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Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) among Italian Nurses: How Many Factors Must a Researcher Consider?

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  • Barbara Loera
  • Daniela Converso
  • Sara Viotti

Abstract

Background: The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is the mainstream measure for burnout. However, its psychometric properties have been questioned, and alternative measurement models of the inventory have been suggested. Aims: Different models for the number of items and factors of the MBI-HSS, the version of the Inventory for the Human Service sector, were tested in order to identify the most appropriate model for measuring burnout in Italy. Methods: The study dataset consisted of a sample of 925 nurses. Ten alternative models of burnout were compared using confirmatory factor analysis. The psychometric properties of items and reliability of the MBI-HSS subscales were evaluated. Results: Item malfunctioning may confound the MBI-HSS factor structure. The analysis confirmed the factorial structure of the MBI-HSS with a three-dimensional, 20-item assessment. Conclusions: The factorial structure underlying the MBI-HSS follows Maslach’s definition when items are reduced from the original 22 to a 20-item set. Alternative models, either with fewer items or with an increased number of latent dimensions in the burnout structure, do not yield better results to justify redefining the item set or theoretically revising the syndrome construct.

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  • Barbara Loera & Daniela Converso & Sara Viotti, 2014. "Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) among Italian Nurses: How Many Factors Must a Researcher Consider?," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(12), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0114987
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114987
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    2. Emanuele Maria Giusti & Giovanni Veronesi & Camilla Callegari & Gianluca Castelnuovo & Licia Iacoviello & Marco Mario Ferrario, 2022. "The North Italian Longitudinal Study Assessing the Mental Health Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Health Care Workers—Part II: Structural Validity of Scales Assessing Mental Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-16, August.
    3. Daniela Converso & Ilaria Sottimano & Giorgia Molinengo & Barbara Loera, 2019. "The Unbearable Lightness of the Academic Work: The Positive and Negative Sides of Heavy Work Investment in a Sample of Italian University Professors and Researchers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-16, April.
    4. Pedro R. Gil-Monte & Begoña Espejo & Irene Checa & Pedro Gil-LaOrden & Kezia Angeline J & Mary Sandra Carlotto & Daniela Converso & Ángel Deroncele-Acosta & Hugo Figueiredo-Ferraz & Laura Galarza & Vi, 2023. "Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Spanish Burnout Inventory Among Professionals Across 17 Countries and Regions," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 18(2), pages 869-892, April.
    5. Monia Vagni & Valeria Giostra & Tiziana Maiorano & Giuliano Santaniello & Daniela Pajardi, 2020. "Personal Accomplishment and Hardiness in Reducing Emergency Stress and Burnout among COVID-19 Emergency Workers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-18, October.
    6. Gloria Guidetti & Sara Viotti & Rosa Badagliacca & Lara Colombo & Daniela Converso, 2019. "Can mindfulness mitigate the energy-depleting process and increase job resources to prevent burnout? A study on the mindfulness trait in the school context," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(4), pages 1-17, April.
    7. Zahra Ghasemi Kooktapeh & Hakimeh Dustmohammadloo & Hooman Mehrdoost & Farivar Fatehi, 2023. "In the Line of Fire: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Job Burnout Among Nurses," Papers 2312.14853, arXiv.org.
    8. Sergio Edú-Valsania & Ana Laguía & Juan A. Moriano, 2022. "Burnout: A Review of Theory and Measurement," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-27, February.
    9. Emilia I. De La Fuente-Solana & Elena Ortega-Campos & Keyla Vargas-Roman & Gustavo R. Cañadas-De la Fuente & Tania Ariza C. & Raimundo Aguayo-Extremera & Luis Albendín-García, 2020. "Study of the Predictive Validity of the Burnout Granada Questionnaire in Police Officers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-9, August.
    10. Monia Vagni & Tiziana Maiorano & Valeria Giostra & Daniela Pajardi, 2021. "Protective Factors against Emergency Stress and Burnout in Healthcare and Emergency Workers during Second Wave of COVID-19," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-16, May.

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