IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/ejores/v269y2018i3p955-983.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A typology and literature review on stochastic multi-echelon inventory models

Author

Listed:
  • de Kok, Ton
  • Grob, Christopher
  • Laumanns, Marco
  • Minner, Stefan
  • Rambau, Jörg
  • Schade, Konrad

Abstract

We develop a typology for multi-echelon inventory management. The typology is used to classify and review the extensive research of multi-echelon inventory management under uncertain demand. We identify clusters of model assumptions, research goals and applied methodologies. Based on this review, existing research gaps and avenues for further research are proposed.

Suggested Citation

  • de Kok, Ton & Grob, Christopher & Laumanns, Marco & Minner, Stefan & Rambau, Jörg & Schade, Konrad, 2018. "A typology and literature review on stochastic multi-echelon inventory models," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 269(3), pages 955-983.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:269:y:2018:i:3:p:955-983
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2018.02.047
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377221718301802
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ejor.2018.02.047?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kutanoglu, Erhan & Mahajan, Mohit, 2009. "An inventory sharing and allocation method for a multi-location service parts logistics network with time-based service levels," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 194(3), pages 728-742, May.
    2. Charles P. Schmidt & Steven Nahmias, 1985. "Optimal Policy for a Two-Stage Assembly System under Random Demand," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 33(5), pages 1130-1145, October.
    3. Karaarslan, A.G. & Kiesmüller, G.P. & de Kok, A.G., 2013. "Analysis of an assemble-to-order system with different review periods," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 143(2), pages 335-341.
    4. Tee, Yeu-San & Rossetti, Manuel D., 2002. "A robustness study of a multi-echelon inventory model via simulation," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(3), pages 265-277, December.
    5. Kevin H. Shang & Jing-Sheng Song, 2003. "Newsvendor Bounds and Heuristic for Optimal Policies in Serial Supply Chains," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 49(5), pages 618-638, May.
    6. Paul Glasserman & Yashan Wang, 1998. "Leadtime-Inventory Trade-Offs in Assemble-to-Order Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 46(6), pages 858-871, December.
    7. Yingdong Lu & Jing-Sheng Song, 2005. "Order-Based Cost Optimization in Assemble-to-Order Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 53(1), pages 151-169, February.
    8. Boulaksil, Youssef, 2016. "Safety stock placement in supply chains with demand forecast updates," Operations Research Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 3(C), pages 27-31.
    9. Kevin H. Shang & Zhijie Tao & Sean X. Zhou, 2015. "Optimizing Reorder Intervals for Two-Echelon Distribution Systems with Stochastic Demand," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 63(2), pages 458-475, April.
    10. Gullu, Refik & Erkip, Nesim, 1996. "Optimal allocation policies in a two-echelon inventory problem with fixed shipment costs," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 311-321, December.
    11. Fangruo Chen & Yu-Sheng Zheng, 1994. "Lower Bounds for Multi-Echelon Stochastic Inventory Systems," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 40(11), pages 1426-1443, November.
    12. Ralph D. Badinelli, 1992. "A Model for Continuous-Review Pull Policies in Serial Inventory Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 40(1), pages 142-156, February.
    13. Corey Billington & Gianpaolo Callioni & Barrett Crane & John D. Ruark & Julie Unruh Rapp & Trace White & Sean P. Willems, 2004. "Accelerating the Profitability of Hewlett-Packard's Supply Chains," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 34(1), pages 59-72, February.
    14. Hau L. Lee & Kut C. So & Christopher S. Tang, 2000. "The Value of Information Sharing in a Two-Level Supply Chain," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 46(5), pages 626-643, May.
    15. Axsater, Sven & Olsson, Fredrik & Tydesjo, Patrik, 2007. "Heuristics for handling direct upstream demand in two-echelon distribution inventory systems," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(1-2), pages 266-270, July.
    16. Fangruo Chen, 1999. "Decentralized Supply Chains Subject to Information Delays," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 45(8), pages 1076-1090, August.
    17. Axsater, Sven & Juntti, Lars, 1996. "Comparison of echelon stock and installation stock policies for two-level inventory systems," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(1-3), pages 303-310, August.
    18. John M. Bossert & Sean P. Willems, 2007. "A Periodic-Review Modeling Approach for Guaranteed Service Supply Chains," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 37(5), pages 420-436, October.
    19. Jörg Rambau & Konrad Schade, 2014. "Erratum to: The stochastic guaranteed service model with recourse for multi-echelon warehouse management," Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research (GOR);Nederlands Genootschap voor Besliskunde (NGB), vol. 80(2), pages 225-226, October.
    20. Srinivasan Raghunathan, 2001. "Information Sharing in a Supply Chain: A Note on its Value when Demand Is Nonstationary," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 47(4), pages 605-610, April.
    21. Johan Marklund & Kaj Rosling, 2012. "Lower Bounds and Heuristics for Supply Chain Stock Allocation," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 60(1), pages 92-105, February.
    22. Yang, Guangyuan & Dekker, Rommert & Gabor, Adriana F. & Axsäter, Sven, 2013. "Service parts inventory control with lateral transshipment and pipeline stockflexibility," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(2), pages 278-289.
    23. Antony Svoronos & Paul Zipkin, 1988. "Estimating the Performance of Multi-Level Inventory Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 36(1), pages 57-72, February.
    24. Ton de Kok & Fred Janssen & Jan van Doremalen & Erik van Wachem & Mathieu Clerkx & Winfried Peeters, 2005. "Philips Electronics Synchronizes Its Supply Chain to End the Bullwhip Effect," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 35(1), pages 37-48, February.
    25. Minner, Stefan, 2001. "Strategic safety stocks in reverse logistics supply chains," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(1-3), pages 417-428, May.
    26. van Houtum, G. J. & Zijm, W. H. M., 1991. "Computational procedures for stochastic multi-echelon production systems," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 23(1-3), pages 223-237, October.
    27. Kazemi Zanjani, Masoumeh & Nourelfath, Mustapha, 2014. "Integrated spare parts logistics and operations planning for maintenance service providers," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 44-53.
    28. Kathryn E. Caggiano & John A. Muckstadt & James A. Rappold, 2006. "Integrated Real-Time Capacity and Inventory Allocation for Reparable Service Parts in a Two-Echelon Supply System," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 8(3), pages 292-319, August.
    29. Steffen T. Klosterhalfen & Stefan Minner & Sean P. Willems, 2014. "Strategic Safety Stock Placement in Supply Networks with Static Dual Supply," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 16(2), pages 204-219, May.
    30. Axsater, Sven & Rosling, Kaj, 1999. "Ranking of generalised multi-stage KANBAN policies," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 113(3), pages 560-567, March.
    31. Nozick, Linda K. & Turnquist, Mark A., 2001. "A two-echelon inventory allocation and distribution center location analysis," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 425-441, December.
    32. Elhafsi, Mohsen & Hamouda, Essia, 2015. "Managing an assemble-to-order system with after sales market for components," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 242(3), pages 828-841.
