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Exploring a new criterion to determine the onset of cavitation in centrifugal pumps from energy-saving standpoint; experimental and numerical investigation

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  • Dehghan, Amir Arsalan
  • Shojaeefard, Mohammad Hassan
  • Roshanaei, Maryam

Abstract

This paper proposes a new criterion to determine the cavitation initiation in centrifugal pumps. Because of the importance of saving energy, and the need for specifying a margin for the required net positive suction head (NPSHr) in all centrifugal pumps, a new criterion based on dropping three percent in efficiency (NPSHr,η) was investigated. Extensive experimental and numerical studies were undertaken to assess the effectiveness of the novel criterion from the energy-saving standpoint and its margin compared to the conventional one (NPSHr,Ht). A test bench was employed to conduct numerous experiments on five single-stage centrifugal pumps, generating comprehensive head-drop and efficiency-drop curves under part-load, designed, and over-load conditions. Additionally, simulations were carried out using CFD, employing an appropriate turbulence model and the ZGB cavitation model. Subsequently, dropping curves of total head, hydraulic efficiency, and the torque-rise curve against available NPSH were extracted. Analysis of these simulations revealed that NPSHr,η is consistently higher than NPSHr,Ht. A three-percent total head-drop diminishes the efficiency by an average of 6.04%, ranging from 4.79% to 8.92% depending on the specific case. Using NPSHr,η provides enough distance from the NPSHr,Ht without any need to specify a margin, and a huge amount of energy can be saved annually.

Suggested Citation

  • Dehghan, Amir Arsalan & Shojaeefard, Mohammad Hassan & Roshanaei, Maryam, 2024. "Exploring a new criterion to determine the onset of cavitation in centrifugal pumps from energy-saving standpoint; experimental and numerical investigation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:293:y:2024:i:c:s0360544224004535
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.130681
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