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Physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout: A systematic review of prospective studies

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  • Denise Albieri Jodas Salvagioni
  • Francine Nesello Melanda
  • Arthur Eumann Mesas
  • Alberto Durán González
  • Flávia Lopes Gabani
  • Selma Maffei de Andrade

Abstract

Burnout is a syndrome that results from chronic stress at work, with several consequences to workers’ well-being and health. This systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence of the physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout in prospective studies. The PubMed, Science Direct, PsycInfo, SciELO, LILACS and Web of Science databases were searched without language or date restrictions. The Transparent Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Prospective studies that analyzed burnout as the exposure condition were included. Among the 993 articles initially identified, 61 fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and 36 were analyzed because they met three criteria that must be followed in prospective studies. Burnout was a significant predictor of the following physical consequences: hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, hospitalization due to cardiovascular disorder, musculoskeletal pain, changes in pain experiences, prolonged fatigue, headaches, gastrointestinal issues, respiratory problems, severe injuries and mortality below the age of 45 years. The psychological effects were insomnia, depressive symptoms, use of psychotropic and antidepressant medications, hospitalization for mental disorders and psychological ill-health symptoms. Job dissatisfaction, absenteeism, new disability pension, job demands, job resources and presenteeism were identified as professional outcomes. Conflicting findings were observed. In conclusion, several prospective and high-quality studies showed physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout. The individual and social impacts of burnout highlight the need for preventive interventions and early identification of this health condition in the work environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Denise Albieri Jodas Salvagioni & Francine Nesello Melanda & Arthur Eumann Mesas & Alberto Durán González & Flávia Lopes Gabani & Selma Maffei de Andrade, 2017. "Physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout: A systematic review of prospective studies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(10), pages 1-29, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0185781
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185781
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    3. Luca A Morgantini & Ushasi Naha & Heng Wang & Simone Francavilla & Ömer Acar & Jose M Flores & Simone Crivellaro & Daniel Moreira & Michael Abern & Martin Eklund & Hari T Vigneswaran & Stevan M Weine, 2020. "Factors contributing to healthcare professional burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid turnaround global survey," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(9), pages 1-11, September.
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    9. Maria H Kim & Alick C Mazenga & Xiaoying Yu & Katie Simon & Phoebe Nyasulu & Peter N Kazembe & Thokozani Kalua & Elaine Abrams & Saeed Ahmed, 2019. "Factors associated with burnout amongst healthcare workers providing HIV care in Malawi," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(9), pages 1-14, September.
    10. Yasumasa Otsuka & Yukiko Sagisaka & Junko Nakamura & Keiko Hara & Masaki Okada & Yuko Takeuchi & Mizuki Tsuchiya & Yutaka Monden, 2023. "Happiness Detected by the Emotion Cognition System Is Associated with Burnout in an Information Technology Products and Services Trading Company," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-10, January.
    11. Andria Jones-Bitton & Briana Hagen & Stephen J. Fleming & Sandra Hoy, 2019. "Farmer Burnout in Canada," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-15, December.
    12. A. Reeves & P. Delfabbro & D. Calic, 2021. "Encouraging Employee Engagement With Cybersecurity: How to Tackle Cyber Fatigue," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(1), pages 21582440211, March.
    13. Ines Testoni & Irene Nencioni & Lucia Ronconi & Francesca Alemanno & Adriano Zamperini, 2020. "Burnout, Reasons for Living and Dehumanisation among Italian Penitentiary Police Officers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-12, April.
    14. Elizabeth Keller & Meghan Widestrom & Jory Gould & Runcheng Fang & Kermit G. Davis & Gordon Lee Gillespie, 2022. "Examining the Impact of Stressors during COVID-19 on Emergency Department Healthcare Workers: An International Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-15, March.
    15. Yinxian Chen & Diana Juvinao-Quintero & Juan Carlos Velez & Sebastian Muñoz & Jessica Castillo & Bizu Gelaye, 2023. "Personal and Work-Related Burnout Is Associated with Elevated Diastolic Blood Pressure and Diastolic Hypertension among Working Adults in Chile," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-11, January.
    16. Lynette Sikic Micanovic & Stephanie Stelko & Suzana Sakic, 2019. "Who else Needs Protection? Reflecting on Researcher Vulnerability in Sensitive Research," Societies, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-12, December.
    17. Helga Guðrún Óskarsdóttir & Guðmundur Valur Oddsson & Jón Þór Sturluson & Rögnvaldur Jóhann Sæmundsson, 2021. "A Soft Systems Approach to Knowledge Worker Productivity: A Purposeful Activity Model for the Individual," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-26, October.
    18. Bettina Lampert & Christine Unterrainer & Christian Thomas Seubert, 2019. "Exhausted through client interaction—Detached concern profiles as an emotional resource over time?," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(5), pages 1-20, May.
    19. Alexander Benlian, 2022. "Sprint Zeal or Sprint Fatigue? The Benefits and Burdens of Agile ISD Practices Use for Developer Well-Being," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 33(2), pages 557-578, June.
    20. Jianfei Xie & Jie Li & Sha Wang & Lijun Li & Kewei Wang & Yinglong Duan & Qiao Liu & Zhuqing Zhong & Siqing Ding & Andy S. K. Cheng, 2021. "Job burnout and its influencing factors among newly graduated nurses: A cross‐sectional study," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(3-4), pages 508-517, February.

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