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Gaseous and Particulate Emissions of a Euro 4 Motorcycle and Effect of Driving Style and Open or Closed Sampling Configuration

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  • Barouch Giechaskiel

    (Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission, 21027 Ispra (VA), Italy)

Abstract

Air pollution remains a serious concern for European citizens. The relative contribution of mopeds and motorcycles to air pollution started to increase as the levels from other vehicles started to decrease. The information on emission levels of Euro 4 motorcycles is limited because they were only recently introduced into the market (2016). In this study, the emissions of a 1 L Euro 4 motorcycle were determined with two drivers and two different sampling configurations (i.e., open or closed transfer tube to the dilution tunnel; both allowed in the current regulation). The motorcycle respected the current Euro 4 limits and even the future Euro 5 limits for most pollutants (CO 600 mg/km, NO x 48 mg/km, total hydrocarbons 60 mg/km). The particulate emissions, which are not regulated for this category of vehicles, were also very low and fulfilled the current limits of passenger cars (particulate mass < 0.5 mg/km, particle number 3 × 10 11 p/km). The total particle emissions (i.e., including volatiles) were also low with the open configuration (6 × 10 11 p/km). They increased more than one order of magnitude with the closed configuration due to desorption of deposited material from the transfer tube. For the gaseous pollutants, there was no significant difference between open or closed configuration (CO 2 within 0.3%, rest pollutants 10%), but they were different between the two drivers (CO 2 1.3%, rest pollutants 25%–50%). The main message from this work is that open and closed configurations are equivalent for gaseous pollutants but the open should be used when particles are measured.

Suggested Citation

  • Barouch Giechaskiel, 2020. "Gaseous and Particulate Emissions of a Euro 4 Motorcycle and Effect of Driving Style and Open or Closed Sampling Configuration," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-12, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:21:p:9122-:d:439057
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Barouch Giechaskiel & Alessandro A. Zardini & Tero Lähde & Michael Clairotte & Fabrizio Forloni & Yannis Drossinos, 2019. "Identification and Quantification of Uncertainty Components in Gaseous and Particle Emission Measurements of a Moped," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-17, November.
    2. Xianchun Tan & Yuan Zeng & Baihe Gu & Yi Wang & Baoguang Xu, 2018. "Scenario Analysis of Urban Road Transportation Energy Demand and GHG Emissions in China—A Case Study for Chongqing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-32, June.
    3. Fu, Jianqin & Deng, Banglin & Liu, Xiaoqiang & Shu, Jun & Xu, Ying & Liu, Jingping, 2020. "The experimental study on transient emissions and engine behaviors of a sporting motorcycle under World Motorcycle Test Cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).
    4. Asif Iqbal & Shirina Afroze & Md. Mizanur Rahman, 2020. "Vehicular PM Emissions and Urban Public Health Sustainability: A Probabilistic Analysis for Dhaka City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-18, August.
    5. Zamboni, Giorgio & Carraro, Chiara & Capobianco, Massimo, 2011. "On-road instantaneous speed measurements on powered two-wheelers for exhaust emissions and fuel consumption evaluation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 1039-1047.
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    Cited by:

    1. Piotr Bielaczyc & Wojciech Honkisz & Joseph Woodburn & Andrzej Szczotka & Fabrizio Forloni & Dominique Lesueur & Barouch Giechaskiel, 2021. "Inter-Comparison of Particle and Gaseous Pollutant Emissions of a Euro 4 Motorcycle at Two Laboratories," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-16, December.

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