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Transesterification of waste cooking oil using Clay/CaO as a solid base catalyst

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  • Mohadesi, Majid
  • Aghel, Babak
  • Gouran, Ashkan
  • Razmehgir, Mohammad Hamed

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the use of clay/CaO heterogeneous catalyst for the production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil. The catalyst was synthesized from clay and calcined using calcium oxide under controlled conditions. Clay is a natural soil material containing a large amount of amorphous silica. After processing calcium oxide and heating under controlled conditions at 800 °C, high surface area silica with amorphous structure was produced. The amorphous structure of the synthesized catalyst was confirmed by XRD analysis. The results of SEM analysis indicated that the particles had a spherical structure, distributed evenly and uniformly. The effect of five parameters of reaction temperature, catalyst concentration, oil to methanol volume ratio, toluene concentration, and reaction time on the purity of the biodiesel was evaluated through utilizing the response surface methodology (RSM). Under optimal conditions i.e. temperature of 54.97 °C, catalyst concentration of 9.6 wt%, oil to methanol volume ratio of 1.94 vol:vol, toluene concentration of 16.13 wt%, and reaction time of 74.32 min, the conversion rate was 97.16%. The results of catalyst recovery test showed that the prepared catalyst could be reused up to 5 times; thus, it can be used as a stable and cost-effective catalyst for the production of biodiesel.

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  • Mohadesi, Majid & Aghel, Babak & Gouran, Ashkan & Razmehgir, Mohammad Hamed, 2022. "Transesterification of waste cooking oil using Clay/CaO as a solid base catalyst," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:242:y:2022:i:c:s0360544221027857
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.122536
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    2. Nahas, Lea & Dahdah, Eliane & Aouad, Samer & El Khoury, Bilal & Gennequin, Cedric & Abi Aad, Edmond & Estephane, Jane, 2023. "Highly efficient scallop seashell-derived catalyst for biodiesel production from sunflower and waste cooking oils: Reaction kinetics and effect of calcination temperature studies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 1086-1095.
    3. He, Xin & Wang, Ning & Zhou, Qiaoqiao & Huang, Jun & Ramakrishna, Seeram & Li, Fanghua, 2024. "Smart aviation biofuel energy system coupling with machine learning technology," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    4. Shalfoh, Ehsan & Ahmad, Mardiana Idayu & Binhweel, Fozy & Shaah, Marwan Abdulhakim & Senusi, Wardah & Hossain, Md Sohrab & Alsaadi, Sami, 2024. "Fish waste oil extraction using supercritical CO2 extraction for biodiesel production: Mathematical, and kinetic modeling," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    5. Yusuff, Adeyinka Sikiru & Gbadamosi, Afeez Olayinka & Atray, Neeraj, 2022. "Development of a zeolite supported CaO derived from chicken eggshell as active base catalyst for used cooking oil biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 1151-1162.

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