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Optimal Allocation and Economic Analysis of Battery Energy Storage Systems: Self-Consumption Rate and Hosting Capacity Enhancement for Microgrids with High Renewable Penetration

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  • Muhyaddin Rawa

    (Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Abdullah Abusorrah

    (Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Yusuf Al-Turki

    (Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Saad Mekhilef

    (Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
    Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Mostafa H. Mostafa

    (Department of Electrical Power and Machines, International Academy for Engineering and Media Science, Cairo 12411, Egypt)

  • Ziad M. Ali

    (Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering at Wadi Addawaser, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Addawaser 11991, Saudi Arabia
    Electrical Engineering Department, Aswan Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81542, Egypt)

  • Shady H. E. Abdel Aleem

    (ETA Electric Company, Power Quality Department, 410 Al-Haram St., El Omraniya, Giza 12111, Egypt)

Abstract

Recent advances in using renewable energy resources make them more accessible and prevalent in microgrids (MGs) and nano grids (NGs) applications. Accordingly, much attention has been paid during the past few years to design and operate MGs with high renewable energy sources (RESs) penetration. Energy storage (ES) is the crucial enabler for reliable MG operation to help MGs become more resistant to disruptions, particularly with the increased penetration of RESs. In this regard, this paper formulates a two-stage optimization framework to improve a grid-connected MG performance. Firstly, the optimal allocation decisions of the battery ES systems (BESSs) are provided to enhance the self-consumption rate of the RESs and the hosting capacity (HC) of the MG. Secondly, an operation strategy with the results (number, location, and capacity) of the BESSs obtained from the first stage is handled as an objective function to minimize the MG’s total operation cost. The IEEE 33-bus radial system is modified to act as the MG with high RESs penetration. The problem is solved using a recent swarm intelligence optimization algorithm called the Harris hawks optimization (HHO) algorithm. The proposed optimal operation strategy considers numerous constraints, such as the charge-discharge balance, number and capacity limitations of the BESSs, and the different technical performance constraints of the MG. The results obtained verify the proposed optimization framework’s effectiveness for grid-connected MGs and validate the benefits gained from the appropriate allocation of BESSs. The results also indicate that oversized storage or using many unneeded storage units may adversely influence the MG’s total power losses.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhyaddin Rawa & Abdullah Abusorrah & Yusuf Al-Turki & Saad Mekhilef & Mostafa H. Mostafa & Ziad M. Ali & Shady H. E. Abdel Aleem, 2020. "Optimal Allocation and Economic Analysis of Battery Energy Storage Systems: Self-Consumption Rate and Hosting Capacity Enhancement for Microgrids with High Renewable Penetration," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-25, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:23:p:10144-:d:457170
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Reza Alayi & Farhad Zishan & Seyed Reza Seyednouri & Ravinder Kumar & Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi & Mohsen Sharifpur, 2021. "Optimal Load Frequency Control of Island Microgrids via a PID Controller in the Presence of Wind Turbine and PV," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-14, September.
    3. Moein Taghavi & Hamed Delkhosh & Mohsen Parsa Moghaddam & Alireza Sheikhi Fini, 2022. "Combined PV-Wind Hosting Capacity Enhancement of a Hybrid AC/DC Distribution Network Using Reactive Control of Convertors and Demand Flexibility," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-28, June.
    4. Shaila Arif & Ata E Rabbi & Shams Uddin Ahmed & Molla Shahadat Hossain Lipu & Taskin Jamal & Tareq Aziz & Mahidur R. Sarker & Amna Riaz & Talal Alharbi & Muhammad Majid Hussain, 2022. "Enhancement of Solar PV Hosting Capacity in a Remote Industrial Microgrid: A Methodical Techno-Economic Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-23, July.
    5. Ziad M. Ali & Martin Calasan & Shady H. E. Abdel Aleem & Francisco Jurado & Foad H. Gandoman, 2023. "Applications of Energy Storage Systems in Enhancing Energy Management and Access in Microgrids: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-41, August.
    6. Shahid Nawaz Khan & Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi & Abdullah Altamimi & Zafar A. Khan & Mohammed A. Alghassab, 2022. "Smart Distribution Mechanisms—Part I: From the Perspectives of Planning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-109, December.
    7. Chie Hoon Song, 2021. "Exploring and Predicting the Knowledge Development in the Field of Energy Storage: Evidence from the Emerging Startup Landscape," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-20, September.
    8. B. Srikanth Goud & Ch. Rami Reddy & Mohit Bajaj & Ehab E. Elattar & Salah Kamel, 2021. "Power Quality Improvement Using Distributed Power Flow Controller with BWO-Based FOPID Controller," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-33, October.
    9. Mohammed M. Alhaider & Ziad M. Ali & Mostafa H. Mostafa & Shady H. E. Abdel Aleem, 2023. "Economic Viability of NaS Batteries for Optimal Microgrid Operation and Hosting Capacity Enhancement under Uncertain Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-24, October.

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