    33. Woonghee Tim Huh & Ganesh Janakiraman & Mahesh Nagarajan, 2016. "Capacitated Multiechelon Inventory Systems: Policies and Bounds," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 18(4), pages 570-584, October.
    34. Stephen C. Graves & Sean P. Willems, 2000. "Optimizing Strategic Safety Stock Placement in Supply Chains," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 2(1), pages 68-83, June.
    35. Feng Cheng & Markus Ettl & Grace Lin & David D. Yao, 2002. "Inventory-Service Optimization in Configure-to-Order Systems," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 4(2), pages 114-132, December.
    36. Kenneth F. Simpson, 1958. "In-Process Inventories," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 6(6), pages 863-873, December.
    37. M. Fattahi & M. Mahootchi & S.M. Moattar Husseini & E. Keyvanshokooh & F. Alborzi, 2015. "Investigating replenishment policies for centralised and decentralised supply chains using stochastic programming approach," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(1), pages 41-69, January.
    38. Cheng, T.C.E. & Gao, Chunyan & Shen, Houcai, 2011. "Production planning and inventory allocation of a single-product assemble-to-order system with failure-prone machines," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(2), pages 604-617, June.
    39. Hau Lee & Seungjin Whang, 1999. "Decentralized Multi-Echelon Supply Chains: Incentives and Information," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 45(5), pages 633-640, May.
    40. Li Chen & Jing-Sheng Song & Yue Zhang, 2017. "Serial Inventory Systems with Markov-Modulated Demand: Derivative Bounds, Asymptotic Analysis, and Insights," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 65(5), pages 1231-1249, October.
    41. Mitra, Subrata & Chatterjee, A. K., 2004. "Leveraging information in multi-echelon inventory systems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 152(1), pages 263-280, January.
    42. Nesim Erkip & Warren H. Hausman & Steven Nahmias, 1990. "Optimal Centralized Ordering Policies in Multi-Echelon Inventory Systems with Correlated Demands," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 36(3), pages 381-392, March.
    43. Gregory A. DeCroix & Paul H. Zipkin, 2005. "Inventory Management for an Assembly System with Product or Component Returns," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 51(8), pages 1250-1265, August.
    44. Yong-Joo Lee & Paul Zipkin, 1995. "Processing Networks with Inventories: Sequential Refinement Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 43(6), pages 1025-1036, December.
    45. R. M. Simon, 1971. "Stationary Properties of a Two-Echelon Inventory Model for Low Demand Items," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 19(3), pages 761-773, June.
    46. Diks, E. B. & de Kok, A. G., 1999. "Computational results for the control of a divergent N-echelon inventory system," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(1-3), pages 327-336, March.
    47. Alvarez, E.M. & van der Heijden, M.C. & Vliegen, I.M.H. & Zijm, W.H.M., 2014. "Service differentiation through selective lateral transshipments," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 237(3), pages 824-835.
    48. Alfredsson, Patrik, 1997. "Optimization of multi-echelon repairable item inventory systems with simultaneous location of repair facilities," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 99(3), pages 584-595, June.
    49. Chiwon Kim & Diego Klabjan & David Simchi-Levi, 2015. "Optimal Expediting Policies for a Serial Inventory System with Stochastic Lead Time," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 24(10), pages 1524-1536, October.
    50. Erica L. Plambeck & Amy R. Ward, 2007. "Note: A Separation Principle for a Class of Assemble-to-Order Systems with Expediting," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 55(3), pages 603-609, June.
    51. Stephen C. Graves, 1985. "A Multi-Echelon Inventory Model for a Repairable Item with One-for-One Replenishment," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 31(10), pages 1247-1256, October.
    52. Sven Axsäter & Marcel Kleijn & Ton de Kok, 2004. "Stock Rationing in a Continuous Review Two-Echelon Inventory Model," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 126(1), pages 177-194, February.
    53. Leroy B. Schwarz, 1989. "A Model for Assessing the Value of Warehouse Risk-Pooling: Risk-Pooling Over Outside-Supplier Leadtimes," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 35(7), pages 828-842, July.
    54. Leroy B. Schwarz & Bryan L. Deuermeyer & Ralph D. Badinelli, 1985. "Fill-Rate Optimization in a One-Warehouse N-Identical Retailer Distribution System," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 31(4), pages 488-498, April.
    55. Forsberg, Rolf, 1997. "Evaluation of (R,Q)-policies for two-level inventory systems with generally distributed customer inter-arrival times," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 99(2), pages 401-411, June.
    56. Paul Glasserman & Sridhar Tayur, 1994. "The Stability of a Capacitated, Multi-Echelon Production-Inventory System Under a Base-Stock Policy," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 42(5), pages 913-925, October.
    57. Jing-Sheng Song & Susan H. Xu & Bin Liu, 1999. "Order-Fulfillment Performance Measures in an Assemble-to-Order System with Stochastic Leadtimes," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 47(1), pages 131-149, February.
    58. Steffen Klosterhalfen & Stefan Minner, 2007. "Comparison of Stochastic- and Guaranteed-Service Approaches to Safety Stock Optimization in Supply Chains," Operations Research Proceedings, in: Karl-Heinz Waldmann & Ulrike M. Stocker (ed.), Operations Research Proceedings 2006, pages 485-490, Springer.
    59. Salal Humair & Sean P. Willems, 2011. "TECHNICAL NOTE---Optimizing Strategic Safety Stock Placement in General Acyclic Networks," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 59(3), pages 781-787, June.
    60. Petrovic, Dobrila & Roy, Rajat & Petrovic, Radivoj, 1999. "Supply chain modelling using fuzzy sets," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(1-3), pages 443-453, March.
    61. Hill, R.M. & Seifbarghy, M. & Smith, D.K., 2007. "A two-echelon inventory model with lost sales," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 181(2), pages 753-766, September.
    62. Seifbarghy, Mehdi & Jokar, Mohammad Reza Akbari, 2006. "Cost evaluation of a two-echelon inventory system with lost sales and approximately Poisson demand," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(2), pages 244-254, August.
    63. Sven Axsäter & Wen‐Fa Zhang, 1996. "Recursive evaluation of order‐up‐to‐S policies for two‐echelon inventory systems with compound Poisson demand," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 43(1), pages 151-157, February.
    64. Andrew J. Clark & Herbert Scarf, 2004. "Optimal Policies for a Multi-Echelon Inventory Problem," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(12_supple), pages 1782-1790, December.
    65. Funaki, Kenichi, 2012. "Strategic safety stock placement in supply chain design with due-date based demand," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(1), pages 4-13.
    66. Woonghee Tim Huh & Ganesh Janakiraman, 2012. "Technical Note---On Optimal Policies for Inventory Systems with Batch Ordering," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 60(4), pages 797-802, August.
    67. Yingdong Lu & Jing-Sheng Song & David D. Yao, 2003. "Order Fill Rate, Leadtime Variability, and Advance Demand Information in an Assemble-to-Order System," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 51(2), pages 292-308, April.
    68. Jing-Sheng Song, 1998. "On the Order Fill Rate in a Multi-Item, Base-Stock Inventory System," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 46(6), pages 831-845, December.
