IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v215y2021ipas0360544220322313.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Effects of split direct-injected hydrogen strategies on combustion and emissions performance of a small-scale rotary engine

Author

Listed:
  • Shi, Cheng
  • Ji, Changwei
  • Ge, Yunshan
  • Wang, Shuofeng
  • Yang, Jinxin
  • Wang, Huaiyu

Abstract

To achieve more efficient and robust combustion, split direct-injected hydrogen as a new injection strategy for rotary engines was used to clarify the influences of various injection parameters, including hydrogen amount for each pulse, the dwell between pulses, and secondary injection pulse-width, on combustion performance and emissions formation by CFD modeling. The results of this investigation confirmed the benefit of split direct-injection as a useful means to govern mixture stratification which enabled the combustion more effective and rapid compared to single-injection mode. Enhanced combustion could be achieved by increasing the mass fraction of post-injection with an optimized dwell between injections. Further investigation on secondary injection pulse-width demonstrated that engine performance was substantially improved with a wider second injection pulse. From one side, as the secondary injection pulse-width was increased, the surrounding mixture distribution of the spark-plug location was richer, which was confirmed as a beneficial inhomogeneous circumstance of hydrogen to accelerate the burning rate. From another side, strong tumble level and turbulence intensity were of significant importance for facilitating the combustion process and getting optimal thermal efficiency. For emissions formation, split direct-injected hydrogen made a near-zero HC and CO emissions at the price of a comparable increase of NOx emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Shi, Cheng & Ji, Changwei & Ge, Yunshan & Wang, Shuofeng & Yang, Jinxin & Wang, Huaiyu, 2021. "Effects of split direct-injected hydrogen strategies on combustion and emissions performance of a small-scale rotary engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(PA).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:215:y:2021:i:pa:s0360544220322313
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.119124
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544220322313
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119124?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yang, Zhenzhong & Zhang, Fu & Wang, Lijun & Wang, Kaixin & Zhang, Donghui, 2018. "Effects of injection mode on the mixture formation and combustion performance of the hydrogen internal combustion engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 715-728.
    2. Rahimi Boldaji, Mozhgan & Gainey, Brian & Lawler, Benjamin, 2019. "Thermally stratified compression ignition enabled by wet ethanol with a split injection strategy: A CFD simulation study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 813-826.
    3. He, Fengshuo & Li, Shuo & Yu, Xiumin & Du, Yaodong & Zuo, Xiongyinan & Dong, Wei & Sun, Ping & He, Ling, 2018. "Comparison study and synthetic evaluation of combined injection in a spark ignition engine with hydrogen-blended at lean burn condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 1053-1062.
    4. Chintala, Venkateswarlu & Subramanian, K.A., 2017. "A comprehensive review on utilization of hydrogen in a compression ignition engine under dual fuel mode," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 472-491.
    5. Yousefi, Amin & Guo, Hongsheng & Birouk, Madjid & Liko, Brian, 2019. "On greenhouse gas emissions and thermal efficiency of natural gas/diesel dual-fuel engine at low load conditions: Coupled effect of injector rail pressure and split injection," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 216-231.
    6. Costa, M. & Sorge, U. & Merola, S. & Irimescu, A. & La Villetta, M. & Rocco, V., 2016. "Split injection in a homogeneous stratified gasoline direct injection engine for high combustion efficiency and low pollutants emission," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 117(P2), pages 405-415.
    7. Zhuang, Yuan & Zhu, Guodong & Gong, Zhen & Wang, Chenfang & Huang, Yuhan, 2019. "Experimental and numerical investigation of performance of an ethanol-gasoline dual-injection engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    8. Gao, Jianbing & Tian, Guohong & Jenner, Phil & Burgess, Max & Emhardt, Simon, 2020. "Preliminary explorations of the performance of a novel small scale opposed rotary piston engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    9. Gong, Changming & Li, Zhaohui & Sun, Jingzhen & Liu, Fenghua, 2020. "Evaluation on combustion and lean-burn limitof a medium compression ratio hydrogen/methanol dual-injection spark-ignition engine under methanol late-injection," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    10. Chen, Wei & Pan, Jianfeng & Liu, Yangxian & Fan, Baowei & Liu, Hongjun & Otchere, Peter, 2019. "Numerical investigation of direct injection stratified charge combustion in a natural gas-diesel rotary engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233, pages 453-467.
    11. Nemitallah, Medhat A. & Imteyaz, Binash & Abdelhafez, Ahmed & Habib, Mohamed A., 2019. "Experimental and computational study on stability characteristics of hydrogen-enriched oxy-methane premixed flames," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 433-443.
    12. Poran, A. & Tartakovsky, L., 2017. "Performance and emissions of a direct injection internal combustion engine devised for joint operation with a high-pressure thermochemical recuperation system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 214-226.
