IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/chsofr/v147y2021ics0960077921003180.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Bifurcation study and pattern formation analysis of a tritrophic food chain model with group defense and Ivlev-like nonmonotonic functional response

Author

Listed:
  • Kumar, Vikas
  • Kumari, Nitu

Abstract

In this work, a tritrophic food chain model has been proposed by incorporating Ivlev-like nonmonotonic functional response, where prey is equipped with defense ability. We have performed a detailed dynamical study and pattern formation analysis to obtain complex dynamics of the proposed system. Stability and bifurcation analysis have been performed in the model system. Persistence and permanence are discussed. Bifurcations of codimension-1, in particular, saddle-node, transcritical and Hopf bifurcation are observed. The model system also exhibits bifurcations of codimension-2 such as cusp, Bogdanov-Takens and generalized Hopf bifurcation. Interestingly, it is observed that the middle and top predator population become extinct due to defense ability of prey. Chaotic dynamics is observed via a period-doubling route to chaos with the change in the value of parameter β. The quantification of chaotic dynamics is done, using Lyapunov spectrum and sensitivity analysis. Diffusion induced chaos is studied in the spatiotemporal model system. Hopf bifurcation is seen in the case of a spatially extended system. Further, conditions for Turing instability have been obtained. Pattern formation study is done. In the two-dimensional spatial domain, various non-Turing patterns such as hot-spot, cold-spot, labyrinth patterns are obtained. Ripple and stripe Turing patterns are obtained in case of one-dimensional spatial domain. Also, labyrinth and patchy Turing patterns are obtained in the two-dimensional spatial domain. The spatial distribution of the species shows Turing patterns at the low cost of β, while the increased cost of β changes Turing patterns to non-Turing patterns. Throughout the study, we observe that the parameter β plays an important role in group defense mechanism and is the most sensitive parameter leading to vital change in system dynamics. A wide range of Turing and non-Turing patterns obtained in this work has not been reported so far in literature in any model with group defense.

