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What Comes First, Job Burnout or Secondary Traumatic Stress? Findings from Two Longitudinal Studies from the U.S. and Poland

Author

Listed:
  • Kotaro Shoji
  • Magdalena Lesnierowska
  • Ewelina Smoktunowicz
  • Judith Bock
  • Aleksandra Luszczynska
  • Charles C Benight
  • Roman Cieslak

Abstract

This longitudinal research examined the directions of the relationships between job burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS) among human services workers. In particular, using cross-lagged panel design, we investigated whether job burnout predicts STS at 6-month follow up or whether the level of STS symptoms explains job burnout at 6-month follow-up. Participants in Study 1 were behavioral or mental healthcare providers (N = 135) working with U.S. military personnel suffering from trauma. Participants in Study 2 were healthcare providers, social workers, and other human services professions (N = 194) providing various types of services for civilian trauma survivors in Poland. The cross-lagged analyses showed consistent results for both longitudinal studies; job burnout measured at Time 1 led to STS at Time 2, but STS assessed at Time 1 did not lead to job burnout at Time 2. These results contribute to a discussion on the origins of STS and job burnout among human services personnel working in highly demanding context of work-related secondary exposure to traumatic events and confirm that job burnout contributes to the development of STS.

Suggested Citation

  • Kotaro Shoji & Magdalena Lesnierowska & Ewelina Smoktunowicz & Judith Bock & Aleksandra Luszczynska & Charles C Benight & Roman Cieslak, 2015. "What Comes First, Job Burnout or Secondary Traumatic Stress? Findings from Two Longitudinal Studies from the U.S. and Poland," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(8), pages 1-15, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0136730
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136730
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    Cited by:

    1. Denise Albieri Jodas Salvagioni & Francine Nesello Melanda & Arthur Eumann Mesas & Alberto Durán González & Flávia Lopes Gabani & Selma Maffei de Andrade, 2017. "Physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout: A systematic review of prospective studies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(10), pages 1-29, October.
    2. Swantje Robelski & Janika Mette & Tanja Wirth & Niklas Kiepe & Albert Nienhaus & Volker Harth & Stefanie Mache, 2020. "(Un)bounded Social Work?—Analysis of Working Conditions in Refugee and Homeless Aid in Relation to Perceived Job Stress and Job Satisfaction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-20, January.
    3. Delia Vîrgă & Elena-Loreni Baciu & Theofild-Andrei Lazăr & Daria Lupșa, 2020. "Psychological Capital Protects Social Workers from Burnout and Secondary Traumatic Stress," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-16, March.
    4. Beer, Oliver W.J. & Phillips, Rebecca & Letson, Megan M. & Wolf, Kathryn G., 2021. "Personal and professional impacts of work-related stress alleviation strategies among child welfare workers in child advocacy center settings," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).

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