IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/chsofr/v130y2020ics0960077919303492.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Analysis of the Chinese railway system as a complex network

Author

Listed:
  • Wang, Wei
  • Cai, Kaiquan
  • Du, Wenbo
  • Wu, Xin
  • Tong, Lu (Carol)
  • Zhu, Xi
  • Cao, Xianbin

Abstract

This paper conducts a series of complex network analyses on the Chinese railway network (CRN), where nodes represent cities with rail stations and edges denote connections defined by transit services between cities. CRN is a small-world network with two-regime power-law distributions. This paper also encapsulates CRN into a multi-layer infrastructure with a core-periphery structure via the ‘‘weighted k-core decomposition” method. The reasonability of cities contained in the core layer is generally consistent with the hub set identified by the gravity model. The core-periphery structure is also benchmarked by urban agglomeration development planning in China.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Wei & Cai, Kaiquan & Du, Wenbo & Wu, Xin & Tong, Lu (Carol) & Zhu, Xi & Cao, Xianbin, 2020. "Analysis of the Chinese railway system as a complex network," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:130:y:2020:i:c:s0960077919303492
    DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2019.109408
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960077919303492
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.chaos.2019.109408?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Pedro H. G. Ferreira de Souza, 2018. "A history of inequality: top incomes in Brazil, 1926–2015," One Pager 380, International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth.
    2. M.Ag. Idri & Rohaizan Baru, 2018. "The History and Prospect of Hadith Studies in Indonesia," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 8(7), pages 1037-1049, July.
    3. repec:sum:sjmhsm:2018:p:51-54 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Hong, Chen & Zhang, Jun & Cao, Xian-Bin & Du, Wen-Bo, 2016. "Structural properties of the Chinese air transportation multilayer network," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 28-34.
    5. Gerard Roland, 2018. "Comparative Economics in Historical Perspective," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, vol. 60(4), pages 475-501, December.
    6. Sun, Shiwen & Li, Ruiqi & Wang, Li & Xia, Chengyi, 2015. "Reduced synchronizability of dynamical scale-free networks with onion-like topologies," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 249-256.
    7. Zhang, Jun & Cao, Xian-Bin & Du, Wen-Bo & Cai, Kai-Quan, 2010. "Evolution of Chinese airport network," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 389(18), pages 3922-3931.
    8. Yang, Haoran & Dobruszkes, Frédéric & Wang, Jiaoe & Dijst, Martin & Witte, Patrick, 2018. "Comparing China's urban systems in high-speed railway and airline networks," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 233-244.
    9. Jiao, Jingjuan & Wang, Jiaoe & Jin, Fengjun, 2017. "Impacts of high-speed rail lines on the city network in China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 257-266.
    10. C. von Ferber & T. Holovatch & Yu. Holovatch & V. Palchykov, 2009. "Public transport networks: empirical analysis and modeling," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 68(2), pages 261-275, March.
    11. Wang, Jiaoe & Mo, Huihui & Wang, Fahui, 2014. "Evolution of air transport network of China 1930–2012," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 145-158.
    12. Wang, Juan & Li, Chao & Xia, Chengyi, 2018. "Improved centrality indicators to characterize the nodal spreading capability in complex networks," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 334(C), pages 388-400.
    13. Li, W. & Cai, X., 2007. "Empirical analysis of a scale-free railway network in China," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 382(2), pages 693-703.
    14. Peterson, David A. M., 2018. "Historical Disparities and Gendered Citation Patterns," Political Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 26(3), pages 338-344, July.
    15. Wang, Ru & Tan, Jiang-Xia & Wang, Xin & Wang, Du-Juan & Cai, Xu, 2008. "Geographic coarse graining analysis of the railway network of China," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 387(22), pages 5639-5646.
    16. Lawrence W. C. Lai & Mark Hansley Chua, 2018. "The history of planning for Kowloon City," Planning Perspectives, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(1), pages 97-112, January.
    17. Zhang, Qiong & Yang, Hangjun & Wang, Qiang, 2017. "Impact of high-speed rail on China’s Big Three airlines," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 77-85.
    18. Pedro H. G. Ferreira de Souza, 2018. "A history of inequality: top incomes in Brazil, 1926–2015," Working Papers 167, International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth.
    19. Du, Wen-Bo & Zhou, Xing-Lian & Lordan, Oriol & Wang, Zhen & Zhao, Chen & Zhu, Yan-Bo, 2016. "Analysis of the Chinese Airline Network as multi-layer networks," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 108-116.
    20. Ouyang, Min & Zhao, Lijing & Hong, Liu & Pan, Zhezhe, 2014. "Comparisons of complex network based models and real train flow model to analyze Chinese railway vulnerability," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 38-46.
