IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i3p1344-d733619.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT): Validity Evidence from Brazil and Portugal

Author

Listed:
  • Jorge Sinval

    (Business Research Unit (BRU-IUL), Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal
    William James Center for Research, ISPA—Instituto Universitário, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
    Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Languages of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
    Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Ana Claudia S. Vazquez

    (Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil)

  • Claudio Simon Hutz

    (Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-002, RS, Brazil)

  • Wilmar B. Schaufeli

    (Research Unit Occupational & Organizational Psychology and Professional Learning KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
    Department of Psychology, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands)

  • Sílvia Silva

    (Business Research Unit (BRU-IUL), Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal)

Abstract

The Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) has been gaining increased attention as a sound and innovative instrument in its conceptualization of burnout. BAT has been adapted for several countries, revealing promising validity evidence. This paper aims to present the psychometric properties of the Brazilian and Portuguese versions of the BAT in both the 23-item and 12-item versions. BAT’s validity evidence based on the internal structure (dimensionality, reliability, and measurement invariance) and validity evidence based on the relations to other variables are the focus of research. A cross-sectional study was conducted with two non-probabilistic convenience samples from two countries ( N = 3103) one from Brazil ( n Brazil = 2217) and one from Portugal ( n Portugal = 886). BAT’s original structure was confirmed, and it achieved measurement invariance across countries. Using both classic test theory and item response theory as frameworks, the BAT presented good validity evidence based on the internal structure. Furthermore, the BAT showed good convergent evidence (i.e., work engagement, co-worker support, role clarity, work overload, and negative change). In conclusion, the psychometric properties of the BAT make this freely available instrument a promising way to measure and compare burnout levels of Portuguese and Brazilian workers.

