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Adolescent Health and High School Dropout: A Prospective Cohort Study of 9000 Norwegian Adolescents (The Young-HUNT)

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  • Karin A A De Ridder
  • Kristine Pape
  • Roar Johnsen
  • Turid Lingaas Holmen
  • Steinar Westin
  • Johan Håkon Bjørngaard

Abstract

Background: High school dropout is of major concern in the western world. Our aims were to estimate the risk of school dropout in adolescents following chronic somatic disease, somatic symptoms, psychological distress, concentration difficulties, insomnia or overweight and to assess to which extent the family contributes to the association between health and school dropout. Methods: A population of 8950 school-attending adolescents (13–21 years) rated their health in the Young-HUNT 1 Study (90% response rate) in 1995–1997. High school dropout or completion, was defined with the Norwegian National Education Database in the calendar year the participant turned 24 years old. Parental socioeconomic status was defined by using linkages to the National Education Database, the National Insurance Administration and the HUNT2 Survey. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios and risk differences of high school dropout, both in the whole population and among siblings within families differentially exposed to health problems. Results: All explored health dimensions were strongly associated with high school dropout. In models adjusted for parental socioeconomic status, the risk differences of school dropout according to health exposures varied between 3.6% (95% CI 1.7 to 5.5) for having ≥1 somatic disease versus none and 11.7% (6.3 to 17.0) for being obese versus normal weight. The results from the analyses comparing differentially exposed siblings, confirmed these results with the exception of weaker associations for somatic diseases and psychological distress. School dropout was strongly clustered within families (family level conditional intraclass correlation 0.42). Conclusions: Adolescent health problems are markers for high school dropout, independent of parental socioeconomic status. Although school dropout it strongly related to family-level factors, also siblings with poor health have reduced opportunity to complete high school compared to healthy siblings. Public health policy should focus on ensuring young people with poor health the best attainable education.

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  • Karin A A De Ridder & Kristine Pape & Roar Johnsen & Turid Lingaas Holmen & Steinar Westin & Johan Håkon Bjørngaard, 2013. "Adolescent Health and High School Dropout: A Prospective Cohort Study of 9000 Norwegian Adolescents (The Young-HUNT)," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(9), pages 1-7, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0074954
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074954
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    2. Arnhild Myhr & Monica Lillefjell & Geir Arild Espnes & Thomas Halvorsen, 2017. "Do family and neighbourhood matter in secondary school completion? A multilevel study of determinants and their interactions in a life-course perspective," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(2), pages 1-21, February.
    3. Janne Mikkonen & Hanna Remes & Heta Moustgaard & Pekka Martikainen, 2020. "Evaluating the Role of Parental Education and Adolescent Health Problems in Educational Attainment," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 57(6), pages 2245-2267, December.
    4. Adilson Marques & Yolanda Demetriou & Riki Tesler & Élvio R. Gouveia & Miguel Peralta & Margarida Gaspar de Matos, 2019. "Healthy Lifestyle in Children and Adolescents and Its Association with Subjective Health Complaints: Findings from 37 Countries and Regions from the HBSC Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-14, September.
    5. Stein Atle Lie & Torill H Tveito & Silje E Reme & Hege R Eriksen, 2017. "IQ and mental health are vital predictors of work drop out and early mortality. Multi-state analyses of Norwegian male conscripts," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(7), pages 1-15, July.
    6. Arlette Simo-Fotso, 2016. "Human Capital Accumulation of Disabled Children:Does Disability Really Matter?," Working Papers 222, Institut National d'Études Démographiques (INED).
    7. Baiden, Philip & LaBrenz, Catherine A. & Okine, Lucinda & Thrasher, Shawndaya & Asiedua-Baiden, Gladys, 2020. "The toxic duo: Bullying involvement and adverse childhood experiences as factors associated with school disengagement among children," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    8. Suzanne J. van den Toren & Amy van Grieken & Wico C. Mulder & Yvonne TM Vanneste & Marjolein Lugtenberg & Marlou LA de Kroon & Siok Swan Tan & Hein Raat, 2019. "School Absenteeism, Health-Related Quality of Life [HRQOL] and Happiness among Young Adults Aged 16–26 Years," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-11, September.
    9. Schmid, Evi, 2020. "Upper secondary education for youth at risk: A comparative analysis of education and training programmes in Austria, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland," International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training (IJRVET), European Research Network in Vocational Education and Training (VETNET), European Educational Research Association, vol. 7(1), pages 21-44.
    10. Ose, Solveig Osborg & Jensen, Chris, 2017. "Youth outside the labour force — Perceived barriers by service providers and service users: A mixed method approach," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 148-156.

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