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Inter-Comparison of Particle and Gaseous Pollutant Emissions of a Euro 4 Motorcycle at Two Laboratories

Author

Listed:
  • Piotr Bielaczyc

    (BOSMAL Automotive R&D Institute Ltd., 43300 Bielsko-Biala, Poland)

  • Wojciech Honkisz

    (BOSMAL Automotive R&D Institute Ltd., 43300 Bielsko-Biala, Poland)

  • Joseph Woodburn

    (BOSMAL Automotive R&D Institute Ltd., 43300 Bielsko-Biala, Poland)

  • Andrzej Szczotka

    (BOSMAL Automotive R&D Institute Ltd., 43300 Bielsko-Biala, Poland)

  • Fabrizio Forloni

    (Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission, 21027 Ispra, Italy)

  • Dominique Lesueur

    (Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission, 21027 Ispra, Italy)

  • Barouch Giechaskiel

    (Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission, 21027 Ispra, Italy)

Abstract

The Euro 4 regulation, applicable since 2016 for L-category vehicles (i.e., two and three-wheelers, and mini cars) reduced the emission limits, but also introduced a new cycle, the WMTC (World Harmonized Motorcycle Test Cycle). The emission studies of Euro 4 motorcycles are limited, and most importantly there are no published studies comparing the results of different laboratories applying the new cycle. In this study we compared the particle and gaseous pollutants of one Euro 4 motorcycle measured in two laboratories in 2017 and 2020. The gaseous pollutant results had a variance (one standard deviation of the means) of 0.5% for CO 2 , 4–19% for CO, NO x , HC (hydrocarbons) and SPN (Solid Particle Number). The particulate matter mass results had higher variance of 50–60%. Additional tests with open configuration to mimic dilution at the tailpipe gave equivalent results to the closed configuration for the gaseous pollutants and SPN. The total particles (including volatiles) had significant differences between the two configurations, with the closed configuration giving higher results. The main conclusion of this study is that the new procedures have very good reproducibility, even for the SPN that is not regulated for L-category vehicles. However, the measurement of total particles needs attention due to the high sensitivity of volatile particles to the sampling conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Piotr Bielaczyc & Wojciech Honkisz & Joseph Woodburn & Andrzej Szczotka & Fabrizio Forloni & Dominique Lesueur & Barouch Giechaskiel, 2021. "Inter-Comparison of Particle and Gaseous Pollutant Emissions of a Euro 4 Motorcycle at Two Laboratories," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:23:p:8101-:d:694406
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    References listed on IDEAS

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