IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i15p5828-d1211494.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Alternative Methods of Replacing Electric Batteries in Public Transport Vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Dariusz Masłowski

    (Faculty of Production Engineering and Logistics, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska Street 76, 45-267 Opole, Poland)

  • Ewa Kulińska

    (Faculty of Production Engineering and Logistics, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska Street 76, 45-267 Opole, Poland)

  • Łukasz Krzewicki

    (Faculty of Production Engineering and Logistics, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska Street 76, 45-267 Opole, Poland)

Abstract

Current electric vehicle solutions offer the possibility of a fully electrified bus fleet, although due to financial constraints, most cities cannot afford it. Therefore, the possibility of battery replacement is a needed alternative to the electrification process of a city’s bus fleet. The aim of this study is to investigate the needs of cities and present the concept of battery replacement in an electric bus. The research was based on two groups of selected Polish cities: (1) up to 150,000 inhabitants, and (2) up to 1 million inhabitants. The research part includes an analysis of the means of transport in provincial cities in Poland, an analysis of the kilometers covered by the city fleet, the average distances covered by buses per day, and an estimate of the number of battery replacements. The concept is based on current technological solutions. The description of the concept includes the proposed battery and the technology used, the placement of the battery in the vehicle, and the replacement scheme. Research indicates that the concept can be used with existing technology but will be more justifiable for a larger city due to the higher fleet load. The paper shows the importance of researching bus electrification solutions and that modern solutions can improve existing urban networks in cities.

