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Scenario Analysis of Urban Road Transportation Energy Demand and GHG Emissions in China—A Case Study for Chongqing

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  • Xianchun Tan

    (Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA)

  • Yuan Zeng

    (Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    Department of Urban Planning, Luskin School of Public Affairs, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA)

  • Baihe Gu

    (Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)

  • Yi Wang

    (Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)

  • Baoguang Xu

    (Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)

Abstract

This study, using Chongqing City of China as an example, predicts the future motor vehicle population using the Gompertz Model and the motorcycle population using the piecewise regression model, and predicts and analyzes fuel consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of motor vehicles from 2016 to 2035 based on the bottom-up method under different scenarios of improving the fuel economy of conventional vehicles, promoting alternative fuel vehicles, and the mixed policy of the above two policy options. The results indicate that the total population of motor vehicles in Chongqing will increase from 4.61 million in 2015 to 10.15 million in 2035. In the business-as-usual scenario, the road-transportation energy demand in Chongqing will keep increasing from 2015 and will peak in 2030, before it begins to decline by 2035. The trends for the tank to wheel (TTW) and well to wheel (WTW) GHG emissions are similar to that of energy demand. The WTW GHG emissions will increase from 24.9 Mt CO 2 e in 2016 to 50.5 Mt CO 2 e in 2030 and will then gradually decline to 48.9 Mt CO 2 e in 2035. Under the policy scenarios of improving fuel economy of conventional fuel passenger cars, promoting alternative fuel vehicles, and their mixed policy, direct energy consumption and TTW and WTW GHG emissions from 2016 to 2035 will be reduced to different levels. It is also found that the two types of policies have a hedging effect on the direct energy-consumption saving, TTW, and WTW GHG emission reductions. Sensitivity analysis of key parameters and policy settings is conducted to investigate the impact of their changes on the vehicle population projection, direct energy demand, and WTW GHG emissions. Some policy implications are suggested to provide reference for the formulation and adjustment of Chongqing’s, or even China’s, low-carbon road transportation policies in the future based on the analysis results.

Suggested Citation

  • Xianchun Tan & Yuan Zeng & Baihe Gu & Yi Wang & Baoguang Xu, 2018. "Scenario Analysis of Urban Road Transportation Energy Demand and GHG Emissions in China—A Case Study for Chongqing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-32, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:6:p:2033-:d:152768
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Piotr Bielaczyc & Wojciech Honkisz & Joseph Woodburn & Andrzej Szczotka & Fabrizio Forloni & Dominique Lesueur & Barouch Giechaskiel, 2021. "Inter-Comparison of Particle and Gaseous Pollutant Emissions of a Euro 4 Motorcycle at Two Laboratories," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-16, December.
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    5. Zhenbao Wang & Sevgi Erdogan & Frederick W. Ducca, 2019. "Evaluating the Efficacy of Zero-Emission Vehicle Deployment Strategies: The Maryland Case," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-15, March.
    6. Idiano D’Adamo & Paolo Rosa, 2019. "A Structured Literature Review on Obsolete Electric Vehicles Management Practices," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-17, December.
    7. Sedar Olmez & Jason Thompson & Ellie Marfleet & Keiran Suchak & Alison Heppenstall & Ed Manley & Annabel Whipp & Rajith Vidanaarachchi, 2022. "An Agent-Based Model of Heterogeneous Driver Behaviour and Its Impact on Energy Consumption and Costs in Urban Space," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-24, May.
    8. Barouch Giechaskiel, 2020. "Gaseous and Particulate Emissions of a Euro 4 Motorcycle and Effect of Driving Style and Open or Closed Sampling Configuration," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-12, November.

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