Suggested Citation

  • Kumar, Vikas & Kumari, Nitu, 2021. "Bifurcation study and pattern formation analysis of a tritrophic food chain model with group defense and Ivlev-like nonmonotonic functional response," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:147:y:2021:i:c:s0960077921003180
    DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2021.110964
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960077921003180
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.chaos.2021.110964?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Upadhyay, Ranjit Kumar & Naji, Raid Kamel, 2009. "Dynamics of a three species food chain model with Crowley–Martin type functional response," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 42(3), pages 1337-1346.
    2. Tousheng Huang & Huayong Zhang & Xuebing Cong & Ge Pan & Xiumin Zhang & Zhao Liu, 2019. "Exploring Spatiotemporal Complexity of a Predator-Prey System with Migration and Diffusion by a Three-Chain Coupled Map Lattice," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2019, pages 1-19, May.
    3. Upadhyay, Ranjit Kumar & Kumari, Nitu & Rai, Vikas, 2009. "Wave of chaos in a diffusive system: Generating realistic patterns of patchiness in plankton–fish dynamics," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 262-276.
    4. Zhao, Min & Lv, Songjuan, 2009. "Chaos in a three-species food chain model with a Beddington–DeAngelis functional response," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 40(5), pages 2305-2316.
    5. Raw, S.N. & Mishra, P. & Kumar, R. & Thakur, S., 2017. "Complex behavior of prey-predator system exhibiting group defense: A mathematical modeling study," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 74-90.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Kumbhakar, Ruma & Hossain, Mainul & Pal, Nikhil, 2024. "Dynamics of a two-prey one-predator model with fear and group defense: A study in parameter planes," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    2. Yu, Hui & Du, Shengzhi & Dong, Enzeng & Tong, Jigang, 2022. "Transient behaviors and equilibria-analysis-based boundary crisis analysis in a smooth 4D dynamical system," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    3. Sajan, & Anshu, & Dubey, Balram, 2024. "Study of a cannibalistic prey–predator model with Allee effect in prey under the presence of diffusion," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 182(C).
    4. Pal, Debjit & Kesh, Dipak & Mukherjee, Debasis, 2024. "Cross-diffusion mediated Spatiotemporal patterns in a predator–prey system with hunting cooperation and fear effect," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 128-147.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Singh, Anuraj & Gakkhar, Sunita, 2015. "Controlling chaos in a food chain model," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 24-36.
    2. Kumar, Sachin & Kharbanda, Harsha, 2019. "Chaotic behavior of predator-prey model with group defense and non-linear harvesting in prey," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 19-28.
    3. Dai, Chuanjun & Zhao, Min & Chen, Lansun, 2012. "Complex dynamic behavior of three-species ecological model with impulse perturbations and seasonal disturbances," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 83-97.
    4. Gupta, R.P. & Yadav, Dinesh K., 2023. "Nonlinear dynamics of a stage-structured interacting population model with honest signals and cues," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    5. McAllister, A. & McCartney, M. & Glass, D.H., 2024. "Correlation between Hurst exponent and largest Lyapunov exponent on a coupled map lattice," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 641(C).
    6. Xiao Dai & Jian Wu & Liang Yan, 2018. "A Spatial Evolutionary Study of Technological Innovation Talents’ Sticky Wages and Technological Innovation Efficiency Based on the Perspective of Sustainable Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-19, November.
    7. Attia, Nourhane & Akgül, Ali & Seba, Djamila & Nour, Abdelkader, 2020. "An efficient numerical technique for a biological population model of fractional order," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    8. Nitu Kumari & Nishith Mohan, 2019. "Cross Diffusion Induced Turing Patterns in a Tritrophic Food Chain Model with Crowley-Martin Functional Response," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-25, March.
    9. Xue, Lin, 2012. "Pattern formation in a predator–prey model with spatial effect," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(23), pages 5987-5996.
    10. Alidousti, Javad & Ghafari, Elham, 2020. "Dynamic behavior of a fractional order prey-predator model with group defense," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    11. Zhang, Shengqiang & Yuan, Sanling & Zhang, Tonghua, 2022. "A predator-prey model with different response functions to juvenile and adult prey in deterministic and stochastic environments," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 413(C).
    12. Yujing Yang & Wenzhe Tang, 2018. "Research on a 3D Predator-Prey Evolutionary System in Real Estate Market," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2018, pages 1-13, February.
    13. Souna, Fethi & Lakmeche, Abdelkader & Djilali, Salih, 2020. "Spatiotemporal patterns in a diffusive predator-prey model with protection zone and predator harvesting," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    14. Upadhyay, Ranjit Kumar & Kumari, Nitu & Rai, Vikas, 2009. "Exploring dynamical complexity in diffusion driven predator–prey systems: Effect of toxin producing phytoplankton and spatial heterogeneities," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 584-594.
    15. Ali, Emad & Asif, Mohammed & Ajbar, AbdelHamid, 2013. "Study of chaotic behavior in predator–prey interactions in a chemostat," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 259(C), pages 10-15.
    16. Zhao, Hongyong & Huang, Xuanxuan & Zhang, Xuebing, 2015. "Hopf bifurcation and harvesting control of a bioeconomic plankton model with delay and diffusion terms," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 421(C), pages 300-315.
    17. Jana, Debaldev & Agrawal, Rashmi & Upadhyay, Ranjit Kumar, 2014. "Top-predator interference and gestation delay as determinants of the dynamics of a realistic model food chain," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 50-63.
    18. Fasma Diele & Carmela Marangi, 2019. "Geometric Numerical Integration in Ecological Modelling," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-30, December.
    19. Zhao, Hongyong & Zhang, Xuebing & Huang, Xuanxuan, 2015. "Hopf bifurcation and spatial patterns of a delayed biological economic system with diffusion," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 266(C), pages 462-480.
    20. Zhang, Limin & Zhao, Min, 2009. "Dynamic complexities in a hyperparasitic system with prolonged diapause for host," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 42(2), pages 1136-1142.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:147:y:2021:i:c:s0960077921003180. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Thayer, Thomas R. (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/chaos-solitons-and-fractals .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.