    13. Shi, Cheng & Ji, Changwei & Ge, Yunshan & Wang, Shuofeng & Bao, Jianhui & Yang, Jinxin, 2019. "Numerical study on ignition amelioration of a hydrogen-enriched Wankel engine under lean-burn condition," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jiao, Huichao & Ye, Xianlei & Zou, Run & Wang, Nana & Liu, Jinxiang, 2022. "Comparative study on ignition and combustion between conventional spark-ignition method and near-wall surface ignition method for small-scale Wankel rotary engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    2. Gao, Jianbing & Zhang, Huijie & Li, Juxia & Wang, Yufeng & Tian, Guohong & Ma, Chaochen & Wang, Xiaochen, 2022. "Simulation on the effect of compression ratios on the performance of a hydrogen fueled opposed rotary piston engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 428-439.
    3. Wang, Huaiyu & Ji, Changwei & Shi, Cheng & Ge, Yunshan & Meng, Hao & Yang, Jinxin & Chang, Ke & Wang, Shuofeng, 2022. "Comparison and evaluation of advanced machine learning methods for performance and emissions prediction of a gasoline Wankel rotary engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    4. Cesar de Lima Nogueira, Silvio & Och, Stephan Hennings & Moura, Luis Mauro & Domingues, Eric & Coelho, Leandro dos Santos & Mariani, Viviana Cocco, 2023. "Prediction of the NOx and CO2 emissions from an experimental dual fuel engine using optimized random forest combined with feature engineering," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    5. Gao, Jianbing & Tian, Guohong & Ma, Chaochen & Huang, Liyong & Xing, Shikai, 2021. "Simulation of the impacts on a direct hydrogen injection opposed rotary piston engine performance by the injection strategies and equivalence ratios," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1204-1216.
    6. Benim, Ali Cemal & Deniz Canal, Cansu & Boke, Yakup Erhan, 2022. "Computational investigation of oxy-combustion of pulverized coal and biomass in a swirl burner," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
    7. Yuan, Chenheng & Lu, Jiangchuan & Li, Shilei, 2023. "Thermoelectric coupling effect of secondary injection on gasoline fuel spray and mixing of a free vibration combustion alternator," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    8. Qi Geng & Xuede Wang & Yang Du & Zhenghao Yang & Rui Wang & Guangyu He, 2022. "Effect of the Hydrogen Injection Position on the Combustion Process of a Direct Injection X-Type Rotary Engine with a Hydrogen Blend," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-19, October.
    9. Zeng, Yonghao & Fan, Baowei & Pan, Jianfeng & He, Ren & Fang, Jia & Salami, Hammed Adeniyi & Wu, Xin, 2022. "Research on the ignition strategy of a methanol/gasoline blends rotary engine using turbulent jet ignition mode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PA).
    10. Fan, Baowei & Zeng, Yonghao & Pan, Jianfeng & Fang, Jia & Salami, Hammed Adeniyi & Wang, Yuanguang, 2022. "Numerical study of injection strategy on the combustion process in a peripheral ported rotary engine fueled with natural gas/hydrogen blends under the action of apex seal leakage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    11. Yan, Xiaodong & Nie, Fuquan & Cui, Huasheng & Feng, Huihua & Jia, Boru & Zuo, Zhengxing & Wang, Yahui, 2024. "Research on the impacts of operating frequency at combustion process for opposed single-cylinder free piston generator under direct injection," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    12. Chang, Ke & Ji, Changwei & Wang, Shuofeng & Yang, Jinxin & Wang, Huaiyu & Xin, Gu & Meng, Hao, 2022. "Numerical investigation of the combined effect of injection angle and injection pressure in a gasoline direct injection rotary engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    13. Chang, Ke & Ji, Changwei & Wang, Shuofeng & Yang, Jinxin & Wang, Huaiyu & Meng, Hao & Liu, Dianqing, 2023. "Numerical investigation of the synchronous and asynchronous changes of ignition timing in a double spark plugs direct injection rotary engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    14. Gao, Jianbing & Tian, Guohong & Ma, Chaochen & Xing, Shikai & Jenner, Phil, 2021. "Performance explorations of a naturally aspirated opposed rotary piston engine fuelled with hydrogen under part load and stoichiometric conditions using a numerical simulation approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Huang, Yuhan & Surawski, Nic C. & Zhuang, Yuan & Zhou, John L. & Hong, Guang, 2021. "Dual injection: An effective and efficient technology to use renewable fuels in spark ignition engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    2. Gong, Changming & Zhang, Zilei & Sun, Jingzhen & Chen, Yulin & Liu, Fenghua, 2020. "Computational study of nozzle spray-line distribution effects on stratified mixture formation, combustion and emissions of a high compression ratio DISI methanol engine under lean-burn condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    3. Gao, Jianbing & Tian, Guohong & Ma, Chaochen & Huang, Liyong & Xing, Shikai, 2021. "Simulation of the impacts on a direct hydrogen injection opposed rotary piston engine performance by the injection strategies and equivalence ratios," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1204-1216.
