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On the Variation of Turbulence in a High-Velocity Tidal Channel

Author

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  • Charles Greenwood

    (Marine Energy Research Group, Lews Castle College, University of the Highlands and Islands, Stornoway HS2 0XR, UK)

  • Arne Vogler

    (Marine Energy Research Group, Lews Castle College, University of the Highlands and Islands, Stornoway HS2 0XR, UK)

  • Vengatesan Venugopal

    (Institute for Energy Systems, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, UK)

Abstract

This study presents the variation in turbulence parameters derived from site measurements at a tidal energy test site. Measurements were made towards the southern end of the European Marine Energy Centre’s tidal energy test site at the Fall of Warness (Orkney, Scotland). Four bottom mounted divergent-beam Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs) were deployed at three locations over an area of 2 km by 1.4 km to assess the spatial and temporal variation in turbulence in the southern entrance to the channel. During the measurement campaign, average flood velocities of 2 ms −1 were recorded with maximum flow speeds of 3 ms −1 in the absence of significant wave activity. The velocity fluctuations and turbulence parameters show the presence of large turbulent structures at each location. The easternmost profiler located in the wake of a nearby headland during ebb tide, recorded flow shielding effects that reduced velocities to almost zero and produced large turbulence intensities. The depth-dependent analysis of turbulence parameters reveals large velocity variations with complex profiles that do not follow the standard smooth shear profile. Furthermore, turbulence parameters based on data collected from ADCPs deployed in a multi-carrier frame at the same location and time period, show significant differences. This shows a large sensitivity to the make and model of ADCPs with regards to turbulence. Turbulence integral length scales were calculated, and show eddies exceeding 30 m in size. Direct comparison of the length scales derived from the streamwise velocity component and along-beam velocities show very similar magnitudes and distributions with tidal phase.

Suggested Citation

  • Charles Greenwood & Arne Vogler & Vengatesan Venugopal, 2019. "On the Variation of Turbulence in a High-Velocity Tidal Channel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:4:p:672-:d:207291
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Horwitz, Rachel M. & Hay, Alex E., 2017. "Turbulence dissipation rates from horizontal velocity profiles at mid-depth in fast tidal flows," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(PA), pages 283-296.
    2. Brian G. Sellar & Gareth Wakelam & Duncan R. J. Sutherland & David M. Ingram & Vengatesan Venugopal, 2018. "Characterisation of Tidal Flows at the European Marine Energy Centre in the Absence of Ocean Waves," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-23, January.
    3. Bouferrouk, Abdessalem & Hardwick, Jonathan P. & Colucci, Antonella M. & Johanning, Lars, 2016. "Quantifying turbulence from field measurements at a mixed low tidal energy site," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P1), pages 478-492.
    4. Milne, I.A. & Day, A.H. & Sharma, R.N. & Flay, R.G.J., 2016. "The characterisation of the hydrodynamic loads on tidal turbines due to turbulence," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 851-864.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chuhua Jiang & Xuedao Shu & Junhua Chen & Lingjie Bao & Yawen Xu, 2021. "Research on Blade Design of Lift–Drag-Composite Tidal-Energy Turbine at Low Flow Velocity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-16, July.
    2. Fowell, R. & Togneri, M. & Pacheco, A. & Nourrisson, O., 2022. "Use of an environmental proxy to determine turbulence regime surrounding a full-scale tidal turbine deployed within the Fromveur Strait, Brittany, France," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).
    3. Alyona Naberezhnykh & David Ingram & Ian Ashton & Joel Culina, 2023. "How Applicable Are Turbulence Assumptions Used in the Tidal Energy Industry?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-21, February.
    4. Perez, Larissa & Cossu, Remo & Grinham, Alistair & Penesis, Irene, 2021. "Seasonality of turbulence characteristics and wave-current interaction in two prospective tidal energy sites," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 1322-1336.
    5. Lilian Lieber & Shaun Fraser & Daniel Coles & W. Alex M. Nimmo-Smith, 2024. "Sheared turbulent flows and wake dynamics of an idled floating tidal turbine," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, December.
    6. Larissa Perez & Remo Cossu & Camille Couzi & Irene Penesis, 2020. "Wave-Turbulence Decomposition Methods Applied to Tidal Energy Site Assessment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-21, March.

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