IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v9y2016i11p877-d81471.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Energy Saving in Water Distribution Network through Pump as Turbine Generators: Economic and Environmental Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Mauro De Marchis

    (Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna Kore, Cittadella Universitaria, Enna 94100, Italy)

  • Barbara Milici

    (Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna Kore, Cittadella Universitaria, Enna 94100, Italy)

  • Roberto Volpe

    (Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna Kore, Cittadella Universitaria, Enna 94100, Italy)

  • Antonio Messineo

    (Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, University of Enna Kore, Cittadella Universitaria, Enna 94100, Italy)

Abstract

Complex systems of water distribution networks (WDS) are used to supply water to users. WDSs are systems where a lot of distributed energy is available. Historically, this energy is artificially dissipated by pressure reduction valves (PRVs), thanks to which water utilities manage the pressure level in selected nodes of the network. The present study explores the use of economic hydraulic machines, pumps as turbines (PATs) to produce energy in a small network located in a town close to Palermo (Italy). The main idea is to avoid dissipation in favor of renewable energy production. The proposed study is applied to a WDN typical of the Mediterranean countries, where the users, to collect water during the period of water scarcity conditions, install private tanks. The presence of private tanks deeply modifies the network from its designed condition. In the proposed analysis, the economic benefit of PATs application in water distribution networks has been investigated, accounting for the presence of users’ private tanks. The analysis, carried out by mean of a mathematical model able to dynamically simulate the water distribution network with PATs, shows the advantage of their installation in terms of renewable energy recovery, even though the energy production of PATs is strictly conditioned by their installation position.