    69. Kevin H. Shang & Sean X. Zhou, 2010. "Optimal and Heuristic Echelon ( r, nQ, T ) Policies in Serial Inventory Systems with Fixed Costs," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 58(2), pages 414-427, April.
    70. Erhun Özkan & Geert-Jan Houtum & Yasemin Serin, 2015. "A new approximate evaluation method for two-echelon inventory systems with emergency shipments," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 224(1), pages 147-169, January.
    71. Petrovic, Dobrila & Roy, Rajat & Petrovic, Radivoj, 1998. "Modelling and simulation of a supply chain in an uncertain environment," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 109(2), pages 299-309, September.
    72. de Kok, Ton G. & Visschers, Jeremy W. C. H., 1999. "Analysis of assembly systems with service level constraints," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(1-3), pages 313-326, March.
    73. Johan Marklund, 2006. "Controlling Inventories in Divergent Supply Chains with Advance-Order Information," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 54(5), pages 988-1010, October.
    74. Grace Lin & Markus Ettl & Steve Buckley & Sugato Bagchi & David D. Yao & Bret L. Naccarato & Rob Allan & Kerry Kim & Lisa Koenig, 2000. "Extended-Enterprise Supply-Chain Management at IBM Personal Systems Group and Other Divisions," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 30(1), pages 7-25, February.
    75. Diaz, Angel & Fu, Michael C., 1997. "Models for multi-echelon repairable item inventory systems with limited repair capacity," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 97(3), pages 480-492, March.
    76. Gregory A. DeCroix & Jing-Sheng Song & Paul H. Zipkin, 2009. "Managing an Assemble-to-Order System with Returns," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 11(1), pages 144-159, October.
    77. ElHafsi, Mohsen, 2009. "Optimal integrated production and inventory control of an assemble-to-order system with multiple non-unitary demand classes," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 194(1), pages 127-142, April.
    78. Ohno, Katsuhisa & Boh, Toshitaka & Nakade, Koichi & Tamura, Takayoshi, 2016. "New approximate dynamic programming algorithms for large-scale undiscounted Markov decision processes and their application to optimize a production and distribution system," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 249(1), pages 22-31.
    79. Mitra, Subrata & Chatterjee, A. K., 2004. "Echelon stock based continuous review (R,Q) policy for fast moving items," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 161-166, April.
    80. Kevin H. Shang & Jing-Sheng Song, 2007. "Serial Supply Chains with Economies of Scale: Bounds and Approximations," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 55(5), pages 843-853, October.
    81. Lagodimos, A. G., 1993. "Models for evaluating the performance of serial and assembly MRP systems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(1), pages 49-68, July.
    82. Sven Axsäter & Johan Marklund, 2008. "Optimal Position-Based Warehouse Ordering in Divergent Two-Echelon Inventory Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 56(4), pages 976-991, August.
    83. Brian Wieland & Pat Mastrantonio & Sean P. Willems & Karl G. Kempf, 2012. "Optimizing Inventory Levels Within Intel's Channel Supply Demand Operations," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 42(6), pages 517-527, December.
    84. Fangruo Chen & Jing-Sheng Song, 2001. "Optimal Policies for Multiechelon Inventory Problems with Markov-Modulated Demand," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 49(2), pages 226-234, April.
    85. Gérard P. Cachon, 1999. "Managing Supply Chain Demand Variability with Scheduled Ordering Policies," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 45(6), pages 843-856, June.
    86. Klosterhalfen, Steffen T. & Dittmar, Daniel & Minner, Stefan, 2013. "An integrated guaranteed- and stochastic-service approach to inventory optimization in supply chains," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 231(1), pages 109-119.
    87. John A. Muckstadt & L. Joseph Thomas, 1980. "Are Multi-Echelon Inventory Methods Worth Implementing in Systems with Low-Demand-Rate Items?," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 26(5), pages 483-494, May.
    88. Axsater, Sven & Zhang, Wen-Fa, 1999. "A joint replenishment policy for multi-echelon inventory control," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(1-3), pages 243-250, March.
    89. Inderfurth, Karl, 1991. "Safety stock optimization in multi-stage inventory systems," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 24(1-2), pages 103-113, November.
    90. Yunzeng Wang & Morris A. Cohen & Yu-Sheng Zheng, 2000. "A Two-Echelon Repairable Inventory System with Stocking-Center-Dependent Depot Replenishment Lead Times," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 46(11), pages 1441-1453, November.
    91. Stephen C. Graves & Sean P. Willems, 2008. "Strategic Inventory Placement in Supply Chains: Nonstationary Demand," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 10(2), pages 278-287, March.
    92. Forsberg, Rolf, 1997. "Exact evaluation of (R, Q)-policies for two-level inventory systems with Poisson demand," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 96(1), pages 130-138, January.
    93. R. Basten & M. Heijden & J. Schutten & E. Kutanoglu, 2015. "An approximate approach for the joint problem of level of repair analysis and spare parts stocking," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 224(1), pages 121-145, January.
    94. Bollapragada, rinivas & Akella, Ram & Srinivasan, Ramesh, 1998. "Centralized ordering and allocation policies in a two-echelon system with non-identical warehouses," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 106(1), pages 74-81, April.
    95. Stephen C. Graves & Tor Schoenmeyr, 2016. "Strategic Safety-Stock Placement in Supply Chains with Capacity Constraints," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 18(3), pages 445-460, July.
    96. Mustafa K. Doğru & Martin I. Reiman & Qiong Wang, 2010. "A Stochastic Programming Based Inventory Policy for Assemble-to-Order Systems with Application to the W Model," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 58(4-part-1), pages 849-864, August.
    97. Woonghee Tim Huh & Ganesh Janakiraman, 2010. "On the Optimal Policy Structure in Serial Inventory Systems with Lost Sales," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 58(2), pages 486-491, April.
    98. Awi Federgruen & Paul Zipkin, 1984. "Computational Issues in an Infinite-Horizon, Multiechelon Inventory Model," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 32(4), pages 818-836, August.
    99. Fangruo Chen, 1999. "94%-Effective Policies for a Two-Stage Serial Inventory System with Stochastic Demand," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 45(12), pages 1679-1696, December.
    100. Kathryn E. Caggiano & Peter L. Jackson & John A. Muckstadt & James A. Rappold, 2007. "Optimizing Service Parts Inventory in a Multiechelon, Multi-Item Supply Chain with Time-Based Customer Service-Level Agreements," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 55(2), pages 303-318, April.
    101. van der Heijden, Matthieu C., 1999. "Multi-echelon inventory control in divergent systems with shipping frequencies," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 116(2), pages 331-351, July.
    102. van den Berg, D. & van der Heijden, M.C. & Schuur, P.C., 2016. "Allocating service parts in two-echelon networks at a utility company," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 181(PA), pages 58-67.
    103. Stephen C. Graves & Sean P. Willems, 2005. "Optimizing the Supply Chain Configuration for New Products," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 51(8), pages 1165-1180, August.
