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Evaluation of Waste Plastic Oil-Biodiesel Blends as Alternative Fuels for Diesel Engines

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  • Chalita Kaewbuddee

    (Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Suranaree Sub-District, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand)

  • Ekarong Sukjit

    (Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Suranaree Sub-District, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand)

  • Jiraphon Srisertpol

    (Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Suranaree Sub-District, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand)

  • Somkiat Maithomklang

    (Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Suranaree Sub-District, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand)

  • Khatha Wathakit

    (Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Suranaree Sub-District, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand)

  • Niti Klinkaew

    (Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Suranaree Sub-District, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand)

  • Pansa Liplap

    (Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Suranaree Sub-District, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand)

  • Weerachai Arjharn

    (Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Suranaree Sub-District, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand)

Abstract

This study examined the use of waste plastic oil (WPO) combined with biodiesel as an alternative fuel for diesel engines, also commonly known as compression ignition engines, and focused on comparison of the basic physical and chemical properties of fuels, engine performance, combustion characteristics, and exhaust emissions. A preliminary study was conducted to determine the suitable ratio for the fuel blends in consideration of fuel lubricity and viscosity, and these results indicated that 10% biodiesel—derived from either palm oil or castor oil—in waste plastic oil was optimal. In addition, characterization of the basic properties of these fuel blends revealed that they had higher density and specific gravity and a lower flash point than diesel fuel, while the fuel heating value, viscosity, and cetane index were similar. The fuel blends, comprised of waste plastic oil with either 10% palm oil biodiesel (WPOP10) or 10% castor oil biodiesel (WPOC10), were selected for further investigation in engine tests in which diesel fuel and waste plastic oil were also included as baseline fuels. The experimental results of the performance of the engine showed that the combustion of WPO was similar to diesel fuel for all the tested engine loads and the addition of castor oil as compared to palm oil biodiesel caused a delay in the start of the combustion. Both biodiesel blends slightly improved brake thermal efficiency and smoke emissions with respect to diesel fuel. The addition of biodiesel to WPO tended to reduce the levels of hydrocarbon- and oxide-containing nitrogen emissions. One drawback of adding biodiesel to WPO was increased carbon monoxide and smoke. Comparing the two biodiesels used in the study, the presence of castor oil in waste plastic oil showed lower carbon monoxide and smoke emissions without penalty in terms of increased levels of hydrocarbon- and oxide-containing nitrogen emissions when the engine was operated at high load.

Suggested Citation

  • Chalita Kaewbuddee & Ekarong Sukjit & Jiraphon Srisertpol & Somkiat Maithomklang & Khatha Wathakit & Niti Klinkaew & Pansa Liplap & Weerachai Arjharn, 2020. "Evaluation of Waste Plastic Oil-Biodiesel Blends as Alternative Fuels for Diesel Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-16, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:11:p:2823-:d:366410
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Das, Mithun & Sarkar, Mouktik & Datta, Amitava & Santra, Apurba Kumar, 2018. "An experimental study on the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with diesel-castor oil biodiesel blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 174-184.
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    Cited by:

    1. Khatha Wathakit & Ekarong Sukjit & Chalita Kaewbuddee & Somkiat Maithomklang & Niti Klinkaew & Pansa Liplap & Weerachai Arjharn & Jiraphon Srisertpol, 2021. "Characterization and Impact of Waste Plastic Oil in a Variable Compression Ratio Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-18, April.
    2. Chalita Kaewbuddee & Somkiat Maithomklang & Prasert Aengchuan & Attasit Wiangkham & Niti Klinkaew & Atthaphon Ariyarit & Ekarong Sukjit, 2023. "Effects of Alcohol-Blended Waste Plastic Oil on Engine Performance Characteristics and Emissions of a Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-25, January.
    3. Somkiat Maithomklang & Ekarong Sukjit & Jiraphon Srisertpol & Niti Klinkaew & Khatha Wathakit, 2023. "Pyrolysis Oil Derived from Plastic Bottle Caps: Characterization of Combustion and Emissions in a Diesel Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-21, March.

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