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Factors associated with burnout amongst healthcare workers providing HIV care in Malawi

Author

Listed:
  • Maria H Kim
  • Alick C Mazenga
  • Xiaoying Yu
  • Katie Simon
  • Phoebe Nyasulu
  • Peter N Kazembe
  • Thokozani Kalua
  • Elaine Abrams
  • Saeed Ahmed

Abstract

Context: High rates of burnout have been reported in low and medium income countries and can detrimentally impact healthcare delivery. Understanding factors associated with burnout amongst health care workers providing HIV care may help develop interventions to prevent/treat burnout. Objectives: We sought to understand factors associated with burnout amongst health care workers providing HIV care in Malawi. Methods: This was a sub-study of a larger cross-sectional study measuring burnout prevalence amongst a convenience sample of healthcare workers providing HIV care in 89 health facilities in eight districts in Malawi. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Anonymously administered surveys included questions about sociodemographics, work characteristics (work load, supervisor support, team interactions), depression, life stressors, assessment of type D personality, and career satisfaction. We performed univariable and multivariable regression analyses to explore associations between variables and burnout. Results: We received 535 responses (response rate 99%). Factors associated with higher rates of burnout on multivariable regression analyses included individual level factors: male gender (OR 1.75 [CI 1.17, 2.63]; p = 0.007), marital status (widowed or divorced) (OR 3.24 [CI 1.32, 7.98]; p = 0.011), depression (OR 3.32 [CI 1.21, 9.10]; p = 0.020), type D personality type (OR 2.77 [CI 1.50, 5.12]; p = 0.001) as well as work related factors: working at a health center vs. a rural hospital (OR 2.02 [CI 1.19, 3.40]; p = 0.009); lack of a very supportive supervisor (OR 2.38 [CI 1.32, 4.29]; p = 0.004), dissatisfaction with work/team interaction (OR 1.76 [CI 1.17, 2.66]; p = 0.007), and career dissatisfaction (OR 0.76 [CI 0.60, 0.96]; p = 0.020). Conclusion: This study identified several individual level vulnerabilities as well as work related modifiable factors. Improving the supervisory capacity of health facility managers and creating conditions for improved team dynamics may help reduce burnout amongst healthcare workers proving HIV care in Malawi.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria H Kim & Alick C Mazenga & Xiaoying Yu & Katie Simon & Phoebe Nyasulu & Peter N Kazembe & Thokozani Kalua & Elaine Abrams & Saeed Ahmed, 2019. "Factors associated with burnout amongst healthcare workers providing HIV care in Malawi," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(9), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0222638
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222638
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Denise Albieri Jodas Salvagioni & Francine Nesello Melanda & Arthur Eumann Mesas & Alberto Durán González & Flávia Lopes Gabani & Selma Maffei de Andrade, 2017. "Physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout: A systematic review of prospective studies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(10), pages 1-29, October.
    2. Gina Görgens‐Ekermans & Tamari Brand, 2012. "Emotional intelligence as a moderator in the stress–burnout relationship: a questionnaire study on nurses," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 21(15‐16), pages 2275-2285, August.
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    1. Tamrat Anbesaw & Yosef Zenebe & Melkamu Abebe & Teshome Tegafaw, 2023. "Burnout Syndrome and Associated Factors Among Health Care Professionals Working in Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Dessie, Ethiopia," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, December.

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