    104. Needham, Paul M. & Evers, Philip T., 1998. "The influence of individual cost factors on the use of emergency transshipments," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 149-160, June.
    105. Joel Goh & Evan L. Porteus, 2016. "Multi-Echelon Inventory Management under Short-Term Take-or-Pay Contracts," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 25(8), pages 1415-1429, August.
    106. Retsef Levi & Robin Roundy & Van Anh Truong & Xinshang Wang, 2017. "Provably Near-Optimal Balancing Policies for Multi-Echelon Stochastic Inventory Control Models," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 42(1), pages 256-276, January.
    107. van der Heijden, M.C., 1997. "Supply rationing in multi-echelon divergent systems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 101(3), pages 532-549, September.
    108. Marc A. De Bodt & Stephen C. Graves, 1985. "Continuous-Review Policies for a Multi-Echelon Inventory Problem with Stochastic Demand," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 31(10), pages 1286-1299, October.
    109. Buyukkurt, M. Demirbag & Parlar, M., 1993. "A comparison of allocation policies in a two-echelon repairable-item inventory model," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 29(3), pages 291-302, May.
    110. Andersson, Jonas & Marklund, Johan, 2000. "Decentralized inventory control in a two-level distribution system," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 127(3), pages 483-506, December.
    111. Liming Liu & Xiaoming Liu & David D. Yao, 2004. "Analysis and Optimization of a Multistage Inventory-Queue System," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(3), pages 365-380, March.
    112. Axsater, Sven & Rosling, Kaj, 1994. "Multi-level production-inventory control: Material requirements planning or reorder point policies?," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 75(2), pages 405-412, June.
    113. Ki Ling Cheung & Hau L. Lee, 2002. "The Inventory Benefit of Shipment Coordination and Stock Rebalancing in a Supply Chain," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 48(2), pages 300-306, February.
    114. Berling, Peter & Farvid, Mojtaba, 2014. "Lead-time investigation and estimation in divergent supply chains," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 177-189.
    115. H. Jönsson & E. A. Silver, 1987. "Analysis of a Two-Echelon Inventory Control System with Complete Redistribution," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 33(2), pages 215-227, February.
    116. Mustafa Çagri Gürbüz & Kamran Moinzadeh & Yong-Pin Zhou, 2007. "Coordinated Replenishment Strategies in Inventory/Distribution Systems," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 53(2), pages 293-307, February.
    117. Paul Glasserman & Sridhar Tayur, 1995. "Sensitivity Analysis for Base-Stock Levels in Multiechelon Production-Inventory Systems," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 41(2), pages 263-281, February.
    118. Berling, Peter & Marklund, Johan, 2013. "A model for heuristic coordination of real life distribution inventory systems with lumpy demand," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 230(3), pages 515-526.
    119. Kaj Rosling, 1989. "Optimal Inventory Policies for Assembly Systems Under Random Demands," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 37(4), pages 565-579, August.
    120. Y Perlman & A Mehrez & M Kaspi, 2001. "Setting expediting repair policy in a multi-echelon repairable-item inventory system with limited repair capacity," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 52(2), pages 198-209, February.
    121. Ingrid Farasyn & Salal Humair & Joel I. Kahn & John J. Neale & Oscar Rosen & John Ruark & William Tarlton & Wim Van de Velde & Glenn Wegryn & Sean P. Willems, 2011. "Inventory Optimization at Procter & Gamble: Achieving Real Benefits Through User Adoption of Inventory Tools," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 41(1), pages 66-78, February.
    122. Hyouk Yoon & Sungtae Jung & Sangjin Lee, 2015. "The effect analysis of multi-echelon inventory models considering demand rate uncertainty and limited maintenance capacity," International Journal of Operational Research, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 24(1), pages 38-58.
    123. Alexandar Angelus & Özalp Özer, 2016. "Knowledge You Can Act on: Optimal Policies for Assembly Systems with Expediting and Advance Demand Information," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 64(6), pages 1338-1371, December.
    124. Forsberg, Rolf, 1995. "Optimization of order-up-to-S policies for two-level inventory systems with compound Poisson demand," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 81(1), pages 143-153, February.
    125. John J. Neale & Sean P. Willems, 2009. "Managing Inventory in Supply Chains with Nonstationary Demand," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 39(5), pages 388-399, October.
    126. Edward J. McGavin & Leroy B. Schwarz & James E. Ward, 1993. "Two-Interval Inventory-Allocation Policies in a One-Warehouse N-Identical-Retailer Distribution System," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 39(9), pages 1092-1107, September.
    127. Erica L. Plambeck & Amy R. Ward, 2006. "Optimal Control of a High-Volume Assemble-to-Order System," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 31(3), pages 453-477, August.
    128. Morris A. Cohen & Hau L. Lee, 1988. "Strategic Analysis of Integrated Production-Distribution Systems: Models and Methods," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 36(2), pages 216-228, April.
    129. Zijm, Henk & Van Houtum, Geert-Jan, 1994. "On multi-stage production/inventory systems under stochastic demand," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(1-3), pages 391-400, June.
    130. Lingxiu Dong & Hau L. Lee, 2003. "Optimal Policies and Approximations for a Serial Multiechelon Inventory System with Time-Correlated Demand," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 51(6), pages 969-980, December.
    131. Zied Jemai & Ayse Sena & Evren Sahin & Yves Dallery, 2013. "Cycle-Service-Level in Guaranteed-Service Supply Chains," Post-Print hal-01672414, HAL.
    132. Srinagesh Gavirneni, 2002. "Information Flows in Capacitated Supply Chains with Fixed Ordering Costs," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 48(5), pages 644-651, May.
    133. Erica L. Plambeck, 2008. "Asymptotically Optimal Control for an Assemble-to-Order System with Capacitated Component Production and Fixed Transport Costs," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 56(5), pages 1158-1171, October.
    134. Zipkin, Paul, 1995. "Processing networks with planned inventories: Tandem queues with feedback," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 80(2), pages 344-349, January.
    135. Qingkai Ji & Lijun Sun & Xiangpei Hu & Jing Hou, 2016. "Optimal policies of a two-echelon serial inventory system with general limited capacities," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(20), pages 6142-6155, October.
    136. Wheatley, David & Gzara, Fatma & Jewkes, Elizabeth, 2015. "Logic-based Benders decomposition for an inventory-location problem with service constraints," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 10-23.
    137. Gregory A. DeCroix, 2006. "Optimal Policy for a Multiechelon Inventory System with Remanufacturing," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 54(3), pages 532-543, June.
    138. Kevin H. Shang & Jing-Sheng Song & Paul H. Zipkin, 2009. "Coordination Mechanisms in Decentralized Serial Inventory Systems with Batch Ordering," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 55(4), pages 685-695, April.
    139. Tianjun Feng & Fuqiang Zhang, 2014. "The Impact of Modular Assembly on Supply Chain Efficiency," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 23(11), pages 1985-2001, November.
