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Impact of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami along the Tamil Nadu coastline: field survey review and numerical simulations

Author

Listed:
  • G. Gopinath
  • F. Løvholt
  • G. Kaiser
  • C. Harbitz
  • K. Srinivasa Raju
  • M. Ramalingam
  • Bhoop Singh

Abstract

The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami had a significant impact on the Tamil Nadu coast in India. In this paper, a range of field survey data collected by different survey teams available in literature have been analyzed and compiled to serve as a basis for validation of numerical tsunami simulations. The individual field surveys reveal a significant scatter in the run-up data between the different teams, which point out that the uncertainty in these data must be taken into account when using them for validation. The inundation of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami is simulated for the coastlines of Chennai and Nagapattinam based on high-resolution topography. Different spatially uniform Manning friction as well as heterogeneous friction maps is used. Overall, the simulation results showed a good agreement with the field observations, but there are also some observed spatial variability in the goodness of the fit between the data and simulations. In some areas, clear discrepancies are found. The results obtained using detailed land use maps including spatially variable friction are not significantly more accurate than those employing spatially constant values. For most areas, parameters indicating relatively low friction provided best match with the observations. This may also suggest that the inundation is often strongly governed by local variations in topography. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014

Suggested Citation

  • G. Gopinath & F. Løvholt & G. Kaiser & C. Harbitz & K. Srinivasa Raju & M. Ramalingam & Bhoop Singh, 2014. "Impact of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami along the Tamil Nadu coastline: field survey review and numerical simulations," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 72(2), pages 743-769, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:72:y:2014:i:2:p:743-769
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-014-1034-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Seth Stein & Emile A. Okal, 2005. "Speed and size of the Sumatra earthquake," Nature, Nature, vol. 434(7033), pages 581-582, March.
    2. Susan L. Bilek & Thorne Lay, 1999. "Rigidity variations with depth along interplate megathrust faults in subduction zones," Nature, Nature, vol. 400(6743), pages 443-446, July.
    3. M. Ramana Murthy & N. Reddy & Y. Pari & Tune Usha & P. Mishra, 2012. "Mapping of seawater inundation along Nagapattinam based on field observations," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 60(1), pages 161-179, January.
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    1. M. Iyyappan & Tune Usha & S. S. Ramakrishnan & K. Srinivasa Raju & G. Gopinath & S. Chenthamil Selvan & S. K. Dash & P. Mishra, 2018. "Evaluation of tsunami inundation using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data and numerical modeling," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 92(3), pages 1419-1432, July.
    2. A. D. Roshan & Prabir C. Basu & R. S. Jangid, 2016. "Tsunami hazard assessment of Indian coast," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 82(2), pages 733-762, June.

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