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Environmental Assessment of an Urban Vertical Hydroponic Farming System in Sweden

Author

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  • Michael Martin

    (IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Valhallavägen 81, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Elvira Molin

    (IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Valhallavägen 81, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
    KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, Teknikringen 34, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden)

Abstract

With an expanding population and changing dynamics in global food markets, it is important to find solutions for more resilient food production methods closer to urban environments. Recently, vertical farming systems have emerged as a potential solution for urban farming. However, although there is an increasing body of literature reviewing the potential of urban and vertical farming systems, only a limited number of studies have reviewed the sustainability of these systems. The aim of this article was to understand the environmental impacts of vertical hydroponic farming in urban environments applied to a case study vertical hydroponic farm in Stockholm, Sweden. This was carried out by evaluating environmental performance using a life cycle perspective to assess the environmental impacts and comparing to potential scenarios for improvement options. The results suggest that important aspects for the vertical hydroponic system include the growing medium, pots, electricity demand, the transportation of raw materials and product deliveries. By replacing plastic pots with paper pots, large reductions in GHG emissions, acidification impacts, and abiotic resource depletion are possible. Replacing conventional gardening soil as the growing medium with coir also leads to large environmental impact reductions. However, in order to further reduce the impacts from the system, more resource-efficient steps will be needed to improve impacts from electricity demand, and there is potential to develop more symbiotic exchanges to employ urban wastes and by-products.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Martin & Elvira Molin, 2019. "Environmental Assessment of an Urban Vertical Hydroponic Farming System in Sweden," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-14, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:15:p:4124-:d:253267
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    8. Bouadila, Salwa & Baddadi, Sara & Skouri, Safa & Ayed, Rabeb, 2022. "Assessing heating and cooling needs of hydroponic sheltered system in mediterranean climate: A case study sustainable fodder production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).
    9. Edwin Villagran & Rommel Leon & Andrea Rodriguez & Jorge Jaramillo, 2020. "3D Numerical Analysis of the Natural Ventilation Behavior in a Colombian Greenhouse Established in Warm Climate Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-27, October.
    10. Neiko V. Nikolov & Atanas Z. Atanasov & Boris I. Evstatiev & Valentin N. Vladut & Sorin-Stefan Biris, 2023. "Design of a Small-Scale Hydroponic System for Indoor Farming of Leafy Vegetables," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-13, June.
    11. Hemeng Zhou & Kathrin Specht & Caitlin K. Kirby, 2022. "Consumers’ and Stakeholders’ Acceptance of Indoor Agritecture in Shanghai (China)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-28, February.
    12. Heino Pesch & Louis Louw, 2023. "Evaluating the Economic Feasibility of Plant Factory Scenarios That Produce Biomass for Biorefining Processes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-36, January.
    13. Xu, Zhitao & Elomri, Adel & Al-Ansari, Tareq & Kerbache, Laoucine & El Mekkawy, Tarek, 2022. "Decisions on design and planning of solar-assisted hydroponic farms under various subsidy schemes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
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