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Flow measurements around guide vanes of Francis turbine: A PIV approach

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  • Thapa, Biraj Singh
  • Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar
  • Thapa, Bhola

Abstract

A guide vane cascade is developed for the study of flow in the distributor of a low specific speed Francis turbine. Velocity and pressure measurements are done with Reynold's number 1.15 E+07, at 80% of BEP flow as in a reference prototype turbine. This work illustrates the development of test setup and focuses on investigation of PIV methods applied for the velocity measurements. Techniques developed for ‘in-situ’ calibration of PIV setup and methods applied for image processing are discussed in details. Approach to estimate total uncertainty in PIV measurements and minimum no of image pairs required for statistical convergence of velocity field is presented. Reference measurements are done along the plane of chord, from guide vane wall to its mid-span. Flow velocity exceeding 35 m/s, at the runner inlet of Francis turbine, is reported for the first time from such experimental studies. Flow phenomenon inside Francis turbine distributor are characterized and comparison are done with the cases for prototype turbines. The cascade setup is found to reproduce the flow conditions inside a Francis turbine distributor, except the rotor-stator-interaction. PIV methods are generalized for the cases of similar measurements and the results will be applicable to validate numerical studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Thapa, Biraj Singh & Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar & Thapa, Bhola, 2018. "Flow measurements around guide vanes of Francis turbine: A PIV approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 177-188.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:126:y:2018:i:c:p:177-188
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.03.042
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Padhy, Mamata Kumari & Saini, R.P., 2008. "A review on silt erosion in hydro turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 12(7), pages 1974-1987, September.
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    3. Thapa, Biraj Singh & Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar & Thapa, Bhola, 2015. "Sediment erosion in hydro turbines and its effect on the flow around guide vanes of Francis turbine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 1100-1113.
    4. Thapa, Biraj Singh & Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar & Thapa, Bhola, 2017. "Sediment erosion induced leakage flow from guide vane clearance gap in a low specific speed Francis turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 253-261.
    5. Thapa, Biraj Singh & Thapa, Bhola & Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar, 2012. "Current research in hydraulic turbines for handling sediments," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 62-69.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Maria Cristina Morani & Mariana Simão & Ignac Gazur & Rui S. Santos & Armando Carravetta & Oreste Fecarotta & Helena M. Ramos, 2022. "Pressure Drop and Energy Recovery with a New Centrifugal Micro-Turbine: Fundamentals and Application in a Real WDN," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-25, February.
    3. Adnan Aslam Noon & Man-Hoe Kim, 2021. "Sediment and Cavitation Erosion in Francis Turbines—Review of Latest Experimental and Numerical Techniques," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-19, March.
    4. Filip Stojkovski & Marija Lazarevikj & Zoran Markov & Igor Iliev & Ole Gunnar Dahlhaug, 2021. "Constraints of Parametrically Defined Guide Vanes for a High-Head Francis Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-13, May.
    5. Shaonan Sun & Xiaojie Liu & Ruijie Zhang & Chunlu Liu & Ailing Wang, 2023. "Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Hydraulic Turbines Based on BIM for Sustainable Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-16, November.

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