IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v49y2015icp1100-1113.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Sediment erosion in hydro turbines and its effect on the flow around guide vanes of Francis turbine

Author

Listed:
  • Thapa, Biraj Singh
  • Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar
  • Thapa, Bhola

Abstract

Erosion of material surface due to collision of solid particles has been a challenge to several fields of engineering. Despite of centuries of investigations and research, the exact phenomenon of erosion of surface by the solid particles has not been fully understood. Increasing number of hydropower plants are being built in the regions where rivers are heavily loaded with sediments. This induces material erosion in hydro turbines, leading to change in flow pattern, losses in efficiency, vibrations and even final breakdown of turbine components. To overcome sediment erosion related failures, development of erosion resistant alloys, coatings of the components, and optimization of hydraulic design of the components, are the important practices. In Francis turbines, erosion causes increase of clearance gap between guide vanes and facing plates and cross flow occurs from this increased gap. This cross flow together with other secondary flows disturbs the velocity profile at the runner inlet. Change in velocity profile at the inlet causes additional erosion damage and other undesired effects in the turbine runner. Most of the past studies in Francis turbine were focused to understand the flow phenomenon inside the turbine components and to analyze their effects on design improvements. There is still a need of further fundamental research to understand the effects of sediment erosion of turbine components on the flow phenomenon, and developing better designs of hydro turbines to minimize those effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Thapa, Biraj Singh & Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar & Thapa, Bhola, 2015. "Sediment erosion in hydro turbines and its effect on the flow around guide vanes of Francis turbine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 1100-1113.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:49:y:2015:i:c:p:1100-1113
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.178
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032115004517
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.178?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Thapa, Biraj Singh & Thapa, Bhola & Dahlhaug, Ole G., 2012. "Empirical modelling of sediment erosion in Francis turbines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 386-391.
    2. Darmawi, & Sipahutar, Riman & Bernas, Siti Masreah & Imanuddin, Momon Sodik, 2013. "Renewable energy and hydropower utilization tendency worldwide," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 17(C), pages 213-215.
    3. Padhy, Mamata Kumari & Saini, R.P., 2008. "A review on silt erosion in hydro turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 12(7), pages 1974-1987, September.
    4. Thapa, Biraj Singh & Thapa, Bhola & Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar, 2012. "Current research in hydraulic turbines for handling sediments," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 62-69.
    5. Kumar, Pardeep & Saini, R.P., 2010. "Study of cavitation in hydro turbines--A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 374-383, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Thapa, Biraj Singh & Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar & Thapa, Bhola, 2017. "Sediment erosion induced leakage flow from guide vane clearance gap in a low specific speed Francis turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 253-261.
    2. Goyal, Rahul & Gandhi, B.K. & Cervantes, Michel J., 2018. "PIV measurements in Francis turbine – A review and application to transient operations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2976-2991.
    3. Zhu, Di & Tao, Ran & Xiao, Ruofu & Pan, Litan, 2020. "Solving the runner blade crack problem for a Francis hydro-turbine operating under condition-complexity," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 298-320.
    4. Teran, L.A. & Aponte, R.D. & Muñoz-Cubillos, J. & Roa, C.V. & Coronado, J.J. & Ladino, J.A. & Larrahondo, F.J. & Rodríguez, S.A., 2016. "Analysis of economic impact from erosive wear by hard particles in a run-of-the-river hydroelectric plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1188-1201.
    5. Thapa, Biraj Singh & Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar & Thapa, Bhola, 2018. "Flow measurements around guide vanes of Francis turbine: A PIV approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 177-188.
    6. Md Rakibuzzaman & Hyoung-Ho Kim & Kyungwuk Kim & Sang-Ho Suh & Kyung Yup Kim, 2019. "Numerical Study of Sediment Erosion Analysis in Francis Turbine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-18, March.
    7. Alfredo Guardo & Alfred Fontanals & Mònica Egusquiza & Carme Valero & Eduard Egusquiza, 2021. "Characterization of the Effects of Ingested Bodies on the Rotor–Stator Interaction of Hydraulic Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-16, October.
    8. Zhang, Yuning & Zhang, Yuning & Qian, Zhongdong & Ji, Bin & Wu, Yulin, 2016. "A review of microscopic interactions between cavitation bubbles and particles in silt-laden flow," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 303-318.
