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A Review of Biodiesel Cold Flow Properties and Its Improvement Methods: Towards Sustainable Biodiesel Application

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  • Yano Surya Pradana

    (Doctoral Program of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, No. 10, Bandung 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika, No. 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia)

  • I Gusti B. N. Makertihartha

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, No. 10, Bandung 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia)

  • Antonius Indarto

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, No. 10, Bandung 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia)

  • Tirto Prakoso

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, No. 10, Bandung 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia)

  • Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha, No. 10, Bandung 40132, Jawa Barat, Indonesia)

Abstract

Significant concerns over energy security and environmental impact reduction will drive all stakeholders to generate proper alternative energies. Biodiesel is a prospective cleaner-burning biofuel that can contribute on addressing these concerns globally. Presently, pure biodiesel (B100) application is still facing several obstacles, principally in terms of its cold flow properties. Improvement in cold flow behavior parameters is the solution to promoting biodiesel implementation at a higher percentage and wider environmental temperature range. This study provides a detailed review of several improvement methods, both physical, chemical, and biological, from various scientific sources, to elevate the cold fluidity characteristics of biodiesel. The investigated methods convincingly offer proper enhancement in the cold flow properties of biodiesel. Mostly, this improvement is accompanied by an alleviation in oxidation stability, cetane number, and/or viscosity. However, the skeletal isomerization method presents promising cold fluidity refinement with minimal reduction in other physical properties. Therefore, the continuous development of these methods promises global sustainable application of high-quality biodiesel.

Suggested Citation

  • Yano Surya Pradana & I Gusti B. N. Makertihartha & Antonius Indarto & Tirto Prakoso & Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja, 2024. "A Review of Biodiesel Cold Flow Properties and Its Improvement Methods: Towards Sustainable Biodiesel Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-43, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:18:p:4543-:d:1475195
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    References listed on IDEAS

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