Suggested Citation

  • Dariusz Masłowski & Ewa Kulińska & Łukasz Krzewicki, 2023. "Alternative Methods of Replacing Electric Batteries in Public Transport Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-22, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:15:p:5828-:d:1211494
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/15/5828/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/15/5828/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Basma, Hussein & Mansour, Charbel & Haddad, Marc & Nemer, Maroun & Stabat, Pascal, 2020. "Comprehensive energy modeling methodology for battery electric buses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    2. Nunes, Pedro & Farias, Tiago & Brito, Miguel C., 2015. "Day charging electric vehicles with excess solar electricity for a sustainable energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 263-274.
    3. Daraio, Cinzia & Diana, Marco & Di Costa, Flavia & Leporelli, Claudio & Matteucci, Giorgio & Nastasi, Alberto, 2016. "Efficiency and effectiveness in the urban public transport sector: A critical review with directions for future research," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 248(1), pages 1-20.
    4. Gao, Zhiming & Lin, Zhenhong & LaClair, Tim J. & Liu, Changzheng & Li, Jan-Mou & Birky, Alicia K. & Ward, Jacob, 2017. "Battery capacity and recharging needs for electric buses in city transit service," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 588-600.
    5. Stanisław KRAWIEC & Bogusław ŁAZARZ & Sylwester MARKUSIK & Grzegorz KAROŃ & Grzegorz SIERPIŃSKI & Krzysztof KRAWIEC & Ryszard JANECKI, 2016. "Urban Public Transport With The Use Of Electric Buses – Development Tendencies," Transport Problems, Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Transport, vol. 11(4), pages 127-137, December.
    6. Ahmed A. S. Mohamed & Ahmed A. Shaier & Hamid Metwally & Sameh I. Selem, 2022. "An Overview of Dynamic Inductive Charging for Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-59, August.
    7. Wanjie Hu & Jianjun Dong & Bon-gang Hwang & Rui Ren & Zhilong Chen, 2019. "A Scientometrics Review on City Logistics Literature: Research Trends, Advanced Theory and Practice," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-27, May.
    8. Jeanette Steinmann & Brian Wilson, 2023. "The underground bicycle economy: an exploration of social supports and economic resources that Vancouver’s homeless and variably-housed cyclists utilize," Mobilities, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(2), pages 202-217, March.
    9. Ma, Xiaolei & Miao, Ran & Wu, Xinkai & Liu, Xianglong, 2021. "Examining influential factors on the energy consumption of electric and diesel buses: A data-driven analysis of large-scale public transit network in Beijing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    10. Feng Mao & Zhiheng Li & Kai Zhang, 2021. "A Comparison of Carbon Dioxide Emissions between Battery Electric Buses and Conventional Diesel Buses," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-15, May.
    11. Sajib Chakraborty & Hai-Nam Vu & Mohammed Mahedi Hasan & Dai-Duong Tran & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2019. "DC-DC Converter Topologies for Electric Vehicles, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Fast Charging Stations: State of the Art and Future Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-43, April.
    12. Koh, S.C.L. & Smith, L. & Miah, J. & Astudillo, D. & Eufrasio, R.M. & Gladwin, D. & Brown, S. & Stone, D., 2021. "Higher 2nd life Lithium Titanate battery content in hybrid energy storage systems lowers environmental-economic impact and balances eco-efficiency," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    13. Francesco Russo & Antonio Comi, 2020. "Investigating the Effects of City Logistics Measures on the Economy of the City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-11, February.
    14. Man Chen & Qiujuan Sun & Yongqi Li & Ke Wu & Bangjin Liu & Peng Peng & Qingsong Wang, 2015. "A Thermal Runaway Simulation on a Lithium Titanate Battery and the Battery Module," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-11, January.
    15. Boud Verbrugge & Mohammed Mahedi Hasan & Haaris Rasool & Thomas Geury & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2021. "Smart Integration of Electric Buses in Cities: A Technological Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-23, November.
    16. Chen, Chia-Lin, 2018. "Tram development and urban transport integration in Chinese cities: A case study of Suzhou," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 15(C), pages 16-31.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Boud Verbrugge & Mohammed Mahedi Hasan & Haaris Rasool & Thomas Geury & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2021. "Smart Integration of Electric Buses in Cities: A Technological Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-23, November.
    2. Basma, Hussein & Mansour, Charbel & Haddad, Marc & Nemer, Maroun & Stabat, Pascal, 2022. "Energy consumption and battery sizing for different types of electric bus service," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PE).
    3. Ewa Hącia & Natalia Wagner & Aleksandra Łapko, 2022. "The Importance of City Logistics for Urban Tourism Development: Searching for a New Research Field," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-17, December.
    4. Basma, Hussein & Haddad, Marc & Mansour, Charbel & Nemer, Maroun & Stabat, Pascal, 2022. "Evaluation of the techno-economic performance of battery electric buses: Case study of a bus line in paris," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    5. Viana-Fons, Joan Dídac & Payá, Jorge, 2024. "HVAC system operation, consumption and compressor size optimization in urban buses of Mediterranean cities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    6. Bruno Dalla Chiara & Giovanni Pede & Francesco Deflorio & Marco Zanini, 2023. "Electrifying Buses for Public Transport: Boundaries with a Performance Analysis Based on Method and Experience," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-33, September.
    7. Haaris Rasool & Boud Verbrugge & Shahid Jaman & Ekaterina Abramushkina & Thomas Geury & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "Design and Real-Time Implementation of a Control System for SiC Off-Board Chargers of Battery Electric Buses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-19, February.
    8. Carola Leone & Laura Sturaro & Giacomo Geroli & Michela Longo & Wahiba Yaici, 2021. "Design and Implementation of an Electric Skibus Line in North Italy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-22, November.
    9. Mikołaj Bartłomiejczyk & Marcin Połom, 2021. "Possibilities for Developing Electromobility by Using Autonomously Powered Trolleybuses Based on the Example of Gdynia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-23, May.
    10. Lim, Lek Keng & Muis, Zarina Ab & Ho, Wai Shin & Hashim, Haslenda & Bong, Cassendra Phun Chien, 2023. "Review of the energy forecasting and scheduling model for electric buses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).
    11. Basso, Franco & Feijoo, Felipe & Pezoa, Raúl & Varas, Mauricio & Vidal, Brian, 2024. "The impact of electromobility in public transport: An estimation of energy consumption using disaggregated data in Santiago, Chile," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    12. Ali Saadon Al-Ogaili & Ali Q. Al-Shetwi & Hussein M. K. Al-Masri & Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu & Yap Hoon & Khaled Alzaareer & N. V. Phanendra Babu, 2021. "Review of the Estimation Methods of Energy Consumption for Battery Electric Buses," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-28, November.
    13. Armel Asongu Nkembi & Paolo Cova & Emilio Sacchi & Emanuele Coraggioso & Nicola Delmonte, 2023. "A Comprehensive Review of Power Converters for E-Mobility," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-28, February.
    14. Mohammad Zaher Akkad & Tamás Bányai, 2020. "Multi-Objective Approach for Optimization of City Logistics Considering Energy Efficiency," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-23, September.
    15. Krzysztof KRAWIEC, 2021. "Vehicle Cycle Hierarchization Model To Determine The Order Of Battery Electric Bus Deployment In Public Transport," Transport Problems, Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Transport, vol. 16(1), pages 99-112, March.
    16. Chen, Haoqian & Sui, Yi & Shang, Wen-long & Sun, Rencheng & Chen, Zhiheng & Wang, Changying & Han, Chunjia & Zhang, Yuqian & Zhang, Haoran, 2022. "Towards renewable public transport: Mining the performance of electric buses using solar-radiation as an auxiliary power source," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).
    17. Østergaard, P.A. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Sorknæs, P. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2022. "Review and validation of EnergyPLAN," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    18. K. S. Reddy & S. Aravindhan & Tapas K. Mallick, 2017. "Techno-Economic Investigation of Solar Powered Electric Auto-Rickshaw for a Sustainable Transport System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-15, May.
    19. Peter Schnell & Phillip Haag & Hans Christian Jünger, 2022. "Implementation of Digital Technologies in Construction Companies: Establishing a Holistic Process which Addresses Current Barriers," Businesses, MDPI, vol. 3(1), pages 1-18, December.
    20. Chaouachi, Aymen & Bompard, Ettore & Fulli, Gianluca & Masera, Marcelo & De Gennaro, Michele & Paffumi, Elena, 2016. "Assessment framework for EV and PV synergies in emerging distribution systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 719-728.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:15:p:5828-:d:1211494. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.