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Integration of Large-Scale Electric Vehicles into Utility Grid: An Efficient Approach for Impact Analysis and Power Quality Assessment

Author

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  • Md. Mosaraf Hossain Khan

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chattogram 4318, Bangladesh)

  • Amran Hossain

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chattogram 4318, Bangladesh)

  • Aasim Ullah

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chattogram 4318, Bangladesh)

  • Molla Shahadat Hossain Lipu

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
    Centre for Automotive Research (CAR), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • S. M. Shahnewaz Siddiquee

    (Intelligent Efficiency Research Group (IERG), School of Engineering, University College Cork, T12HY8E Cork, Ireland)

  • M. Shafiul Alam

    (K.A.CARE Energy Research & Innovation Center (ERIC), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia)

  • Taskin Jamal

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh
    School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK)

  • Hafiz Ahmed

    (Nuclear Futures Institute, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 1UT, UK)

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) have received massive consideration in the automotive industries due to their improved performance, efficiency and capability to minimize global warming and carbon emission impacts. The utilization of EVs has several potential benefits, such as increased use of renewable energy, less dependency on fossil-fuel-based power generations and energy-storage capability. Although EVs can significantly mitigate global carbon emissions, it is challenging to maintain power balance during charging on-peak hours. Thus, it mandates a comprehensive impact analysis of high-level electric vehicle penetration in utility grids. This paper investigates the impacts of large-scale EV penetration on low voltage distribution, considering the charging time, charging method and characteristics. Several charging scenarios are considered for EVs’ integration into the utility grid regarding power demand, voltage profile, power quality and system adequacy. A lookup-table-based charging approach for EVs is proposed for impact analysis, while considering a large-scale integration. It is observed that the bus voltage and line current are affected during high-level charging and discharging of the EVs. The residential grid voltage sag increases by about 1.96% to 1.77%, 2.21%, 1.96 to 1.521% and 1.93% in four EV-charging profiles, respectively. The finding of this work can be adopted in designing optimal charging/discharging of EVs to minimize the impacts on bus voltage and line current.

Suggested Citation

  • Md. Mosaraf Hossain Khan & Amran Hossain & Aasim Ullah & Molla Shahadat Hossain Lipu & S. M. Shahnewaz Siddiquee & M. Shafiul Alam & Taskin Jamal & Hafiz Ahmed, 2021. "Integration of Large-Scale Electric Vehicles into Utility Grid: An Efficient Approach for Impact Analysis and Power Quality Assessment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-18, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:19:p:10943-:d:648299
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Md. Shafiul Alam & Tanzi Ahmed Chowdhury & Abhishak Dhar & Fahad Saleh Al-Ismail & M. S. H. Choudhury & Md Shafiullah & Md. Ismail Hossain & Md. Alamgir Hossain & Aasim Ullah & Syed Masiur Rahman, 2023. "Solar and Wind Energy Integrated System Frequency Control: A Critical Review on Recent Developments," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-31, January.
    2. Pampa Sinha & Kaushik Paul & Sanchari Deb & Sulabh Sachan, 2023. "Comprehensive Review Based on the Impact of Integrating Electric Vehicle and Renewable Energy Sources to the Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-39, March.
    3. Çelik, Doğan & Meral, Mehmet Emin, 2022. "A coordinated virtual impedance control scheme for three phase four leg inverters of electric vehicle to grid (V2G)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).

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