    140. Ganesh Janakiraman & John A. Muckstadt, 2009. "A Decomposition Approach for a Class of Capacitated Serial Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 57(6), pages 1384-1393, December.
    141. Elisa Alvarez & Matthieu Heijden & W. Zijm, 2015. "Service differentiation in spare parts supply through dedicated stocks," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 231(1), pages 283-303, August.
    142. Craig C. Sherbrooke, 1968. "Metric: A Multi-Echelon Technique for Recoverable Item Control," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 16(1), pages 122-141, February.
    143. Inderfurth, Karl & Minner, Stefan, 1998. "Safety stocks in multi-stage inventory systems under different service measures," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 106(1), pages 57-73, April.
    144. Ramesh Bollapragada & Saravanan Kuppusamy & Uday S. Rao, 2015. "Component procurement and end product assembly in an uncertain supply and demand environment," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(3), pages 969-982, February.
    145. Howard, Christian & Marklund, Johan, 2011. "Evaluation of stock allocation policies in a divergent inventory system with shipment consolidation," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 211(2), pages 298-309, June.
    146. Xin Xu & Yao Zhao & Ching-Yu Chen, 2016. "Project-driven supply chains: integrating safety-stock and crashing decisions for recurrent projects," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 241(1), pages 225-247, June.
    147. Warren H. Hausman & Nesim K. Erkip, 1994. "Multi-Echelon vs. Single-Echelon Inventory Control Policies for Low-Demand Items," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 40(5), pages 597-602, May.
    148. Saif Benjaafar & Mohsen ElHafsi & Chung-Yee Lee & Weihua Zhou, 2011. "TECHNICAL NOTE---Optimal Control of an Assembly System with Multiple Stages and Multiple Demand Classes," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 59(2), pages 522-529, April.
    149. Liberopoulos, George & Koukoumialos, Stelios, 2005. "Tradeoffs between base stock levels, numbers of kanbans, and planned supply lead times in production/inventory systems with advance demand information," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(2), pages 213-232, May.
    150. Willem van Jaarsveld & Alan Scheller-Wolf, 2015. "Optimization of Industrial-Scale Assemble-to-Order Systems," INFORMS Journal on Computing, INFORMS, vol. 27(3), pages 544-560, August.
    151. Yalçin Akçay & Susan H. Xu, 2004. "Joint Inventory Replenishment and Component Allocation Optimization in an Assemble-to-Order System," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(1), pages 99-116, January.
    152. Sven Axsäter & Kaj Rosling, 1993. "Notes: Installation vs. Echelon Stock Policies for Multilevel Inventory Control," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 39(10), pages 1274-1280, October.
    153. Fangruo Chen, 1998. "Echelon Reorder Points, Installation Reorder Points, and the Value of Centralized Demand Information," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 44(12-Part-2), pages 221-234, December.
    154. Özalp Özer, 2003. "Replenishment Strategies for Distribution Systems Under Advance Demand Information," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 49(3), pages 255-272, March.
    155. Tempelmeier, Horst, 1993. "Safety stock allocation in a two-echelon distribution system," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 65(1), pages 96-117, February.
    156. Iida, Tetsuo, 2001. "The infinite horizon non-stationary stochastic multi-echelon inventory problem and near-myopic policies," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 134(3), pages 525-539, November.
    157. Gérard P. Cachon & Marshall Fisher, 2000. "Supply Chain Inventory Management and the Value of Shared Information," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 46(8), pages 1032-1048, August.
    158. Ricardo Ernst & David F. Pyke, 1992. "Component part stocking policies," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 39(4), pages 509-529, June.
    159. van Donselaar, Karel, 1990. "Integral stock norms in divergent systems with lot-sizes," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 70-84, March.
    160. Albrecht, Martin, 2014. "Determining near optimal base-stock levels in two-stage general inventory systems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 232(2), pages 342-349.
    161. Wong, Hartanto & Cattrysse, Dirk & Van Oudheusden, Dirk, 2005. "Stocking decisions for repairable spare parts pooling in a multi-hub system," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(1), pages 309-317, January.
    162. van der Heijden, Matthieu, 2000. "Near cost-optimal inventory control policies for divergent networks under fill rate constraints," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(2), pages 161-179, January.
    163. Grace Hua, N. & Willems, Sean P., 2016. "Analytical insights into two-stage serial line supply chain safety stock," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 181(PA), pages 107-112.
    164. Kamran Moinzadeh, 2002. "A Multi-Echelon Inventory System with Information Exchange," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 48(3), pages 414-426, March.
    165. Alp Muharremoglu & Nan Yang, 2010. "Inventory Management with an Exogenous Supply Process," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 58(1), pages 111-129, February.
    166. Hossein Abouee-Mehrizi & Opher Baron & Oded Berman, 2014. "Exact Analysis of Capacitated Two-Echelon Inventory Systems with Priorities," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 16(4), pages 561-577, October.
    167. Jing-Sheng Song, 2000. "A Note on Assemble-to-Order Systems with Batch Ordering," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 46(5), pages 739-743, May.
    168. Salal Humair & John D. Ruark & Brian Tomlin & Sean P. Willems, 2013. "Incorporating Stochastic Lead Times Into the Guaranteed Service Model of Safety Stock Optimization," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 43(5), pages 421-434, October.
    169. van der Heijden, M. C. & Diks, E. B. & de Kok, A. G., 1997. "Stock allocation in general multi-echelon distribution systems with (R, S) order-up-to-policies," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(2), pages 157-174, April.
    170. Andersson, Jonas & Melchiors, Philip, 2001. "A two-echelon inventory model with lost sales," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(3), pages 307-315, February.
    171. Süleyman Demirel & Izak Duenyas & Roman Kapuscinski, 2015. "Production and Inventory Control for a Make-to-Stock/Calibrate-to-Order System with Dedicated and Shared Resources," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 63(4), pages 823-839, August.
    172. Stephen C. Graves, 1996. "A Multiechelon Inventory Model with Fixed Replenishment Intervals," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 42(1), pages 1-18, January.
    173. Gérard P. Cachon & Paul H. Zipkin, 1999. "Competitive and Cooperative Inventory Policies in a Two-Stage Supply Chain," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 45(7), pages 936-953, July.
    174. Steven Nahmias & Stephen A. Smith, 1994. "Optimizing Inventory Levels in a Two-Echelon Retailer System with Partial Lost Sales," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 40(5), pages 582-596, May.
    175. Tor Schoenmeyr & Stephen C. Graves, 2009. "Strategic Safety Stocks in Supply Chains with Evolving Forecasts," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 11(4), pages 657-673, March.
    176. Verrijdt, J. H. C. M. & de Kok, A. G., 1996. "Distribution planning for a divergent depotless two-echelon network under service constraints," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 89(2), pages 341-354, March.
    177. Salal Humair & Sean P. Willems, 2006. "Optimizing Strategic Safety Stock Placement in Supply Chains with Clusters of Commonality," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 54(4), pages 725-742, August.
    178. Lagodimos, A.G. & Koukoumialos, S., 2008. "Service performance of two-echelon supply chains under linear rationing," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 112(2), pages 869-884, April.
