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Purification of biodiesel from used cooking oils

Author

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  • Berrios, M.
  • Martín, M.A.
  • Chica, A.F.
  • Martín, A.

Abstract

In Europe, methyl esters cannot be classified as biodiesel until the EN 14214 Standard specifications are fulfilled. The aim of this paper is to examine the efficiency of removing several impurities in biodiesel from used cooking oils by means of three basic operations under conditions that have been kept as close to commercial operating practice as possible: (a) adsorption (magnesium silicate and bentonite); (b) liquid–liquid extraction (distilled water, tap water, glycerol); and (c) ion exchange (cation resin). The results show that all the purification methods can remove soap, methanol and glycerol effectively, while none had an effect on density, kinematic viscosity, FAME content or glyceride content. However, some of them have shown an influence on FFA and water content. The liquid–liquid extraction with glycerol at 15wt.% and a 2-step contact proved to be the most suitable.

Suggested Citation

  • Berrios, M. & Martín, M.A. & Chica, A.F. & Martín, A., 2011. "Purification of biodiesel from used cooking oils," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(11), pages 3625-3631.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:88:y:2011:i:11:p:3625-3631
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.04.060
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Balat, Mustafa & Balat, Havva, 2010. "Progress in biodiesel processing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(6), pages 1815-1835, June.
    2. Leung, Dennis Y.C. & Wu, Xuan & Leung, M.K.H., 2010. "A review on biodiesel production using catalyzed transesterification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(4), pages 1083-1095, April.
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    3. Sandouqa, Arwa & Al-Shannag, Mohammad & Al-Hamamre, Zayed, 2020. "Biodiesel purification using biomass-based adsorbent manufactured from delignified olive cake residues," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 103-117.
    4. Vávra, Aleš & Hájek, Martin & Skopal, Frantisek, 2017. "The removal of free fatty acids from methyl ester," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 695-700.
    5. Gude, Veera Gnaneswar & Grant, Georgene Elizabeth, 2013. "Biodiesel from waste cooking oils via direct sonication," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 135-144.
    6. Stojković, Ivan J. & Stamenković, Olivera S. & Povrenović, Dragan S. & Veljković, Vlada B., 2014. "Purification technologies for crude biodiesel obtained by alkali-catalyzed transesterification," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 1-15.
    7. Mukhtar, Ahmad & Saqib, Sidra & Mubashir, Muhammad & Ullah, Sami & Inayat, Abrar & Mahmood, Abid & Ibrahim, Muhammad & Show, Pau Loke, 2021. "Mitigation of CO2 emissions by transforming to biofuels: Optimization of biofuels production processes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    8. Hita Peña, Estrella & Robles Medina, Alfonso & Jiménez Callejón, María J. & Macías Sánchez, María D. & Esteban Cerdán, Luis & González Moreno, Pedro A. & Molina Grima, Emilio, 2015. "Extraction of free fatty acids from wet Nannochloropsis gaditana biomass for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 366-373.
    9. Dawodu, Folasegun A. & Ayodele, Olubunmi & Xin, Jiayu & Zhang, Suojiang & Yan, Dongxia, 2014. "Effective conversion of non-edible oil with high free fatty acid into biodiesel by sulphonated carbon catalyst," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 819-826.
    10. Zhao, Xuebing & Qi, Feng & Yuan, Chongli & Du, Wei & Liu, Dehua, 2015. "Lipase-catalyzed process for biodiesel production: Enzyme immobilization, process simulation and optimization," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 182-197.
    11. Nitièma-Yefanova, Svitlana & Coniglio, Lucie & Schneider, Raphaël & Nébié, Roger H.C. & Bonzi-Coulibaly, Yvonne L., 2016. "Ethyl biodiesel production from non-edible oils of Balanites aegyptiaca, Azadirachta indica, and Jatropha curcas seeds – Laboratory scale development," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(PA), pages 881-890.
    12. Tamilselvan, P. & Nallusamy, N. & Rajkumar, S., 2017. "A comprehensive review on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1134-1159.

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