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Unsteady hydrodynamics of tidal turbine blades

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  • Thomas Scarlett, Gabriel
  • Viola, Ignazio Maria

Abstract

Tidal turbines encounter a range of unsteady flow conditions, some of which may induce severe load fluctuations. Rotor blades can experience stall delay, load hysteresis and dynamic stall. Yet, the range of flow conditions which cause these effects for a full-scale axial-flow turbine are unclear. In this work we carry out a parameter study across a range of flow conditions by modelling root bending moment responses. We show how unsteadiness manifests along the span of the blade, the unsteady phenomena occurring and the conditions which induce the most significant load fluctuations. We find that waves and turbulence are the main sources of unsteadiness, and that extreme waves dominate over extreme turbulence. A yaw misalignment increases the load fluctuations but reduces the maximum peak. Large yaw angles, low tip-speed ratios, and very large waves lead to dynamic stall increasing the mean loads. Conversely, added mass effects mostly attenuate the loadings.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Scarlett, Gabriel & Viola, Ignazio Maria, 2020. "Unsteady hydrodynamics of tidal turbine blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 843-855.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:146:y:2020:i:c:p:843-855
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.06.153
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chen, Long & Lam, Wei-Haur, 2015. "A review of survivability and remedial actions of tidal current turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 891-900.
    2. Milne, I.A. & Day, A.H. & Sharma, R.N. & Flay, R.G.J., 2016. "The characterisation of the hydrodynamic loads on tidal turbines due to turbulence," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 851-864.
    3. Scarlett, Gabriel Thomas & Sellar, Brian & van den Bremer, Ton & Viola, Ignazio Maria, 2019. "Unsteady hydrodynamics of a full-scale tidal turbine operating in large wave conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 199-213.
    4. Milne, I.A. & Day, A.H. & Sharma, R.N. & Flay, R.G.J., 2015. "Blade loading on tidal turbines for uniform unsteady flow," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 338-350.
    5. Brian G. Sellar & Gareth Wakelam & Duncan R. J. Sutherland & David M. Ingram & Vengatesan Venugopal, 2018. "Characterisation of Tidal Flows at the European Marine Energy Centre in the Absence of Ocean Waves," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-23, January.
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    7. Neill, Simon P. & Vögler, Arne & Goward-Brown, Alice J. & Baston, Susana & Lewis, Matthew J. & Gillibrand, Philip A. & Waldman, Simon & Woolf, David K., 2017. "The wave and tidal resource of Scotland," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(PA), pages 3-17.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Gambuzza, Stefano & Pisetta, Gabriele & Davey, Thomas & Steynor, Jeffrey & Viola, Ignazio Maria, 2023. "Model-scale experiments of passive pitch control for tidal turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 10-29.
    3. Cossu, Remo & Penesis, Irene & Nader, Jean-Roch & Marsh, Philip & Perez, Larissa & Couzi, Camille & Grinham, Alistair & Osman, Peter, 2021. "Tidal energy site characterisation in a large tidal channel in Banks Strait, Tasmania, Australia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 859-870.
    4. Alyona Naberezhnykh & David Ingram & Ian Ashton & Joel Culina, 2023. "How Applicable Are Turbulence Assumptions Used in the Tidal Energy Industry?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-21, February.
    5. Maria Cristina Morani & Mariana Simão & Ignac Gazur & Rui S. Santos & Armando Carravetta & Oreste Fecarotta & Helena M. Ramos, 2022. "Pressure Drop and Energy Recovery with a New Centrifugal Micro-Turbine: Fundamentals and Application in a Real WDN," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-25, February.
    6. Manolesos, M. & Chng, L. & Kaufmann, N. & Ouro, P. & Ntouras, D. & Papadakis, G., 2023. "Using vortex generators for flow separation control on tidal turbine profiles and blades," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 1025-1039.
    7. Perez, Larissa & Cossu, Remo & Grinham, Alistair & Penesis, Irene, 2021. "Seasonality of turbulence characteristics and wave-current interaction in two prospective tidal energy sites," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 1322-1336.
    8. Pisetta, Gabriele & Le Mestre, Robin & Viola, Ignazio Maria, 2022. "Morphing blades for tidal turbines: A theoretical study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 802-819.
    9. Arturo Ortega & Joseph Praful Tomy & Jonathan Shek & Stephane Paboeuf & David Ingram, 2020. "An Inter-Comparison of Dynamic, Fully Coupled, Electro-Mechanical, Models of Tidal Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-19, October.
    10. Lam, Raymond & Dubon, Sergio Lopez & Sellar, Brian & Vogel, Christopher & Davey, Thomas & Steynor, Jeffrey, 2023. "Temporal and spatial characterisation of tidal blade load variation for structural fatigue testing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 665-678.
    11. Perez, Larissa & Cossu, Remo & Grinham, Alistair & Penesis, Irene, 2022. "An investigation of tidal turbine performance and loads under various turbulence conditions using Blade Element Momentum theory and high-frequency field data acquired in two prospective tidal energy s," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(P1), pages 928-937.
    12. Perez, Larissa & Cossu, Remo & Grinham, Alistair & Penesis, Irene, 2022. "Tidal turbine performance and loads for various hub heights and wave conditions using high-frequency field measurements and Blade Element Momentum theory," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 1548-1560.

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