    21. Guida, Michele & Maria, Funaro, 2007. "Topology of the Italian airport network: A scale-free small-world network with a fractal structure?," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 527-536.
    22. Kreutzberger, Ekki D., 2008. "Distance and time in intermodal goods transport networks in Europe: A generic approach," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 42(7), pages 973-993, August.
    23. Wang, Jiaoe & Mo, Huihui & Wang, Fahui & Jin, Fengjun, 2011. "Exploring the network structure and nodal centrality of China’s air transport network: A complex network approach," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 19(4), pages 712-721.
    24. Jeong, Seung-Ju & Lee, Chi-Guhn & Bookbinder, James H., 2007. "The European freight railway system as a hub-and-spoke network," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 41(6), pages 523-536, July.
    25. Olivier J. M. Guilbaud, 2018. "Some Complementary History and Results," The American Statistician, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 72(3), pages 300-301, July.
    26. Haoran Yang & Frédéric Dobruszkes & Jiaoe Wang & Martin Dijst & Patrick Wiik, 2018. "Comparing China's urban systems in high-speed railway and airline networks," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/269363, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    27. Jiao, Jingjuan & Wang, Jiaoe & Jin, Fengjun & Dunford, Michael, 2014. "Impacts on accessibility of China’s present and future HSR network," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 123-132.
    28. Dai, Liang & Derudder, Ben & Liu, Xingjian, 2018. "The evolving structure of the Southeast Asian air transport network through the lens of complex networks, 1979–2012," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 67-77.
    29. Wang, Jiaoe & Bonilla, David & Banister, David, 2016. "Air deregulation in China and its impact on airline competition 1994–2012," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 12-23.
    30. Wang, Jiaoe & Jin, Fengjun & Mo, Huihui & Wang, Fahui, 2009. "Spatiotemporal evolution of China's railway network in the 20th century: An accessibility approach," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 43(8), pages 765-778, October.
    31. Li, Daqing & Zhang, Qiong & Zio, Enrico & Havlin, Shlomo & Kang, Rui, 2015. "Network reliability analysis based on percolation theory," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 556-562.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Calzada-Infante, L. & Adenso-Díaz, B. & García Carbajal, S., 2020. "Analysis of the European international railway network and passenger transfers," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    2. Du, Yuxian & Lin, Xi & Pan, Ye & Chen, Zhaoxin & Xia, Huan & Luo, Qian, 2023. "Identifying influential airports in airline network based on failure risk factors with TOPSIS," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    3. Xie, Fengjie & Ma, Mengdi & Ren, Cuiping, 2022. "Research on multilayer network structure characteristics from a higher-order model: The case of a Chinese high-speed railway system," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 586(C).
    4. Deng, Yue & Wang, Jiaxin & Gao, Chao & Li, Xianghua & Wang, Zhen & Li, Xuelong, 2021. "Assessing temporal–spatial characteristics of urban travel behaviors from multiday smart-card data," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 576(C).
    5. Hu, Xinlei & Huang, Jie & Shi, Feng, 2022. "A robustness assessment with passenger flow data of high-speed rail network in China," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 165(P1).
    6. Yi Liu & Senbin Yu & Chaoyang Zhang & Peiran Zhang & Yang Wang & Liang Gao, 2022. "Critical Percolation on Temporal High-Speed Railway Networks," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(24), pages 1-8, December.
    7. Shengdong Nie & Hengkai Li, 2023. "Analysis of Construction Networks and Structural Characteristics of Pearl River Delta and Surrounding Cities Based on Multiple Connections," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-26, July.
    8. Cuiping Ren & Bianbian Chen & Fengjie Xie & Xuan Zhao & Jiaqian Zhang & Xueyan Zhou, 2022. "Understanding Hazardous Materials Transportation Accidents Based on Higher-Order Network Theory," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-13, October.
    9. Shohreh Moradi & Hamid Reza Ahadi & Grzegorz Sierpiński, 2023. "Sustainable Management of Railway Companies Amid Inflation and Reduced Government Subsidies: A System Dynamics Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-23, July.
    10. Cai, Kaiquan & Shen, Zhiqi & Luo, Xiaoyan & Li, Yue, 2023. "Temporal attention aware dual-graph convolution network for air traffic flow prediction," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    11. Rui Zhang, 2021. "Route planning model of rail transit network facing the railway freight transport deadline," International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, Springer;The Society for Reliability, Engineering Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM),India, and Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, vol. 12(4), pages 718-730, August.