    179. Alp Muharremoglu & John N. Tsitsiklis, 2008. "A Single-Unit Decomposition Approach to Multiechelon Inventory Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 56(5), pages 1089-1103, October.
    180. Fangruo Chen & Yu-Sheng Zheng, 1998. "Near-Optimal Echelon-Stock (R, nQ) Policies in Multistage Serial Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 46(4), pages 592-602, August.
    181. van der Heijden, M. C., 1992. "Analysing divergent logistic networks with local (R, S) inventory control," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 187-219, October.
    182. Wenjun Ni & Jia Shu, 2015. "Trade-off between service time and carbon emissions for safety stock placement in multi-echelon supply chains," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(22), pages 6701-6718, November.
    183. van Donselaar, K. & Wijngaard, J., 1987. "Commonality and safety stocks," Engineering Costs and Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(1-4), pages 197-204, July.
    184. Kevin H. Shang, 2012. "Single-Stage Approximations for Optimal Policies in Serial Inventory Systems with Nonstationary Demand," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 14(3), pages 414-422, July.
    185. Antony Svoronos & Paul Zipkin, 1991. "Evaluation of One-for-One Replenishment Policies for Multiechelon Inventory Systems," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 37(1), pages 68-83, January.
    186. John A. Muckstadt, 1973. "A Model for a Multi-Item, Multi-Echelon, Multi-Indenture Inventory System," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 20(4-Part-I), pages 472-481, December.
    187. Jörg Rambau & Konrad Schade, 2014. "The stochastic guaranteed service model with recourse for multi-echelon warehouse management," Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research (GOR);Nederlands Genootschap voor Besliskunde (NGB), vol. 79(3), pages 293-326, June.
    188. Oben Ceryan & Izak Duenyas & Yoram Koren, 2012. "Optimal control of an assembly system with demand for the end-product and intermediate components," IISE Transactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(5), pages 386-403.
    189. Kamran Moinzadeh & Prabhu K. Aggarwal, 1997. "An Information Based Multiechelon Inventory System with Emergency Orders," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 45(5), pages 694-701, October.
    190. Mohsen Elhafsi & Li Zhi & Herve Camus & Etienne Craye, 2015. "An assemble-to-order system with product and components demand with lost sales," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(3), pages 718-735, February.
    191. Adam Fleischhacker & Anh Ninh & Yao Zhao, 2015. "Positioning Inventory in Clinical Trial Supply Chains," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 24(6), pages 991-1011, June.
    192. Fangruo Chen & Yu-Sheng Zheng, 1994. "Evaluating Echelon Stock (R, nQ) Policies in Serial Production/Inventory Systems with Stochastic Demand," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 40(10), pages 1262-1275, October.
    193. Lu, Yingdong, 2008. "Performance analysis for assemble-to-order systems with general renewal arrivals and random batch demands," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 185(2), pages 635-647, March.
    194. Jörn Grahl & Stefan Minner & Daniel Dittmar, 2016. "Meta-heuristics for placing strategic safety stock in multi-echelon inventory with differentiated service times," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 242(2), pages 489-504, July.
    195. Schildbach, Georg & Morari, Manfred, 2016. "Scenario-based model predictive control for multi-echelon supply chain management," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 252(2), pages 540-549.
    196. Frank Chen & Zvi Drezner & Jennifer K. Ryan & David Simchi-Levi, 2000. "Quantifying the Bullwhip Effect in a Simple Supply Chain: The Impact of Forecasting, Lead Times, and Information," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 46(3), pages 436-443, March.
    197. Guillermo Gallego & Paul Zipkin, 1999. "Stock Positioning and Performance Estimation in Serial Production-Transportation Systems," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 1(1), pages 77-88.
    198. Fangruo Chen, 2000. "Optimal Policies for Multi-Echelon Inventory Problems with Batch Ordering," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 48(3), pages 376-389, June.
    199. Martin I. Reiman & Qiong Wang, 2015. "Asymptotically Optimal Inventory Control for Assemble-to-Order Systems with Identical Lead Times," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 63(3), pages 716-732, June.
    200. Kevin H. Shang & Jing-Sheng Song, 2006. "A Closed-Form Approximation for Serial Inventory Systems and Its Application to System Design," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 8(4), pages 394-406, September.
    201. Sleptchenko, A. & van der Heijden, M. C. & van Harten, A., 2002. "Effects of finite repair capacity in multi-echelon, multi-indenture service part supply systems," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(3), pages 209-230, October.
    202. Markus Ettl & Gerald E. Feigin & Grace Y. Lin & David D. Yao, 2000. "A Supply Network Model with Base-Stock Control and Service Requirements," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 48(2), pages 216-232, April.
    203. Ming Hu & Yi Yang, 2014. "Modified Echelon ( r, Q ) Policies with Guaranteed Performance Bounds for Stochastic Serial Inventory Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 62(4), pages 812-828, August.
    204. Ki Ling Cheung & Warren H. Hausman, 2000. "An Exact Performance Evaluation for the Supplier in a Two-Echelon Inventory System," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 48(4), pages 646-653, August.
    205. Diks, E. B. & de Kok, A. G., 1998. "Optimal control of a divergent multi-echelon inventory system," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 111(1), pages 75-97, November.
    206. Alvarez, Elisa & van der Heijden, Matthieu, 2014. "On two-echelon inventory systems with Poisson demand and lost sales," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 235(1), pages 334-338.
    207. Xiuli Chao & Sean X. Zhou, 2009. "Optimal Policy for a Multiechelon Inventory System with Batch Ordering and Fixed Replenishment Intervals," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 57(2), pages 377-390, April.
    208. Kai Huang, 2014. "Benchmarking non-first-come-first-served component allocation in an assemble-to-order system," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 223(1), pages 217-237, December.
    209. Maqbool Dada, 1992. "A Two-Echelon Inventory System with Priority Shipments," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 38(8), pages 1140-1153, August.
    210. Chen, Frank Y. & Feng, Youyi & Simchi-Levi, David, 2002. "Uniform distribution of inventory positions in two-echelon periodic review systems with batch-ordering policies and interdependent demands," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 140(3), pages 648-654, August.
    211. Kevin Chiang, Wei-yu & Monahan, George E., 2005. "Managing inventories in a two-echelon dual-channel supply chain," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 162(2), pages 325-341, April.
    212. Banerjee, Avijit & Burton, Jonathan & Banerjee, Snehamay, 2003. "A simulation study of lateral shipments in single supplier, multiple buyers supply chain networks," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(1), pages 103-114, January.
    213. Giannoccaro, Ilaria & Pontrandolfo, Pierpaolo & Scozzi, Barbara, 2003. "A fuzzy echelon approach for inventory management in supply chains," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 149(1), pages 185-196, August.
    214. de Kok, A. G., 1990. "Hierarchical production planning for consumer goods," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 55-69, March.
    215. Diks, E. B. & de Kok, A. G., 1996. "Controlling a divergent 2-echelon network with transshipments using the consistent appropriate share rationing policy," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(1-3), pages 369-379, August.
