IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i16p9065-d613665.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT): A Contribution to Italian Validation with Teachers’

Author

Listed:
  • Giacomo Angelini

    (Department of Human Sciences, University of Rome, LUMSA, 00193 Rome, Italy)

  • Ilaria Buonomo

    (Department of Human Sciences, University of Rome, LUMSA, 00193 Rome, Italy)

  • Paula Benevene

    (Department of Human Sciences, University of Rome, LUMSA, 00193 Rome, Italy)

  • Piermarco Consiglio

    (Department of Human Sciences, University of Rome, LUMSA, 00193 Rome, Italy)

  • Luciano Romano

    (Department of Human Sciences, University of Rome, LUMSA, 00193 Rome, Italy)

  • Caterina Fiorilli

    (Department of Human Sciences, University of Rome, LUMSA, 00193 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

This study aims to validate the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) adapted to the Italian education sector. Teacher burnout is physical and emotional pain, due to prolonged exposure to school-related stress factors. Previous research has abundantly proven that preventive assessment of teachers’ risk level for burnout may reduce adverse outcomes. In this regard, new assessment tools, able to bring together evidence from fifty years of research on this topic, were mainly used to monitor burnout-risk levels in the school context. For the present work, 846 Italian teachers (Female, 91.1%; M age = 47.52; SD = 9.94) were involved in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a four-factor structure for the core dimensions (BAT-C; exhaustion, mental distance, emotional impairment, cognitive impairment), and a two-factor structure for the secondary dimensions (BAT-S; psychological distress, psychosomatic complaints). The Italian version of the BAT-C and BAT-S has shown good internal consistency (respectively, α = 0.900 and ω = 0.913; α = 0.845 and ω = 0.857) and validity (all correlations between variables showed a p value < 0.01). Our findings support the Italian adaptation of the original version of the BAT as a valid instrument for measuring teachers’ burnout through principal and secondary symptoms.