    9. Koirala, Ravi & Thapa, Bhola & Neopane, Hari Prasad & Zhu, Baoshan, 2017. "A review on flow and sediment erosion in guide vanes of Francis turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1054-1065.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Leguizamón, Sebastián & Alimirzazadeh, Siamak & Jahanbakhsh, Ebrahim & Avellan, François, 2020. "Multiscale simulation of erosive wear in a prototype-scale Pelton runner," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 204-215.
    2. Thapa, Biraj Singh & Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar & Thapa, Bhola, 2018. "Flow measurements around guide vanes of Francis turbine: A PIV approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 177-188.
    3. Zaher Mundher Yaseen & Ameen Mohammed Salih Ameen & Mohammed Suleman Aldlemy & Mumtaz Ali & Haitham Abdulmohsin Afan & Senlin Zhu & Ahmed Mohammed Sami Al-Janabi & Nadhir Al-Ansari & Tiyasha Tiyasha &, 2020. "State-of-the Art-Powerhouse, Dam Structure, and Turbine Operation and Vibrations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-40, February.
    4. Chitrakar, Sailesh & Neopane, Hari Prasad & Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar, 2016. "Study of the simultaneous effects of secondary flow and sediment erosion in Francis turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 881-891.
    5. Wang, Zhiyuan & Qian, Zhongdong, 2017. "Effects of concentration and size of silt particles on the performance of a double-suction centrifugal pump," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 36-46.
    6. Liu, Xin & Luo, Yongyao & Karney, Bryan W. & Wang, Weizheng, 2015. "A selected literature review of efficiency improvements in hydraulic turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 18-28.
    7. Rai, Anant Kumar & Kumar, Arun & Staubli, Thomas & Yexiang, Xiao, 2020. "Interpretation and application of the hydro-abrasive erosion model from IEC 62364 (2013) for Pelton turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 396-408.
    8. Goyal, Rahul & Gandhi, Bhupendra K., 2018. "Review of hydrodynamics instabilities in Francis turbine during off-design and transient operations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(PA), pages 697-709.
    9. Thapa, Biraj Singh & Thapa, Bhola & Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar, 2012. "Current research in hydraulic turbines for handling sediments," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 62-69.
    10. Cristian Cruzatty & Darwin Jimenez & Esteban Valencia & Ivan Zambrano & Christian Mora & Xianwu Luo & Edgar Cando, 2021. "A Case Study: Sediment Erosion in Francis Turbines Operated at the San Francisco Hydropower Plant in Ecuador," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, December.
    11. Babu, Abhishek & Perumal, G. & Arora, H.S. & Grewal, H.S., 2021. "Enhanced slurry and cavitation erosion resistance of deep cryogenically treated thermal spray coatings for hydroturbine applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 1044-1055.
    12. Mishra, Mukesh Kumar & Khare, Nilay & Agrawal, Alka Bani, 2015. "Small hydro power in India: Current status and future perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 101-115.
    13. Hauer, C. & Wagner, B. & Aigner, J. & Holzapfel, P. & Flödl, P. & Liedermann, M. & Tritthart, M. & Sindelar, C. & Pulg, U. & Klösch, M. & Haimann, M. & Donnum, B.O. & Stickler, M. & Habersack, H., 2018. "State of the art, shortcomings and future challenges for a sustainable sediment management in hydropower: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 40-55.
    14. Masoodi, Junaid H. & Harmain, G.A., 2017. "A methodology for assessment of erosive wear on a Francis turbine runner," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 644-657.
    15. Hu, Jinhong & Yang, Jiebin & He, Xianghui & Zhao, Zhigao & Yang, Jiandong, 2023. "Transient analysis of a hydropower plant with a super-long headrace tunnel during load acceptance: Instability mechanism and measurement verification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PA).
    16. Padhy, M.K. & Saini, R.P., 2011. "Study of silt erosion on performance of a Pelton turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 141-147.
    17. Mads Mehus Ivarson & Chirag Trivedi & Kaspar Vereide, 2021. "Investigations of Rake and Rib Structures in Sand Traps to Prevent Sediment Transport in Hydropower Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-16, June.
    18. Ming Zhang & David Valentin & Carme Valero & Mònica Egusquiza & Weiqiang Zhao, 2018. "Numerical Study on the Dynamic Behavior of a Francis Turbine Runner Model with a Crack," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-18, June.
    19. Sun, Longgang & Xu, Hongyang & Li, Chenxi & Guo, Pengcheng & Xu, Zhuofei, 2024. "Unsteady assessment and alleviation of inter-blade vortex in Francis turbine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 358(C).
    20. Ge, Xinfeng & Sun, Jie & Zhou, Ye & Cai, Jianguo & Zhang, Hui & Zhang, Lei & Ding, Mingquan & Deng, Chaozhong & Binama, Maxime & Zheng, Yuan, 2021. "Experimental and Numerical studies on Opening and Velocity Influence on Sediment Erosion of Pelton Turbine Buckets," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 1040-1056.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:49:y:2015:i:c:p:1100-1113. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.