Mojtaba & Derakhshan, Shahram, 2021. "Optimization of pump selection for running as turbine and performance analysis within the regulation schemes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    12. Maxime Binama & Kan Kan & Huixiang Chen & Yuan Zheng & Daqing Zhou & Alexis Muhirwa & Godfrey M. Bwimba, 2021. "Investigation into Pump Mode Flow Dynamics for a Mixed Flow PAT with Adjustable Runner Blades," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-28, May.
    13. Jianzhong Zhou & Yanhe Xu & Yang Zheng & Yuncheng Zhang, 2017. "Optimization of Guide Vane Closing Schemes of Pumped Storage Hydro Unit Using an Enhanced Multi-Objective Gravitational Search Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-23, July.
    14. Liu, Ming & Tan, Lei & Cao, Shuliang, 2019. "Theoretical model of energy performance prediction and BEP determination for centrifugal pump as turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 712-732.
    15. Shojaeefard, Mohammad Hassan & Saremian, Salman, 2022. "Effects of impeller geometry modification on performance of pump as turbine in the urban water distribution network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    16. Yu Shao & Yanxi Yu & Tingchao Yu & Shipeng Chu & Xiaowei Liu, 2019. "Leakage Control and Energy Consumption Optimization in the Water Distribution Network Based on Joint Scheduling of Pumps and Valves," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-18, August.
    17. Jacopo Carlo Alberizzi & Massimiliano Renzi & Maurizio Righetti & Giuseppe Roberto Pisaturo & Mosè Rossi, 2019. "Speed and Pressure Controls of Pumps-as-Turbines Installed in Branch of Water-Distribution Network Subjected to Highly Variable Flow Rates," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-18, December.
    18. Andrés Ortega-Ballesteros & David Muñoz-Rodríguez & Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno, 2022. "Advances in Leakage Control and Energy Consumption Optimization in Drinking Water Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-5, July.
    19. Sinagra, Marco & Aricò, Costanza & Tucciarelli, Tullio & Morreale, Gabriele, 2020. "Experimental and numerical analysis of a backpressure Banki inline turbine for pressure regulation and energy production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 980-986.

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