    12. Peng He & Zhaocheng Guo & Hong Chen & Pengqing Shi & Xiaolong Zhou & Genhou Wang, 2023. "Research and Application of Early Identification of Geological Hazards Technology in Railway Disaster Prevention and Control: A Case Study of Southeastern Gansu, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-24, December.
    13. Wang, Longjian & Zheng, Shaoya & Wang, Yonggang & Wang, Longfei, 2021. "Identification of critical nodes in multimodal transportation network," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 580(C).
    14. Tang, Zhixing & Huang, Shan & Zhu, Xinping & Pan, Weijun & Han, Songchen & Gong, Tingyu, 2023. "Research on the multilayer structure of flight delay in China air traffic network," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 609(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Min Su & Weixin Luan & Zeyang Li & Shulin Wan & Zhenchao Zhang, 2019. "Evolution and Determinants of an Air Transport Network: A Case Study of the Chinese Main Air Transport Network," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-20, July.
    2. Yang, Haoran & Du, Delin & Wang, Jiaoe & Wang, Xiaomeng & Zhang, Fan, 2023. "Reshaping China's urban networks and their determinants: High-speed rail vs. air networks," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 83-92.
    3. Jiao, Jingjuan & Wang, Jiaoe & Jin, Fengjun, 2017. "Impacts of high-speed rail lines on the city network in China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 257-266.
    4. Li, Siping & Zhou, Yaoming & Kundu, Tanmoy & Sheu, Jiuh-Biing, 2021. "Spatiotemporal variation of the worldwide air transportation network induced by COVID-19 pandemic in 2020," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 168-184.
    5. Hu, Yue & Dai, Liang & Fuellhart, Kurt & Witlox, Frank, 2024. "Examining competition among airline regarding route portfolios at domestic hubs under government regulation: The case of China's aviation market," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    6. Jiaoe Wang & Haoran Yang & Han Wang, 2019. "The Evolution of China’s International Aviation Markets from a Policy Perspective on Air Passenger Flows," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-15, June.
    7. Chen, Yu & Lu, Yuqi & Jin, Cheng, 2024. "Spatiotemporal differentiation calendar for car and truck flow on expressways: A case study of Jiangsu, China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    8. Cheng, Junmei & Chen, Zhenhua, 2021. "Impact of high-speed rail on the operational capacity of conventional rail in China," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 354-367.
    9. Wang, Jiaoe & Du, Delin & Huang, Jie, 2020. "Inter-city connections in China: High-speed train vs. inter-city coach," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    10. Lordan, Oriol & Sallan, Jose M., 2019. "Core and critical cities of global region airport networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 513(C), pages 724-733.
    11. Cats, Oded, 2017. "Topological evolution of a metropolitan rail transport network: The case of Stockholm," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 172-183.
    12. Wang, Lei, 2018. "High-speed rail services development and regional accessibility restructuring in megaregions: A case of the Yangtze River Delta, China," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 34-44.
    13. Chen, Yu & Wang, Jiaoe & Jin, Fengjun, 2020. "Robustness of China’s air transport network from 1975 to 2017," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 539(C).
    14. Huang, Yan & Zong, Huiming, 2022. "The intercity railway connections in China: A comparative analysis of high-speed train and conventional train services," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 89-103.
    15. Wang, Yiqiao & Lu, Qiaoyi & Cao, Xianbin & Zhou, Xuesong & Latora, Vito & Tong, Lu Carol & Du, Wenbo, 2020. "Travel time analysis in the Chinese coupled aviation and high-speed rail network," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    16. Hu, Xinlei & Huang, Jie & Shi, Feng, 2019. "Circuity in China's high-speed-rail network," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    17. Wang, Jiaoe & Mo, Huihui & Wang, Fahui, 2014. "Evolution of air transport network of China 1930–2012," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 145-158.
    18. Deng, Yue & Wang, Jiaxin & Gao, Chao & Li, Xianghua & Wang, Zhen & Li, Xuelong, 2021. "Assessing temporal–spatial characteristics of urban travel behaviors from multiday smart-card data," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 576(C).
    19. Chen, Shaopei & Claramunt, Christophe & Ray, Cyril, 2014. "A spatio-temporal modelling approach for the study of the connectivity and accessibility of the Guangzhou metropolitan network," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 12-23.
    20. Min Su & Baoyang Hu & Yipeng Jiang & Zhenchao Zhang & Zeyang Li, 2022. "Relationship between the Chinese Main Air Transport Network and COVID-19 Pandemic Transmission," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(13), pages 1-17, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:130:y:2020:i:c:s0960077919303492. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Thayer, Thomas R. (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/chaos-solitons-and-fractals .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.