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Estimating tsunami potential of earthquakes in the Sumatra–Andaman region based on broadband seismograms in India

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  • S. Singh
  • J. Pacheco
  • M. Ordaz
  • R. Dattatrayam
  • G. Suresh
  • P. Baidya

Abstract

In this paper, we report that the ratio of broadband energy (0.01–2 Hz) to high-frequency energy (0.3–2 Hz), E r , estimated from regional seismograms of India, might be a useful parameter in estimating tsunami potential of earthquakes in the Sumatra–Andaman region. E r is expected to be sensitive to the depth as well as to the source characteristics of an earthquake. Since a shallow and slow earthquake has a greater tsunamigenic potential, E r may be a useful diagnostic parameter. We base our analysis on broadband seismograms of the great earthquakes of Sumatra–Andaman (2004, M w ~ 9.2) and Nias (2005, M w 8.6), 41 of their aftershocks, and the earthquakes of north Sumatra (2010, M w 7.8) and Nicobar (2010, M w 7.4) recorded at VISK, a station located on the east coast of India. In the analysis, we also included the two recent, great strike-slip earthquakes of north Sumatra (2012, M w 8.6, 8.2) recorded at VISK and three south Sumatra earthquakes (2007, M w 8.5; 2007, M w 7.9; 2010, M w 7.8) recorded at PALK, a station in Sri Lanka. We find that E r is a function of depth; shallower earthquakes have higher E r values than the deeper ones. Thus, E r may be indicative of tsunamigenic potential of an earthquake. As M w and E r increase so does the tsunami potential. In addition to the parameter E r , the radiated seismic energy, E s , may be estimated from the regional seismograms in India using empirical Green’s function technique. The technique yields reliable E s for the great Sumatra and Nias earthquakes. E r and E s computed from VISK data, along with M w and focal mechanism, may be useful in estimating tsunami potential along the east coast of India from earthquakes in the Sumatra–Andaman region in less than ~20 min. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012

Suggested Citation

  • S. Singh & J. Pacheco & M. Ordaz & R. Dattatrayam & G. Suresh & P. Baidya, 2012. "Estimating tsunami potential of earthquakes in the Sumatra–Andaman region based on broadband seismograms in India," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 64(2), pages 1491-1510, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:64:y:2012:i:2:p:1491-1510
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-012-0311-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Seth Stein & Emile A. Okal, 2005. "Speed and size of the Sumatra earthquake," Nature, Nature, vol. 434(7033), pages 581-582, March.
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    1. Telesca, Luciano & Lovallo, Michele & Chamoli, Ashutosh & Dimri, V.P. & Srivastava, K., 2013. "Fisher–Shannon analysis of seismograms of tsunamigenic and non-tsunamigenic earthquakes," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 392(16), pages 3424-3429.

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