IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v207y2025ics1364032124006373.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Superiority of liquid membrane-based purification techniques in biodiesel downstream processing

Author

Listed:
  • Abed, Khalid M.
  • Hayyan, Adeeb
  • Hizaddin, Hanee F.
  • Hashim, Mohd Ali
  • Basirun, Wan Jefrey
  • Saleh, Jehad
  • Hashim, Nur Awanis

Abstract

Biodiesel, a biodegradable and non-toxic diesel alternative from the esterification and transesterification processes, is a viable bioenergy option. However, the presence of impurities in crude biodiesel necessitates purification to meet the standard specifications for high engine performance. Several techniques for biodiesel purification have been proposed, and they can be conveniently categorized based on the following: equilibrium, affinity, membrane, and reaction. Dry-washing methods have proven to be effective, though they generate a significant amount of waste. Additionally, water-based purification methods generate a large volume of wastewater with adverse environmental effects. The oxygen content in biodiesel has led to problems such as moisture absorption, corrosion and high viscosity. More recent research works focusing on membrane-based biodiesel purification techniques appear to be a promising alternative that offers high-quality fuel with lower volumes of wastewater discharges. This paper reviews the conventional and emerging liquid membrane technologies such as the emulsion liquid membranes and the bulk liquid membranes for biodiesel purification, highlighting their technical merits and environmental benefits. Over and above that, liquid membrane technology offers a promising solution for the efficient purification of crude biodiesel while minimizing the environmental impacts.

