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Sliding mode observer based nonlinear control of a PEMFC integrated with a methanol reformer

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  • Sankar, K.
  • Thakre, Niraj
  • Singh, Sumit Mohan
  • Jana, Amiya K.

Abstract

This work aims at proposing a sliding mode observer (SMO) based nonlinear multivariable sliding mode controller (SMC) and globally linearizing controller (GLC) for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). First, a nonlinear dynamic model of a methanol reformer is developed to produce hydrogen for the PEMFC. The reformer model has been verified and then its parameter values are modified to scale-up the reformer for fitting with a real time fuel cell. Subsequently, a nonlinear PEMFC model is formulated and validated with experimental data. The SMC consists of a controller and an estimator, whereas the GLC consists of a transformer, an estimator and a dual-loop external proportional integral (PI) controller. A transformer that relates the manipulated variable with the external control output is developed using the differential geometry. For both the control schemes, a nonlinear sliding mode observer is formulated to avoid any additional requirement of sensor to measure other than the controlled variables. Chattering occurred in the SMO and SMC due to very large frequency stroke of the sign function to minimize the estimation error has been eliminated by using a saturation function. Finally, the proposed SMO based SMC and GLC structure are tested for the integrated methanol reformer-PEMFC system. Observing an excellent estimation performance of the SMO, we investigate a comparative performance between the SMC and GLC with reference to a dual-loop PI controller.

Suggested Citation

  • Sankar, K. & Thakre, Niraj & Singh, Sumit Mohan & Jana, Amiya K., 2017. "Sliding mode observer based nonlinear control of a PEMFC integrated with a methanol reformer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 1126-1143.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:139:y:2017:i:c:p:1126-1143
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.08.028
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Fathabadi, Hassan, 2018. "Novel fuel cell/battery/supercapacitor hybrid power source for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 467-477.
    3. Dong, Zhe & Liu, Miao & Guo, Zhiwu & Huang, Xiaojin & Zhang, Yajun & Zhang, Zuoyi, 2019. "Adaptive state-observer for monitoring flexible nuclear reactors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 893-909.
    4. Phan Anh Duong & Borim Ryu & Jinwon Jung & Hokeun Kang, 2022. "Design, Modelling, and Thermodynamic Analysis of a Novel Marine Power System Based on Methanol Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Integrated Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, and Combined Heat and Power Produ," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-27, September.
    5. Hsieh, Chuang-Yu & Pei, Pucheng & Bai, Qiang & Su, Ay & Weng, Fang-Bor & Lee, Chi-Yuan, 2021. "Results of a 200 hours lifetime test of a 7 kW Hybrid–Power fuel cell system on electric forklifts," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    6. Stropnik, R. & Sekavčnik, M. & Ferriz, A.M. & Mori, M., 2018. "Reducing environmental impacts of the ups system based on PEM fuel cell with circular economy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PB), pages 824-835.
    7. Bouguenna, Ibrahim Farouk & Azaiz, Ahmed & Tahour, Ahmed & Larbaoui, Ahmed, 2019. "Robust neuro-fuzzy sliding mode control with extended state observer for an electric drive system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 1054-1063.

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