Suggested Citation

  • Giacomo Angelini & Ilaria Buonomo & Paula Benevene & Piermarco Consiglio & Luciano Romano & Caterina Fiorilli, 2021. "The Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT): A Contribution to Italian Validation with Teachers’," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-18, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:16:p:9065-:d:613665
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/16/9065/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/16/9065/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Emina Hadžibajramović & Wilmar Schaufeli & Hans De Witte, 2020. "A Rasch analysis of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT)," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(11), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Lee Cronbach, 1951. "Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 16(3), pages 297-334, September.
    3. Stanley Sclove, 1987. "Application of model-selection criteria to some problems in multivariate analysis," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 52(3), pages 333-343, September.
    4. Ledyard Tucker & Charles Lewis, 1973. "A reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analysis," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 38(1), pages 1-10, March.
    5. William Revelle & Richard Zinbarg, 2009. "Coefficients Alpha, Beta, Omega, and the glb: Comments on Sijtsma," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 74(1), pages 145-154, March.
    6. Samuel Green & Yanyun Yang, 2009. "Commentary on Coefficient Alpha: A Cautionary Tale," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 74(1), pages 121-135, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ilaria Buonomo & Paolo Emilio Santoro & Paula Benevene & Ivan Borrelli & Giacomo Angelini & Caterina Fiorilli & Maria Rosaria Gualano & Umberto Moscato, 2022. "Buffering the Effects of Burnout on Healthcare Professionals’ Health—The Mediating Role of Compassionate Relationships at Work in the COVID Era," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Roald Pijpker & Philipp Kerksieck & Martin Tušl & Jessica de Bloom & Rebecca Brauchli & Georg F. Bauer, 2022. "The Role of Off-Job Crafting in Burnout Prevention during COVID-19 Crisis: A Longitudinal Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-14, February.
    3. Caterina Fiorilli & Daniela Barni & Claudia Russo & Vanessa Marchetti & Giacomo Angelini & Luciano Romano, 2022. "Students’ Burnout at University: The Role of Gender and Worker Status," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-15, September.
    4. Jorge Sinval & Ana Claudia S. Vazquez & Claudio Simon Hutz & Wilmar B. Schaufeli & Sílvia Silva, 2022. "Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT): Validity Evidence from Brazil and Portugal," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-25, January.
    5. Ilaria Buonomo & Martina Pansini & Sara Cervai & Paula Benevene, 2022. "Compassionate Work Environments and Their Role in Teachers’ Life Satisfaction: The Contribution of Perceived Collective School Performance and Burnout," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-14, October.
    6. George S. Androulakis & Dimitra Ap. Georgiou & Olga Lainidi & Anthony Montgomery & Wilmar B. Schaufeli, 2023. "The Greek Burnout Assessment Tool: Examining Its Adaptation and Validity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-11, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Markus Pauly & Maria Umlauft & Ali Ünlü, 2018. "Resampling-Based Inference Methods for Comparing Two Coefficients Alpha," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 83(1), pages 203-222, March.
    2. Gaetano Martino & Giulia Giacchè & Enrica Rossetti, 2016. "Organizing the Co-Production of Health and Environmental Values in Food Production: The Constitutional Processes in the Relationships between Italian Solidarity Purchasing Groups and Farmers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-22, March.
    3. Sai-fu Fung & Esther Oi-wah Chow & Chau-kiu Cheung, 2020. "Development and Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of a Brief Wisdom Development Scale," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-14, April.
    4. Klaas Sijtsma, 2012. "Future of Psychometrics: Ask What Psychometrics Can Do for Psychology," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 77(1), pages 4-20, January.
    5. Dyego Carlos Souza Anacleto de Araújo & Sylmara Nayara Pereira & Willian Melo dos Santos & Pedro Wlisses dos Santos Menezes & Kérilin Stancine dos Santos Rocha & Sabrina Cerqueira-Santos & André Faro , 2021. "Brazilian version of the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension: Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation among healthcare students," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(2), pages 1-13, February.
    6. Sam S. S. Lau & Cherry C. Y. Ho & Rebecca C. K. Pang & Susan Su & Heather Kwok & Sai-fu Fung & Roger C. Ho, 2022. "COVID-19 Burnout Subject to the Dynamic Zero-COVID Policy in Hong Kong: Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the COVID-19 Burnout Frequency Scale," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-13, July.
    7. Mohammed Ali Sharafuddin & Meena Madhavan & Thanapong Chaichana, 2022. "The Effects of Innovation Adoption and Social Factors between Sustainable Supply Chain Management Practices and Sustainable Firm Performance: A Moderated Mediation Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-30, July.
    8. Gary Kleinman & Dan Palmon & Picheng Lee, 2003. "The Effects of Personal and Group Level Factors on the Outcomes of Simulated Auditor and Client Teams," Group Decision and Negotiation, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 57-84, January.
    9. Brashear, Thomas G. & Brooks, Charles M. & Boles, James S., 2004. "Distributive and procedural justice in a sales force context: Scale development and validation," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 57(1), pages 86-93, January.
    10. Goichi Hagiwara & Kayoko Kurita & Shinichi Warisawa & Satori Hachisuka & Jim Ueda & Kensuke Ehara & Katsuhiko Ishikawa & Kosei Inoue & Daisuke Akiyama & Masakatsu Nakada & Masafumi Fujii, 2022. "Competencies That Japanese Collegiate Sports Coaches Require for Dual-Career Support for Student Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-14, September.
    11. Jeanne A. Teresi & Katja Ocepek-Welikson & John A. Toner & Marjorie Kleinman & Mildred Ramirez & Joseph P. Eimicke & Barry J. Gurland & Albert Siu, 2017. "Methodological Issues in Measuring Subjective Well-Being and Quality-of-Life: Applications to Assessment of Affect in Older, Chronically and Cognitively Impaired, Ethnically Diverse Groups Using the F," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 12(2), pages 251-288, June.
    12. Manuel García-Alonso & Miguel Ángel Gallardo-Vigil & Patricia Melgar Alcantud & Adrián Segura-Robles, 2020. "Social axioms on high school students in the North African context: Validation and fit of the SAS-II," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(11), pages 1-13, November.
    13. David J. Hessen, 2017. "Lower Bounds to the Reliabilities of Factor Score Estimators," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 82(3), pages 648-659, September.
    14. E. Cools & H. Van Den Broeck & D. Bouckenooghe, 2006. "The Cognitive Style Indicator: Development and validation of a new measurement instrument," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 06/379, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration.
    15. Godfred O Boateng & Shalean M Collins & Patrick Mbullo & Pauline Wekesa & Maricianah Onono & Torsten B Neilands & Sera L Young, 2018. "A novel household water insecurity scale: Procedures and psychometric analysis among postpartum women in western Kenya," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(6), pages 1-28, June.
    16. Pedersen Geir & Johansen Merete Selsbakk & Wilberg Theresa & Karterud Sigmund, 2014. "Testing Different Versions of the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales in a Clinical Sample," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(10), pages 1-13, October.
    17. Eggers, Fabian & Niemand, Thomas & Kraus, Sascha & Breier, Matthias, 2020. "Developing a scale for entrepreneurial marketing: Revealing its inner frame and prediction of performance," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 72-82.
    18. Xiaoyu Yu & Yi. Chen & Bang Nguyen, 2014. "Knowledge Management, Learning Behavior from Failure and New Product Development in New Technology Ventures," Systems Research and Behavioral Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(3), pages 405-423, May.
    19. Piotr Tarka, 2019. "A scale for testing of knowledge on the effective marketing research processes: multiple-group confirmatory (MGCFA) and multiple indicators-multiple causes (MIMIC) approach," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 7(2), pages 94-121, June.
    20. Mohammad Abu-Zaineh & Maame Esi Woode, 2018. "Investigating the Dimensions of Youth Wellbeing: An Exploratory Structural Equation Modelling Approach Applied to Palestine," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(1), pages 57-78, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:16:p:9065-:d:613665. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.