    216. Craig C. Sherbrooke, 1986. "VARI-METRIC : Improved Approximations for Multi-Indenture, Multi-Echelon Availability Models," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 34(2), pages 311-319, April.
    217. Ganeshan, Ram, 1999. "Managing supply chain inventories: A multiple retailer, one warehouse, multiple supplier model," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(1-3), pages 341-354, March.
    218. Ke Fu & Vernon Ning Hsu & Chung-Yee Lee, 2006. "Inventory and Production Decisions for an Assemble-to-Order System with Uncertain Demand and Limited Assembly Capacity," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 54(6), pages 1137-1150, December.
    219. Kevin H. Shang, 2008. "Note: A Simple Heuristic for Serial Inventory Systems with Fixed Order Costs," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 56(4), pages 1039-1043, August.
    220. Barbara Amdur Rosenbaum, 1981. "Service Level Relationships in a Multi-Echelon Inventory System," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 27(8), pages 926-945, August.
    221. E. P. Chew & L. A. Johnson, 1995. "Service levels in distribution systems with random customer order size," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(1), pages 39-56, February.
    222. Fangruo Chen & Yu-Sheng Zheng, 1997. "One-Warehouse Multiretailer Systems with Centralized Stock Information," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 45(2), pages 275-287, April.
    223. Alex X. Zhang, 1997. "Demand Fulfillment Rates In An Assembleto‐ Order System With Multiple Products And Dependent Demands," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 6(3), pages 309-324, September.
    224. Hau L. Lee & Corey Billington, 1993. "Material Management in Decentralized Supply Chains," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 41(5), pages 835-847, October.
    225. Hau L. Lee, 1987. "A Multi-Echelon Inventory Model for Repairable Items with Emergency Lateral Transshipments," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 33(10), pages 1302-1316, October.
    226. Kamran Moinzadeh & Hau L. Lee, 1986. "Batch Size and Stocking Levels in Multi-Echelon Repairable Systems," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 32(12), pages 1567-1581, December.
    227. Emre Nadar & Mustafa Akan & Alan Scheller-Wolf, 2016. "Experimental Results Indicating Lattice-Dependent Policies May Be Optimal for General Assemble-To-Order Systems," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 25(4), pages 647-661, April.
    228. Patrik Alfredsson & Jos Verrijdt, 1999. "Modeling Emergency Supply Flexibility in a Two-Echelon Inventory System," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 45(10), pages 1416-1431, October.
    229. Dekker, R. & Kleijn, M. J. & de Kok, A. G., 1998. "The break quantity rule's effect on inventory costs in a 1-warehouse, N-retailers distribution system," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(1), pages 61-68, September.
    230. Emre Nadar & Mustafa Akan & Alan Scheller-Wolf, 2014. "Technical Note---Optimal Structural Results for Assemble-to-Order Generalized M -Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 62(3), pages 571-579, June.
    231. Kevin H. Shang & Sean X. Zhou & Geert-Jan van Houtum, 2010. "Improving Supply Chain Performance: Real-Time Demand Information and Flexible Deliveries," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 12(3), pages 430-448, May.
    232. Mustafa K. Doğru & Martin I. Reiman & Qiong Wang, 2017. "Assemble-to-Order Inventory Management via Stochastic Programming: Chained BOMs and the M-System," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 26(3), pages 446-468, March.
    233. Guillermo Gallego & Özalp Özer & Paul Zipkin, 2007. "Bounds, Heuristics, and Approximations for Distribution Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 55(3), pages 503-517, June.
    234. Yingdong Lu & Jing-Sheng Song & Yao Zhao, 2010. "No-Holdback Allocation Rules for Continuous-Time Assemble-to-Order Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 58(3), pages 691-705, June.
    235. Verrijdt, J. H. C. M. & de Kok, A. G., 1995. "Distribution planning for a divergent N-echelon network without intermediate stocks under service restrictions," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 38(2-3), pages 225-243, March.
    236. Chew, Ek Peng & Tang, Loon Ching, 1995. "Warehouse-retailer system with stochastic demands -- Non-identical retailer case," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 82(1), pages 98-110, April.
    237. Saif Benjaafar & Mohsen ElHafsi, 2006. "Production and Inventory Control of a Single Product Assemble-to-Order System with Multiple Customer Classes," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 52(12), pages 1896-1912, December.
    238. Vincent P. Simpson, 1978. "Optimum Solution Structure for a Repairable Inventory Problem," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 26(2), pages 270-281, April.
    239. Gao, Chunyan & Shen, Houcai & Cheng, T.C.E., 2010. "Order-fulfillment performance analysis of an assemble-to-order system with unreliable machines," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 126(2), pages 341-349, August.
    240. Savas Dayanik & Jing-Sheng Song & Susan H. Xu, 2003. "The Effectiveness of Several Performance Bounds for Capacitated Production, Partial-Order-Service, Assemble-to-Order Systems," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 5(3), pages 230-251, December.
    241. Stephen C. Graves & David B. Kletter & William B. Hetzel, 1998. "A Dynamic Model for Requirements Planning with Application to Supply Chain Optimization," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 46(3-supplem), pages 35-49, June.
    242. Hua, N. Grace & Willems, Sean P., 2016. "Optimally configuring a two-stage serial line supply chain under the guaranteed service model," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 181(PA), pages 98-106.
    243. Michael H. Veatch & Lawrence M. Wein, 1994. "Optimal Control of a Two-Station Tandem Production/Inventory System," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 42(2), pages 337-350, April.
    244. Gérard P. Cachon, 2001. "Exact Evaluation of Batch-Ordering Inventory Policies in Two-Echelon Supply Chains with Periodic Review," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 49(1), pages 79-98, February.
    245. Axsater, Sven & Forsberg, Rolf & Zhang, Wen-Fa, 1994. "Approximating general multi-echelon inventory systems by Poisson models," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(1-3), pages 201-206, June.
    246. Olof Stenius & Ayşe Gönül Karaarslan & Johan Marklund & A. G. de Kok, 2016. "Exact Analysis of Divergent Inventory Systems with Time-Based Shipment Consolidation and Compound Poisson Demand," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 64(4), pages 906-921, August.
    247. Tian, Feng & Willems, Sean P. & Kempf, Karl G., 2011. "An iterative approach to item-level tactical production and inventory planning," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(1), pages 439-450, September.
    248. Peter Berling & Victor Martínez-de-Albéniz, 2016. "Dynamic Speed Optimization in Supply Chains with Stochastic Demand," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(3), pages 1114-1127, August.
    249. Geert-Jan van Houtum & Alan Scheller-Wolf & Jinxin Yi, 2007. "Optimal Control of Serial Inventory Systems with Fixed Replenishment Intervals," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 55(4), pages 674-687, August.
    250. Banerjee, Snehamay & Banerjee, Avijit & Burton, Jonathan & Bistline, William, 2001. "Controlled partial shipments in two-echelon supply chain networks: a simulation study," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(1-3), pages 91-100, May.