Suggested Citation

  • Mauro De Marchis & Barbara Milici & Roberto Volpe & Antonio Messineo, 2016. "Energy Saving in Water Distribution Network through Pump as Turbine Generators: Economic and Environmental Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:11:p:877-:d:81471
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/9/11/877/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/9/11/877/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sara Nazif & Mohammad Karamouz & Massoud Tabesh & Ali Moridi, 2010. "Pressure Management Model for Urban Water Distribution Networks," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(3), pages 437-458, February.
    2. Mauro Marchis & Chiara M. Fontanazza & Gabriele Freni & Vincenza Notaro & Valeria Puleo, 2016. "Experimental Evidence of Leaks in Elastic Pipes," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(6), pages 2005-2019, April.
    3. Armando Carravetta & Giuseppe Del Giudice & Oreste Fecarotta & Helena M. Ramos, 2013. "PAT Design Strategy for Energy Recovery in Water Distribution Networks by Electrical Regulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-14, January.
    4. Yang, Sun-Sheng & Derakhshan, Shahram & Kong, Fan-Yu, 2012. "Theoretical, numerical and experimental prediction of pump as turbine performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 507-513.
    5. Armando Carravetta & Giuseppe Del Giudice & Oreste Fecarotta & Helena Ramos, 2012. "Energy Production in Water Distribution Networks: A PAT Design Strategy," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(13), pages 3947-3959, October.
    6. Volpe, Roberto & Messineo, Antonio & Millan, Marcos & Volpe, Maurizio & Kandiyoti, Rafael, 2015. "Assessment of olive wastes as energy source: pyrolysis, torrefaction and the key role of H loss in thermal breakdown," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 119-127.
    7. L. Araujo & H. Ramos & S. Coelho, 2006. "Pressure Control for Leakage Minimisation in Water Distribution Systems Management," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 20(1), pages 133-149, February.
    8. Andrea Alaimo & Antonio Esposito & Antonio Messineo & Calogero Orlando & Davide Tumino, 2015. "3D CFD Analysis of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-21, April.
    9. Jain, Sanjay V. & Patel, Rajesh N., 2014. "Investigations on pump running in turbine mode: A review of the state-of-the-art," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 841-868.
    10. Arriaga, Mariano, 2010. "Pump as turbine – A pico-hydro alternative in Lao People's Democratic Republic," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(5), pages 1109-1115.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Oreste Fecarotta & Aonghus McNabola, 2017. "Optimal Location of Pump as Turbines (PATs) in Water Distribution Networks to Recover Energy and Reduce Leakage," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(15), pages 5043-5059, December.
    2. Petras Punys & Linas Jurevičius, 2022. "Assessment of Hydropower Potential in Wastewater Systems and Application in a Lowland Country, Lithuania," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-23, July.
    3. Luigi Cimorelli & Carmine Covelli & Bruno Molino & Domenico Pianese, 2020. "Optimal Regulation of Pumping Station in Water Distribution Networks Using Constant and Variable Speed Pumps: A Technical and Economical Comparison," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-15, May.
    4. Gao, Wei & Feng, Xiao, 2017. "The power target of a fluid machinery network in a circulating water system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 847-854.
    5. Mauro Venturini & Stefano Alvisi & Silvio Simani & Lucrezia Manservigi, 2018. "Comparison of Different Approaches to Predict the Performance of Pumps As Turbines (PATs)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-17, April.
    6. Carravetta, A. & Fecarotta, O. & Ramos, H.M., 2018. "A new low-cost installation scheme of PATs for pico-hydropower to recover energy in residential areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 1003-1014.
    7. Ávila, Carlos Andrés Macías & Sánchez-Romero, Francisco-Javier & López-Jiménez, P. Amparo & Pérez-Sánchez, Modesto, 2021. "Optimization tool to improve the management of the leakages and recovered energy in irrigation water systems," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    8. Venturini, Mauro & Manservigi, Lucrezia & Alvisi, Stefano & Simani, Silvio, 2018. "Development of a physics-based model to predict the performance of pumps as turbines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 343-354.
    9. Rodrigo Lopez Farias & Vicenç Puig & Hector Rodriguez Rangel & Juan J. Flores, 2018. "Multi-Model Prediction for Demand Forecast in Water Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-21, March.
    10. Emma Frosina & Dario Buono & Adolfo Senatore, 2017. "A Performance Prediction Method for Pumps as Turbines (PAT) Using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-19, January.
    11. Kandi, Ali & Moghimi, Mahdi & Tahani, Mojtaba & Derakhshan, Shahram, 2021. "Optimization of pump selection for running as turbine and performance analysis within the regulation schemes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    12. Maxime Binama & Kan Kan & Huixiang Chen & Yuan Zheng & Daqing Zhou & Alexis Muhirwa & Godfrey M. Bwimba, 2021. "Investigation into Pump Mode Flow Dynamics for a Mixed Flow PAT with Adjustable Runner Blades," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-28, May.
    13. Jianzhong Zhou & Yanhe Xu & Yang Zheng & Yuncheng Zhang, 2017. "Optimization of Guide Vane Closing Schemes of Pumped Storage Hydro Unit Using an Enhanced Multi-Objective Gravitational Search Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-23, July.
    14. Liu, Ming & Tan, Lei & Cao, Shuliang, 2019. "Theoretical model of energy performance prediction and BEP determination for centrifugal pump as turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 712-732.
    15. Shojaeefard, Mohammad Hassan & Saremian, Salman, 2022. "Effects of impeller geometry modification on performance of pump as turbine in the urban water distribution network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    16. Yu Shao & Yanxi Yu & Tingchao Yu & Shipeng Chu & Xiaowei Liu, 2019. "Leakage Control and Energy Consumption Optimization in the Water Distribution Network Based on Joint Scheduling of Pumps and Valves," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-18, August.
