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Selection, control and techno-economic feasibility of Pumps as Turbines in Water Distribution Networks

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  • Stefanizzi, Michele
  • Capurso, Tommaso
  • Balacco, Gabriella
  • Binetti, Mario
  • Camporeale, Sergio Mario
  • Torresi, Marco

Abstract

Water Distribution Networks (WDNs) are becoming an attractive area of application for small hydropower, which can contribute to the development of distributed energy generation from renewable sources. Indeed, WDNs experience considerable water leakages due to their age and water management authorities often divide the WDNs by inserting Pressure Reducing Valves (PRVs), which waste a potentially recoverable hydraulic head. The replacement of PRVs with Pump as Turbines (PaTs) can be considered as an economically feasible solution to achieve both an effective pressure control and a throttling energy recovery. The selection, installation and control strategy of a PaT in a WDN must consider the variability of the pressure and the flow rate demand. Starting from the evaluation of the available head and the water demand, in this work, we describe a methodology to select from pump catalogues the most suitable PaT and the best control criteria for a specific WDN. Then, knowing the pump geometry, it is possible to predict the characteristic curve of the pump operating as a turbine by using a 1-D performance prediction model. The WDN of a town in the Apulia region (Southern Italy) has been used as a case study. Finally, a techno-economic evaluation has been carried out by considering both economic and environmental benefits.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefanizzi, Michele & Capurso, Tommaso & Balacco, Gabriella & Binetti, Mario & Camporeale, Sergio Mario & Torresi, Marco, 2020. "Selection, control and techno-economic feasibility of Pumps as Turbines in Water Distribution Networks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1292-1306.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:162:y:2020:i:c:p:1292-1306
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.08.108
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    6. Kucukali, Serhat & Al Bayatı, Omar & Maraş, H. Hakan, 2021. "Finding the most suitable existing irrigation dams for small hydropower development in Turkey: A GIS-Fuzzy logic tool," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 633-650.
    7. Balacco, Gabriella & Fiorese, Gaetano Daniele & Alfio, Maria Rosaria & Totaro, Vincenzo & Binetti, Mario & Torresi, Marco & Stefanizzi, Michele, 2023. "PaT-ID: A tool for the selection of the optimal pump as turbine for a water distribution network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
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    15. Diamantis Karakatsanis & Nicolaos Theodossiou, 2022. "Smart Hydropower Water Distribution Networks, Use of Artificial Intelligence Methods and Metaheuristic Algorithms to Generate Energy from Existing Water Supply Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-21, July.
    16. Stefanizzi, M. & Filannino, D. & Capurso, T. & Camporeale, S.M. & Torresi, M., 2023. "Optimal hydraulic energy harvesting strategy for PaT installation in Water Distribution Networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 344(C).
    17. Kandi, Ali & Meirelles, Gustavo & Brentan, Bruno, 2022. "Employing demand prediction in pump as turbine plant design regarding energy recovery enhancement," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 223-236.
    18. Hong Pan & Jie Yang & Yang Yu & Yuan Zheng & Xiaonan Zheng & Chenyang Hang, 2024. "Intelligent Low-Consumption Optimization Strategies: Economic Operation of Hydropower Stations Based on Improved LSTM and Random Forest Machine Learning Algorithm," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-20, April.
    19. Le Marre, Maël & Mandin, Philippe & Lanoisellé, Jean-Louis & Zilliox, Erik & Rammal, Farah & Kim, Myeongsub (Mike) & Inguanta, Rosalinda, 2022. "Pumps as turbines regulation study through a decision-support algorithm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 561-570.
    20. Kostner, Michael K. & Zanfei, Ariele & Alberizzi, Jacopo C. & Renzi, Massimiliano & Righetti, Maurizio & Menapace, Andrea, 2023. "Micro hydro power generation in water distribution networks through the optimal pumps-as-turbines sizing and control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 351(C).
    21. Dariusz Andraka & Wojciech Kruszyński & Jacek Tyniec & Joanna Gwoździej-Mazur & Bartosz Kaźmierczak, 2023. "Practical Aspects of the Energy Efficiency Evaluation of a Water Distribution Network Using Hydrodynamic Modeling—A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-17, April.
    22. Peng Wang & Xingqi Luo & Jinling Lu & Qiyao Xue & Jiawei Gao & Senlin Chen, 2022. "Energy and Economic Analysis of Power Generation Using Residual Pressure of a Circulating Cooling Water System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-20, October.

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