    251. Paul Zipkin, 1984. "On the Imbalance of Inventories in Multi-Echelon Systems," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 9(3), pages 402-423, August.
    252. Jing-Sheng Song & Yao Zhao, 2009. "The Value of Component Commonality in a Dynamic Inventory System with Lead Times," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 11(3), pages 493-508, March.
    253. Zied Jemai & Ayse Sena Eruguz & Evren Sahin & Yves Dallery, 2014. "Optimising reorder intervals and order-up-to levels in guaranteed service supply chains," Post-Print hal-01672392, HAL.
    254. Jovan Grahovac & Amiya Chakravarty, 2001. "Sharing and Lateral Transshipment of Inventory in a Supply Chain with Expensive Low-Demand Items," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 47(4), pages 579-594, April.
    255. Sven Axsäter & Johan Marklund & Edward A. Silver, 2002. "Heuristic Methods for Centralized Control of One-Warehouse, N-Retailer Inventory Systems," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 4(1), pages 75-97, October.
    256. Rappold, James A. & Van Roo, Ben D., 2009. "Designing multi-echelon service parts networks with finite repair capacity," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 199(3), pages 781-792, December.
    257. Morris Cohen & Pasumarti V. Kamesam & Paul Kleindorfer & Hau Lee & Armen Tekerian, 1990. "Optimizer: IBM's Multi-Echelon Inventory System for Managing Service Logistics," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 20(1), pages 65-82, February.
    258. Sechan Oh & Karthik Sourirajan & Markus Ettl, 2014. "Joint Pricing and Production Decisions in an Assemble-to-Order System," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 16(4), pages 529-543, October.
    259. Fangruo Chen & Rungson Samroengraja, 2000. "A Staggered Ordering Policy for One-Warehouse, Multiretailer Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 48(2), pages 281-293, April.
    260. Bertazzi, Luca & Bosco, Adamo & Laganà, Demetrio, 2016. "Min–Max exact and heuristic policies for a two-echelon supply chain with inventory and transportation procurement decisions," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 57-70.
    261. Ashesh Kumar Sinha & Ananth Krishnamurthy, 2016. "Dual index production and subcontracting policies for assemble-to-order systems," IISE Transactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(5), pages 415-427, May.
    262. Gupta, Amit & Albright, S. Christian, 1992. "Steady-state approximations for a multi-echelon multi-indentured repairable-item inventory system," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 62(3), pages 340-353, November.
    263. Peter L. Jackson, 1988. "Stock Allocation in a Two-Echelon Distribution System Or "What to Do Until Your Ship Comes In"," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 34(7), pages 880-895, July.
    264. Burton, Jonathan & Banerjee, Avijit, 2005. "Cost-parametric analysis of lateral transshipment policies in two-echelon supply chains," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(1), pages 169-178, January.
    265. Rodney P. Parker & Roman Kapuscinski, 2004. "Optimal Policies for a Capacitated Two-Echelon Inventory System," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 52(5), pages 739-755, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Atan, Zümbül & Ahmadi, Taher & Stegehuis, Clara & Kok, Ton de & Adan, Ivo, 2017. "Assemble-to-order systems: A review," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 261(3), pages 866-879.
    2. Eruguz, Ayse Sena & Sahin, Evren & Jemai, Zied & Dallery, Yves, 2016. "A comprehensive survey of guaranteed-service models for multi-echelon inventory optimization," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 110-125.
    3. Diks, E. B. & de Kok, A. G. & Lagodimos, A. G., 1996. "Multi-echelon systems: A service measure perspective," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 95(2), pages 241-263, December.
    4. Olof Stenius & Ayşe Gönül Karaarslan & Johan Marklund & A. G. de Kok, 2016. "Exact Analysis of Divergent Inventory Systems with Time-Based Shipment Consolidation and Compound Poisson Demand," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 64(4), pages 906-921, August.
    5. Li, Xiuhui & Wang, Qinan, 2007. "Coordination mechanisms of supply chain systems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 179(1), pages 1-16, May.
    6. Barros, Júlio & Cortez, Paulo & Carvalho, M. Sameiro, 2021. "A systematic literature review about dimensioning safety stock under uncertainties and risks in the procurement process," Operations Research Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 8(C).
    7. Huaxiao Shen & Tian Tian & Han Zhu, 2019. "A Two-Echelon Inventory System with a Minimum Order Quantity Requirement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-22, September.
    8. Johan Marklund & Kaj Rosling, 2012. "Lower Bounds and Heuristics for Supply Chain Stock Allocation," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 60(1), pages 92-105, February.
    9. Ming Hu & Yi Yang, 2014. "Modified Echelon ( r, Q ) Policies with Guaranteed Performance Bounds for Stochastic Serial Inventory Systems," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 62(4), pages 812-828, August.
    10. ElHafsi, Mohsen & Fang, Jianxin & Hamouda, Essia, 2020. "A novel decomposition-based method for solving general-product structure assemble-to-order systems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 286(1), pages 233-249.
    11. van Houtum, G. J. & Inderfurth, K. & Zijm, W. H. M., 1996. "Materials coordination in stochastic multi-echelon systems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 95(1), pages 1-23, November.
    12. David Simchi-Levi & Yao Zhao, 2005. "Safety Stock Positioning in Supply Chains with Stochastic Lead Times," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 7(4), pages 295-318, December.
    13. Stenius, Olof & Marklund, Johan & Axsäter, Sven, 2018. "Sustainable multi-echelon inventory control with shipment consolidation and volume dependent freight costs," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 267(3), pages 904-916.
    14. Gérard P. Cachon, 2001. "Exact Evaluation of Batch-Ordering Inventory Policies in Two-Echelon Supply Chains with Periodic Review," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 49(1), pages 79-98, February.
    15. Karaarslan, Gönül A. & Atan, Zümbül & de Kok, Ton & Kiesmüller, Gudrun P., 2018. "Optimal and heuristic policies for assemble-to-order systems with different review periods," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 271(1), pages 80-96.
    16. Kevin H. Shang & Sean X. Zhou & Geert-Jan van Houtum, 2010. "Improving Supply Chain Performance: Real-Time Demand Information and Flexible Deliveries," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 12(3), pages 430-448, May.
    17. Howard, Christian & Marklund, Johan, 2011. "Evaluation of stock allocation policies in a divergent inventory system with shipment consolidation," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 211(2), pages 298-309, June.
    18. Stephen C. Graves & Tor Schoenmeyr, 2016. "Strategic Safety-Stock Placement in Supply Chains with Capacity Constraints," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 18(3), pages 445-460, July.
    19. Kevin H. Shang, 2012. "Single-Stage Approximations for Optimal Policies in Serial Inventory Systems with Nonstationary Demand," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 14(3), pages 414-422, July.
    20. Andersson, Jonas & Malmberg, Filip & Marklund, Johan, 2023. "Exact analysis of One-Warehouse-Multiple-Retailer inventory systems with quantity restricted deliveries," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 309(3), pages 1161-1172.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:269:y:2018:i:3:p:955-983. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/eor .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.