    17. Jacopo Carlo Alberizzi & Massimiliano Renzi & Maurizio Righetti & Giuseppe Roberto Pisaturo & Mosè Rossi, 2019. "Speed and Pressure Controls of Pumps-as-Turbines Installed in Branch of Water-Distribution Network Subjected to Highly Variable Flow Rates," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-18, December.
    18. Andrés Ortega-Ballesteros & David Muñoz-Rodríguez & Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno, 2022. "Advances in Leakage Control and Energy Consumption Optimization in Drinking Water Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-5, July.
    19. Sinagra, Marco & Aricò, Costanza & Tucciarelli, Tullio & Morreale, Gabriele, 2020. "Experimental and numerical analysis of a backpressure Banki inline turbine for pressure regulation and energy production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 980-986.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kougias, Ioannis & Aggidis, George & Avellan, François & Deniz, Sabri & Lundin, Urban & Moro, Alberto & Muntean, Sebastian & Novara, Daniele & Pérez-Díaz, Juan Ignacio & Quaranta, Emanuele & Schild, P, 2019. "Analysis of emerging technologies in the hydropower sector," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1-1.
    2. Pérez-Sánchez, Modesto & Sánchez-Romero, Francisco Javier & López-Jiménez, P. Amparo & Ramos, Helena M., 2018. "PATs selection towards sustainability in irrigation networks: Simulated annealing as a water management tool," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(PA), pages 234-249.
    3. Sinagra, Marco & Aricò, Costanza & Tucciarelli, Tullio & Morreale, Gabriele, 2020. "Experimental and numerical analysis of a backpressure Banki inline turbine for pressure regulation and energy production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 980-986.
    4. Pugliese, Francesco & De Paola, Francesco & Fontana, Nicola & Giugni, Maurizio & Marini, Gustavo, 2016. "Experimental characterization of two Pumps As Turbines for hydropower generation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 180-187.
    5. Bizhanpour, Ali & Hasanzadeh, Nima & Najafi, Amir F. & Magagnato, Franco, 2023. "Investigation of different deflector geometry and mechanism effect on the performance of an in-pipe hydro Savonius turbine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    6. Shojaeefard, Mohammad Hassan & Saremian, Salman, 2022. "Effects of impeller geometry modification on performance of pump as turbine in the urban water distribution network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    7. Armando Carravetta & Giuseppe Del Giudice & Oreste Fecarotta & Helena M. Ramos, 2013. "PAT Design Strategy for Energy Recovery in Water Distribution Networks by Electrical Regulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-14, January.
    8. Carravetta, A. & Fecarotta, O. & Ramos, H.M., 2018. "A new low-cost installation scheme of PATs for pico-hydropower to recover energy in residential areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 1003-1014.
    9. Mauro Venturini & Stefano Alvisi & Silvio Simani & Lucrezia Manservigi, 2017. "Energy Production by Means of Pumps As Turbines in Water Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-13, October.
    10. Le Marre, Maël & Mandin, Philippe & Lanoisellé, Jean-Louis & Zilliox, Erik & Rammal, Farah & Kim, Myeongsub (Mike) & Inguanta, Rosalinda, 2022. "Pumps as turbines regulation study through a decision-support algorithm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 561-570.
    11. Thomas Pirard & Vasileios Kitsikoudis & Sebastien Erpicum & Michel Pirotton & Pierre Archambeau & Benjamin Dewals, 2022. "Discharge Redistribution as a Key Process for Heuristic Optimization of Energy Production with Pumps as Turbines in a Water Distribution Network," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 36(4), pages 1237-1250, March.
    12. Shojaeefard, Mohammad Hassan & Saremian, Salman, 2023. "Studying the impact of impeller geometrical parameters on the high-efficiency working range of pump as turbine (PAT) installed in the water distribution network," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    13. Irene Samora & Mário Franca & Anton Schleiss & Helena Ramos, 2016. "Simulated Annealing in Optimization of Energy Production in a Water Supply Network," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(4), pages 1533-1547, March.
    14. Morabito, Alessandro & Vagnoni, Elena & Di Matteo, Mariano & Hendrick, Patrick, 2021. "Numerical investigation on the volute cutwater for pumps running in turbine mode," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 807-824.
    15. Venturini, Mauro & Manservigi, Lucrezia & Alvisi, Stefano & Simani, Silvio, 2018. "Development of a physics-based model to predict the performance of pumps as turbines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 343-354.
    16. Mauro Venturini & Stefano Alvisi & Silvio Simani & Lucrezia Manservigi, 2018. "Comparison of Different Approaches to Predict the Performance of Pumps As Turbines (PATs)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-17, April.
    17. Huang, Si & Qiu, Guangqi & Su, Xianghui & Chen, Junrong & Zou, Wenlang, 2017. "Performance prediction of a centrifugal pump as turbine using rotor-volute matching principle," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 64-71.
    18. Lydon, Tracey & Coughlan, Paul & McNabola, Aonghus, 2017. "Pressure management and energy recovery in water distribution networks: Development of design and selection methodologies using three pump-as-turbine case studies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(PB), pages 1038-1050.
    19. Davi Edson Sales Souza & André Luiz Amarante Mesquita & Claudio José Cavalcante Blanco, 2023. "Pressure Regulation in a Water Distribution Network Using Pumps as Turbines at Variable Speed for Energy Recovery," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(3), pages 1183-1206, February.
    20. Shojaeefard, Mohammad Hassan & Saremian, Salman, 2024. "Analyzing the impact of blade geometrical parameters on energy recovery and efficiency of centrifugal pump as turbine installed in the pressure-reducing station," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:11:p:877-:d:81471. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.