Suggested Citation

  • Abed, Khalid M. & Hayyan, Adeeb & Hizaddin, Hanee F. & Hashim, Mohd Ali & Basirun, Wan Jefrey & Saleh, Jehad & Hashim, Nur Awanis, 2025. "Superiority of liquid membrane-based purification techniques in biodiesel downstream processing," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:207:y:2025:i:c:s1364032124006373
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114911
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032124006373
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2024.114911?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maria Gabriela De Paola & Ivan Mazza & Rosy Paletta & Catia Giovanna Lopresto & Vincenza Calabrò, 2021. "Small-Scale Biodiesel Production Plants—An Overview," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-20, March.
    2. Stojković, Ivan J. & Stamenković, Olivera S. & Povrenović, Dragan S. & Veljković, Vlada B., 2014. "Purification technologies for crude biodiesel obtained by alkali-catalyzed transesterification," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 1-15.
    3. Balat, Mustafa & Balat, Havva, 2010. "Progress in biodiesel processing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(6), pages 1815-1835, June.
    4. K. A. Viraj Miyuranga & Udara S. P. R. Arachchige & Randika A. Jayasinghe & Gamunu Samarakoon, 2022. "Purification of Residual Glycerol from Biodiesel Production as a Value-Added Raw Material for Glycerolysis of Free Fatty Acids in Waste Cooking Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-20, November.
    5. He, Quan (Sophia) & McNutt, Josiah & Yang, Jie, 2017. "Utilization of the residual glycerol from biodiesel production for renewable energy generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 63-76.
    6. Shurooq T. Al-Humairi & Jonathan G. M. Lee & Musa Salihu & Adam P. Harvey, 2022. "Biodiesel Production through Acid Catalyst In Situ Reactive Extraction of Chlorella vulgaris Foamate," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-20, June.
    7. Wirawan, Soni S. & Solikhah, Maharani D. & Setiapraja, Hari & Sugiyono, Agus, 2024. "Biodiesel implementation in Indonesia: Experiences and future perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PA).
    8. Atadashi, I.M. & Aroua, M.K. & Aziz, A.R. Abdul & Sulaiman, N.M.N., 2011. "Refining technologies for the purification of crude biodiesel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 4239-4251.
    9. Suppalakpanya, K. & Ratanawilai, S.B. & Tongurai, C., 2010. "Production of ethyl ester from esterified crude palm oil by microwave with dry washing by bleaching earth," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(7), pages 2356-2359, July.
    10. Chao-Yi Wei & Tzou-Chi Huang & Zer-Ran Yu & Be-Jen Wang & Ho-Hsien Chen, 2014. "Fractionation for Biodiesel Purification Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(2), pages 1-10, February.
    11. Atadashi, I.M. & Aroua, M.K. & Abdul Aziz, A.R. & Sulaiman, N.M.N., 2011. "Membrane biodiesel production and refining technology: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(9), pages 5051-5062.
    12. Mohammad Alnaief & Arwa Sandouqa & Ibrahem Altarawneh & Mohammad Al-Shannag & Malek Alkasrawi & Zayed Al-hamamre, 2020. "Adsorption Characteristics and Potential of Olive Cake Alkali Residues for Biodiesel Purification," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    13. Marta Ramos & Ana Paula Soares Dias & Jaime Filipe Puna & João Gomes & João Carlos Bordado, 2019. "Biodiesel Production Processes and Sustainable Raw Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-30, November.
    14. Vávra, Aleš & Hájek, Martin & Skopal, Frantisek, 2017. "The removal of free fatty acids from methyl ester," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 695-700.
    15. Atadashi, I.M. & Aroua, M.K. & Aziz, A. Abdul, 2011. "Biodiesel separation and purification: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 437-443.
    16. Carlos S. Osorio-González & Natali Gómez-Falcon & Fabiola Sandoval-Salas & Rahul Saini & Satinder K. Brar & Antonio Avalos Ramírez, 2020. "Production of Biodiesel from Castor Oil: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-22, May.
    17. Borges, M.E. & Díaz, L., 2012. "Recent developments on heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production by oil esterification and transesterification reactions: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 2839-2849.
    18. Praveena, V. & Martin, Leenus Jesu & Matijošius, Jonas & Aloui, Fethi & Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan & Varuvel, Edwin Geo, 2024. "A systematic review on biofuel production and utilization from algae and waste feedstocks– a circular economy approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    19. Mohammed I. Jahirul & Richard J. Brown & Wijitha Senadeera & Ian M. O'Hara & Zoran D. Ristovski, 2013. "The Use of Artificial Neural Networks for Identifying Sustainable Biodiesel Feedstocks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(8), pages 1-43, July.
    20. Veljković, Vlada B. & Banković-Ilić, Ivana B. & Stamenković, Olivera S., 2015. "Purification of crude biodiesel obtained by heterogeneously-catalyzed transesterification," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 500-516.
    21. Melo, Vinícius Mateó e & Ferreira, Gabriela Filipini & Fregolente, Leonardo Vasconcelos, 2024. "Sustainable catalysts for biodiesel production: The potential of CaO supported on sugarcane bagasse biochar," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    22. Berrios, M. & Martín, M.A. & Chica, A.F. & Martín, A., 2011. "Purification of biodiesel from used cooking oils," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(11), pages 3625-3631.
    23. Matea Bačić & Anabela Ljubić & Martin Gojun & Anita Šalić & Ana Jurinjak Tušek & Bruno Zelić, 2021. "Continuous Integrated Process of Biodiesel Production and Purification—The End of the Conventional Two-Stage Batch Process?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-17, January.