    4. Zareei, Javad & Rohani, Abbas & Mazari, Farhad & Mikkhailova, Maria Vladimirovna, 2021. "Numerical investigation of the effect of two-step injection (direct and port injection) of hydrogen blending and natural gas on engine performance and exhaust gas emissions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    5. Shi, Cheng & Chai, Sen & Di, Liming & Ji, Changwei & Ge, Yunshan & Wang, Huaiyu, 2023. "Combined experimental-numerical analysis of hydrogen as a combustion enhancer applied to wankel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).
    6. Gao, Jianbing & Zhang, Huijie & Li, Juxia & Wang, Yufeng & Tian, Guohong & Ma, Chaochen & Wang, Xiaochen, 2022. "Simulation on the effect of compression ratios on the performance of a hydrogen fueled opposed rotary piston engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 428-439.
    7. Fan, Baowei & Zeng, Yonghao & Pan, Jianfeng & Fang, Jia & Salami, Hammed Adeniyi & Wang, Yuanguang, 2022. "Numerical study of injection strategy on the combustion process in a peripheral ported rotary engine fueled with natural gas/hydrogen blends under the action of apex seal leakage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    8. Pandey, Jayashish Kumar & Kumar, G.N., 2022. "Effect of variable compression ratio and equivalence ratio on performance, combustion and emission of hydrogen port injection SI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PE).
    9. Zhen, Xudong & Tian, Zhi & Wang, Yang & Xu, Meng & Liu, Daming & Li, Xiaoyan, 2022. "Knock analysis of bio-butanol in TISI engine based on chemical reaction kinetics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).
    10. Tehseen Johar & Chiu-Fan Hsieh, 2023. "Design Challenges in Hydrogen-Fueled Rotary Engine—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-22, January.
    11. Gainey, Brian & Gohn, James & Hariharan, Deivanayagam & Rahimi-Boldaji, Mozhgan & Lawler, Benjamin, 2020. "Assessing the impact of injector included angle and piston geometry on thermally stratified compression ignition with wet ethanol," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    12. Stefania Esposito & Max Mally & Liming Cai & Heinz Pitsch & Stefan Pischinger, 2020. "Validation of a RANS 3D-CFD Gaseous Emission Model with Space-, Species-, and Cycle-Resolved Measurements from an SI DI Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-19, August.
    13. Benim, Ali Cemal & Pfeiffelmann, Björn & Ocłoń, Paweł & Taler, Jan, 2019. "Computational investigation of a lifted hydrogen flame with LES and FGM," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 1172-1181.
    14. Ramadan, Mohamad & Murr, Rabih & Khaled, Mahmoud & Olabi, Abdul Ghani, 2018. "Mixed numerical - Experimental approach to enhance the heat pump performance by drain water heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 1010-1021.
    15. Shi, Lei & Ji, Changwei & Wang, Shuofeng & Su, Teng & Cong, Xiaoyu & Wang, Du & Tang, Chuanqi, 2019. "Effects of second injection timing on combustion characteristics of the spark ignition direct injection gasoline engines with dimethyl ether enrichment in the intake port," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 10-18.
    16. Shang, Zhen & Yu, Xiumin & Ren, Lei & Wei, Guowu & Li, Guanting & Li, Decheng & Li, Yinan, 2020. "Comparative study on effects of injection mode on combustion and emission characteristics of a combined injection n-butanol/gasoline SI engine with hydrogen direct injection," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    17. Ping Sun & Ze Liu & Wei Dong & Song Yang, 2019. "Comparative Study on the Effects of Ethanol Proportion on the Particle Numbers Emissions in a Combined Injection Engine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-18, May.
    18. Gong, Changming & Yi, Lin & Zhang, Zilei & Sun, Jingzhen & Liu, Fenghua, 2020. "Assessment of ultra-lean burn characteristics for a stratified-charge direct-injection spark-ignition methanol engine under different high compression ratios," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    19. Bo Zhang & Huaiyu Wang & Shuofeng Wang, 2023. "Computational Investigation of Combustion, Performance, and Emissions of a Diesel-Hydrogen Dual-Fuel Engine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, February.
    20. Aleksandra Besser & Jan K. Kazak & Małgorzata Świąder & Szymon Szewrański, 2019. "A Customized Decision Support System for Renewable Energy Application by Housing Association," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-16, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:215:y:2021:i:pa:s0360544220322313. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.