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Effects of Freestream Turbulence in a Model Wind Turbine Wake

Author

Listed:
  • Yaqing Jin

    (Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA)

  • Huiwen Liu

    (College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China)

  • Rajan Aggarwal

    (Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA)

  • Arvind Singh

    (Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA)

  • Leonardo P. Chamorro

    (Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
    Aerospace Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
    Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA)

Abstract

The flow structure in the wake of a model wind turbine is explored under negligible and high turbulence in the freestream region of a wind tunnel at R e ∼ 7 × 10 4 . Attention is placed on the evolution of the integral scale and the contribution of the large-scale motions from the background flow. Hotwire anemometry was used to obtain the streamwise velocity at various streamwise and spanwise locations. The pre-multiplied spectral difference of the velocity fluctuations between the two cases shows a significant energy contribution from the background turbulence on scales larger than the rotor diameter. The integral scale along the rotor axis is found to grow linearly with distance, independent of the incoming turbulence levels. This scale appears to reach that of the incoming flow in the high turbulence case at x / d ∼ 35–40. The energy contribution from the turbine to the large-scale flow structures in the low turbulence case increases monotonically with distance. Its growth rate is reduced past x / d ∼ 6–7. There, motions larger than the rotor contribute ∼ 50 % of the total energy, suggesting that the population of large-scale motions is more intense in the intermediate field. In contrast, the wake in the high incoming turbulence is quickly populated with large-scale motions and plateau at x / d ∼ 3 .

Suggested Citation

  • Yaqing Jin & Huiwen Liu & Rajan Aggarwal & Arvind Singh & Leonardo P. Chamorro, 2016. "Effects of Freestream Turbulence in a Model Wind Turbine Wake," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:10:p:830-:d:80583
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Göçmen, Tuhfe & Laan, Paul van der & Réthoré, Pierre-Elouan & Diaz, Alfredo Peña & Larsen, Gunner Chr. & Ott, Søren, 2016. "Wind turbine wake models developed at the technical university of Denmark: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 752-769.
    2. Leonardo P. Chamorro & Fernando Porté-Agel, 2011. "Turbulent Flow Inside and Above a Wind Farm: A Wind-Tunnel Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 4(11), pages 1-21, November.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Victor P. Stein & Hans-Jakob Kaltenbach, 2022. "Validation of a Large-Eddy Simulation Approach for Prediction of the Ground Roughness Influence on Wind Turbine Wakes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-25, April.
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    8. Öztürk, Buğrahan & Hassanein, Abdelrahman & Akpolat, M Tuğrul & Abdulrahim, Anas & Perçin, Mustafa & Uzol, Oğuz, 2023. "On the wake characteristics of a model wind turbine and a porous disc: Effects of freestream turbulence intensity," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 238-250.
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    10. Emmanuvel Joseph Aju & Dhanush Bhamitipadi Suresh & Yaqing Jin, 2020. "The Influence of Winglet Pitching on the Performance of a Model Wind Turbine: Aerodynamic Loads, Rotating Speed, and Wake Statistics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-15, October.
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    14. Buen Zhang & Shyuan Cheng & Fanghan Lu & Yuan Zheng & Leonardo P. Chamorro, 2020. "Impact of Topographic Steps in the Wake and Power of a Wind Turbine: Part A—Statistics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-14, December.
    15. Liang, Xiaoling & Fu, Shifeng & Cai, Fulin & Han, Xingxing & Zhu, Weijun & Yang, Hua & Shen, Wenzhong, 2023. "Experimental investigation on wake characteristics of wind turbine and a new two-dimensional wake model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 373-381.
    16. Neunaber, Ingrid & Hölling, Michael & Whale, Jonathan & Peinke, Joachim, 2021. "Comparison of the turbulence in the wakes of an actuator disc and a model wind turbine by higher order statistics: A wind tunnel study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1650-1662.
    17. Xiaolei Yang & Daniel Foti & Christopher Kelley & David Maniaci & Fotis Sotiropoulos, 2020. "Wake Statistics of Different-Scale Wind Turbines under Turbulent Boundary Layer Inflow," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-17, June.
    18. Huiwen Liu & Imran Hayat & Yaqing Jin & Leonardo P. Chamorro, 2018. "On the Evolution of the Integral Time Scale within Wind Farms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-11, January.
    19. Shyuan Cheng & Mahmoud Elgendi & Fanghan Lu & Leonardo P. Chamorro, 2021. "On the Wind Turbine Wake and Forest Terrain Interaction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-13, November.

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