Suggested Citation

  • Jorge Sinval & Ana Claudia S. Vazquez & Claudio Simon Hutz & Wilmar B. Schaufeli & Sílvia Silva, 2022. "Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT): Validity Evidence from Brazil and Portugal," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-25, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1344-:d:733619
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/3/1344/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/3/1344/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Giacomo Angelini & Ilaria Buonomo & Paula Benevene & Piermarco Consiglio & Luciano Romano & Caterina Fiorilli, 2021. "The Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT): A Contribution to Italian Validation with Teachers’," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-18, August.
    2. Rosseel, Yves, 2012. "lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 48(i02).
    3. Lizano, Erica L. & Mor Barak, Michalle, 2015. "Job burnout and affective wellbeing: A longitudinal study of burnout and job satisfaction among public child welfare workers," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 18-28.
    4. Luca A Morgantini & Ushasi Naha & Heng Wang & Simone Francavilla & Ömer Acar & Jose M Flores & Simone Crivellaro & Daniel Moreira & Michael Abern & Martin Eklund & Hari T Vigneswaran & Stevan M Weine, 2020. "Factors contributing to healthcare professional burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid turnaround global survey," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(9), pages 1-11, September.
    5. Leon T. de Beer & Wilmar B. Schaufeli & Hans De Witte & Jari J. Hakanen & Akihito Shimazu & Jürgen Glaser & Christian Seubert & Janine Bosak & Jorge Sinval & Maksim Rudnev, 2020. "Measurement Invariance of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) Across Seven Cross-National Representative Samples," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-14, August.
    6. Jorge Sinval & M. Joseph Sirgy & Dong-Jin Lee & João Marôco, 2020. "The Quality of Work Life Scale: Validity Evidence from Brazil and Portugal," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 15(5), pages 1323-1351, November.
    7. Albert Satorra & Peter Bentler, 2001. "A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 66(4), pages 507-514, December.
    8. Wilmar B. Schaufeli & Steffie Desart & Hans De Witte, 2020. "Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT)—Development, Validity, and Reliability," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-21, December.
    9. Andrea M. Vinueza-Solórzano & Cecilia Alexandra Portalanza-Chavarría & Clarissa P. P. de Freitas & Wilmar B. Schaufeli & Hans De Witte & Claudio S. Hutz & Ana Claudia Souza Vazquez, 2021. "The Ecuadorian Version of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT): Adaptation and Validation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-15, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Abiúd Nunes & Ana Palma-Moreira, 2024. "Toxic Leadership and Turnover Intentions: The Role of Burnout Syndrome," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-22, December.
    2. Caterina Fiorilli & Daniela Barni & Claudia Russo & Vanessa Marchetti & Giacomo Angelini & Luciano Romano, 2022. "Students’ Burnout at University: The Role of Gender and Worker Status," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-15, September.
    3. Greta Mazzetti & Chiara Consiglio & Ferdinando Paolo Santarpia & Laura Borgogni & Dina Guglielmi & Wilmar B. Schaufeli, 2022. "Italian Validation of the 12-Item Version of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT-12)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-16, July.
    4. George S. Androulakis & Dimitra Ap. Georgiou & Olga Lainidi & Anthony Montgomery & Wilmar B. Schaufeli, 2023. "The Greek Burnout Assessment Tool: Examining Its Adaptation and Validity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-11, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. George S. Androulakis & Dimitra Ap. Georgiou & Olga Lainidi & Anthony Montgomery & Wilmar B. Schaufeli, 2023. "The Greek Burnout Assessment Tool: Examining Its Adaptation and Validity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-11, May.
    2. Greta Mazzetti & Chiara Consiglio & Ferdinando Paolo Santarpia & Laura Borgogni & Dina Guglielmi & Wilmar B. Schaufeli, 2022. "Italian Validation of the 12-Item Version of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT-12)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-16, July.
    3. Chiara Consiglio & Greta Mazzetti & Wilmar B. Schaufeli, 2021. "Psychometric Properties of the Italian Version of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-21, September.
    4. Sai-fu Fung & Esther Oi-wah Chow & Chau-kiu Cheung, 2020. "Development and Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of a Brief Wisdom Development Scale," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-14, April.
    5. Jorge Sinval & M. Joseph Sirgy & Dong-Jin Lee & João Marôco, 2020. "The Quality of Work Life Scale: Validity Evidence from Brazil and Portugal," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 15(5), pages 1323-1351, November.
    6. Yang, Yang & Liu, Qing & Chang, Chia-Hsun, 2023. "China-Europe freight transportation under the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic and government restriction measures," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    7. Andrea M. Vinueza-Solórzano & Cecilia Alexandra Portalanza-Chavarría & Clarissa P. P. de Freitas & Wilmar B. Schaufeli & Hans De Witte & Claudio S. Hutz & Ana Claudia Souza Vazquez, 2021. "The Ecuadorian Version of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT): Adaptation and Validation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-15, July.
    8. Leon T. de Beer, 2021. "Is There Utility in Specifying Professional Efficacy as an Outcome of Burnout in the Employee Health Impairment Process," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-9, June.
    9. Edgar Merkle & Jinyan Fan & Achim Zeileis, 2014. "Testing for Measurement Invariance with Respect to an Ordinal Variable," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 79(4), pages 569-584, October.
    10. Eleonora Gambaro & Carla Gramaglia & Debora Marangon & Danila Azzolina & Manuela Probo & Marco Rudoni & Patrizia Zeppegno, 2021. "The Mediating Role of Gender, Age, COVID-19 Symptoms and Changing of Mansion on the Mental Health of Healthcare Workers Operating in Italy during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-18, December.
    11. Sebastián Fierro-Suero & Bartolomé J. Almagro & Pedro Sáenz-López & José Carmona-Márquez, 2020. "Perceived Novelty Support and Psychological Needs Satisfaction in Physical Education," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-14, June.
    12. Nick Lin-Hi & Marlene Reimer & Katharina Schäfer & Johanna Böttcher, 2023. "Consumer acceptance of cultured meat: an empirical analysis of the role of organizational factors," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, vol. 93(4), pages 707-746, May.
    13. Cristina G. Dumitrache & Laura Rubio & José Luis Cabezas Casado & Eulogio Cordón-Pozo, 2022. "Psychometric properties and factor structure of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey Instrument in a sample of Spanish older adults," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 143-154, March.
    14. Fike, Kayla J. & Mattis, Jacqueline S. & Nickodem, Kyle & Guillaume, Casta, 2023. "Black adolescent altruism: Exploring the role of racial discrimination and empathy," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    15. Sonia Nawrocka & Hans De Witte & Margherita Brondino & Margherita Pasini, 2021. "On the Reciprocal Relationship between Quantitative and Qualitative Job Insecurity and Outcomes. Testing a Cross-Lagged Longitudinal Mediation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-28, June.
    16. Myrsini Katsikatsou & Irini Moustaki, 2016. "Pairwise Likelihood Ratio Tests and Model Selection Criteria for Structural Equation Models with Ordinal Variables," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 81(4), pages 1046-1068, December.
    17. Mayerl, Hannes & Stolz, Erwin & Freidl, Wolfgang, 2020. "Frailty and depression: Reciprocal influences or common causes?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    18. José Manuel Sabucedo & Marcos Dono & Dmitry Grigoryev & Cristina Gómez-Román & Mónica Alzate, 2019. "Axiological-Identitary Collective Action Model (AICAM): A new integrative perspective in the analysis of protest," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(6), pages 1-17, June.
    19. Bence Csaba Farkas & Valérian Chambon & Pierre O. Jacquet, 2022. "Do perceived control and time orientation mediate the effect of early life adversity on reproductive behaviour and health status? Insights from the European Value Study and the European Social Survey," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-14, December.
    20. Marco Guerci & Adelien Decramer & Thomas Waeyenberg & Ina Aust, 2019. "Moving Beyond the Link Between HRM and Economic Performance: A Study on the Individual Reactions of HR Managers and Professionals to Sustainable HRM," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 160(3), pages 783-800, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1344-:d:733619. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.