    24. Atadashi, I.M. & Aroua, M.K. & Abdul Aziz, A.R. & Sulaiman, N.M.N., 2012. "The effects of water on biodiesel production and refining technologies: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 3456-3470.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Shelare, Sagar D. & Belkhode, Pramod N. & Nikam, Keval Chandrakant & Jathar, Laxmikant D. & Shahapurkar, Kiran & Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi M. & Veza, Ibham & Khan, T.M. Yunus & Kalam, M.A. & Nizami, Ab, 2023. "Biofuels for a sustainable future: Examining the role of nano-additives, economics, policy, internet of things, artificial intelligence and machine learning technology in biodiesel production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    2. Veljković, Vlada B. & Banković-Ilić, Ivana B. & Stamenković, Olivera S., 2015. "Purification of crude biodiesel obtained by heterogeneously-catalyzed transesterification," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 500-516.
    3. Stojković, Ivan J. & Stamenković, Olivera S. & Povrenović, Dragan S. & Veljković, Vlada B., 2014. "Purification technologies for crude biodiesel obtained by alkali-catalyzed transesterification," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 1-15.
    4. Sokač, Tea & Gojun, Martin & Tušek, Ana Jurinjak & Šalić, Anita & Zelić, Bruno, 2020. "Purification of biodiesel produced by lipase catalysed transesterification by ultrafiltration: Selection of membranes and analysis of membrane blocking mechanisms," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 642-651.
    5. Sandouqa, Arwa & Al-Shannag, Mohammad & Al-Hamamre, Zayed, 2020. "Biodiesel purification using biomass-based adsorbent manufactured from delignified olive cake residues," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 103-117.
    6. Nitièma-Yefanova, Svitlana & Coniglio, Lucie & Schneider, Raphaël & Nébié, Roger H.C. & Bonzi-Coulibaly, Yvonne L., 2016. "Ethyl biodiesel production from non-edible oils of Balanites aegyptiaca, Azadirachta indica, and Jatropha curcas seeds – Laboratory scale development," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(PA), pages 881-890.
    7. Marinković, Dalibor M. & Stanković, Miroslav V. & Veličković, Ana V. & Avramović, Jelena M. & Miladinović, Marija R. & Stamenković, Olivera O. & Veljković, Vlada B. & Jovanović, Dušan M., 2016. "Calcium oxide as a promising heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production: Current state and perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 1387-1408.
    8. Sundus, F. & Fazal, M.A. & Masjuki, H.H., 2017. "Tribology with biodiesel: A study on enhancing biodiesel stability and its fuel properties," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 399-412.
    9. Mofijur, M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Hazrat, M.A. & Liaquat, A.M. & Shahabuddin, M. & Varman, M., 2012. "Prospects of biodiesel from Jatropha in Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(7), pages 5007-5020.
    10. Tasić, Marija B. & Pinto, Luisa Fernanda Rios & Klein, Bruno Colling & Veljković, Vlada B. & Filho, Rubens Maciel, 2016. "Botryococcus braunii for biodiesel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 260-270.
    11. Ennaceri, Houda & Fischer, Kristina & Schulze, Agnes & Moheimani, Navid Reza, 2022. "Membrane fouling control for sustainable microalgal biodiesel production: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    12. Marta Ramos & Ana Paula Soares Dias & Jaime Filipe Puna & João Gomes & João Carlos Bordado, 2019. "Biodiesel Production Processes and Sustainable Raw Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-30, November.
    13. Uliana, Nilva R. & Polloni, André & Paliga, Marshall & Veneral, Josamaique G. & Quadri, Marintho B. & Oliveira, J. Vladimir, 2017. "Acidity reduction of enzymatic biodiesel using alkaline washing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 393-396.
    14. Veljković, Vlada B. & Stamenković, Olivera S. & Tasić, Marija B., 2014. "The wastewater treatment in the biodiesel production with alkali-catalyzed transesterification," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 40-60.
    15. Mansir, Nasar & Teo, Siow Hwa & Rashid, Umer & Saiman, Mohd Izham & Tan, Yen Ping & Alsultan, G. Abdulkareem & Taufiq-Yap, Yun Hin, 2018. "Modified waste egg shell derived bifunctional catalyst for biodiesel production from high FFA waste cooking oil. A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 3645-3655.
    16. Atadashi, I.M. & Aroua, M.K. & Aziz, A.R. Abdul & Sulaiman, N.M.N., 2011. "Refining technologies for the purification of crude biodiesel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 4239-4251.
    17. Muppaneni, Tapaswy & Reddy, Harvind K. & Patil, Prafulla D. & Dailey, Peter & Aday, Curtis & Deng, Shuguang, 2012. "Ethanolysis of camelina oil under supercritical condition with hexane as a co-solvent," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 84-88.
    18. Vávra, Aleš & Hájek, Martin & Skopal, Frantisek, 2017. "The removal of free fatty acids from methyl ester," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 695-700.
    19. Gojun, Martin & Šalić, Anita & Zelić, Bruno, 2021. "Integrated microsystems for lipase-catalyzed biodiesel production and glycerol removal by extraction or ultrafiltration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 213-221.
    20. Long, Yun-Duo & Fang, Zhen & Su, Tong-Chao & Yang, Qing, 2014. "Co-production of biodiesel and hydrogen from rapeseed and Jatropha oils with sodium silicate and Ni catalysts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1819-1825.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:207:y:2025:i:c:s1364032124006373. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.