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Synthesis of the SrO–CaO–Al2O3 trimetallic oxide catalyst for transesterification to produce biodiesel

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  • Zhang, Yujiao
  • Niu, Shengli
  • Han, Kuihua
  • Li, Yingjie
  • Lu, Chunmei

Abstract

Calcium oxide is one of the most promising heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production. However, an inherent drawback of CaO is the leaching of active species into the reaction solution with the degraded reusability. To strengthen the stability, different supports are composited with the SrO–CaO oxide through the hydrothermal method and mass ratio of SrO to CaO are optimized to get the best outcome of the catalyst. Meanwhile, various characterization methods, including TG, XRD, SEM-EDX, CO2-TPD, XPS, ATR-FTIR and ICP-AES, are used to explore the physicochemical properties of catalysts. The 0.4-SrO-CaO-Al2O3 catalyst shows the best catalytic capability in transesterification of palm oil with methanol to produce biodiesel, where the FAME yield of 98.16% is achieved with the molar ratio of methanol to oil of 18:1 and catalyst concentration of 7.5 wt% at 65 °C for 3 h. Besides, ascribed to the greatly reduced leaching out of the active species, this catalyst presents the satisfying reusability and the FAME yield is slightly decreased to 92.61% for the fifth reused cycle. Therefore, this modification method for SrO–CaO–Al2O3 is feasible for enhancing the catalytic stability in transesterification.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Yujiao & Niu, Shengli & Han, Kuihua & Li, Yingjie & Lu, Chunmei, 2021. "Synthesis of the SrO–CaO–Al2O3 trimetallic oxide catalyst for transesterification to produce biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 981-990.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:168:y:2021:i:c:p:981-990
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.12.132
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    4. Torkzaban, Sama & Feyzi, Mostafa & norouzi, Leila, 2022. "A novel robust CaO/ZnFe2O4 hollow magnetic microspheres heterogenous catalyst for synthesis biodiesel from waste frying sunflower oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 996-1007.
    5. Shir Reen Chia & Saifuddin Nomanbhay & Kit Wayne Chew & Pau Loke Show & Jassinnee Milano & Abd Halim Shamsuddin, 2022. "Indigenous Materials as Catalyst Supports for Renewable Diesel Production in Malaysia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-31, April.
    6. Lani, Nurul Saadiah & Ngadi, Norzita & Haron, Saharudin & Mohammed Inuwa, Ibrahim & Anako Opotu, Lawal, 2024. "The catalytic effect of calcium oxide and magnetite loading on magnetically supported calcium oxide-zeolite catalyst for biodiesel production from used cooking oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    7. Jesús Andrés Tavizón-Pozos & Gerardo Chavez-Esquivel & Víctor Alejandro Suárez-Toriello & Carlos Eduardo Santolalla-Vargas & Oscar Abel Luévano-Rivas & Omar Uriel Valdés-Martínez & Alfonso Talavera-Ló, 2021. "State of Art of Alkaline Earth Metal Oxides Catalysts Used in the Transesterification of Oils for Biodiesel Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-24, February.
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