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Comprehensive study of the influence of aging on the hysteresis behavior of a lithium iron phosphate cathode-based lithium ion battery – An experimental investigation of the hysteresis

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  • Marongiu, Andrea
  • Nußbaum, Felix Gerd Wilhelm
  • Waag, Wladislaw
  • Garmendia, Maitane
  • Sauer, Dirk Uwe

Abstract

In this work a detailed investigation of the hysteresis behavior of the open circuit voltage (OCV) in a lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) cathode-based lithium-ion cell is presented. For the first time the hysteresis behavior of the OCV in a LiFePO4 cell is investigated in detail, taking the aging state of the cells into account as a fundamental factor. Tests were carried out in a time window of more than two years on cells in different aging states. The dependency of the major and minor loops of the OCV on temperature, current rate, short-term history and aging are shown and deeply discussed. The results show that the characteristics of the hysteresis of the OCV change completely during battery lifetime, not only concerning the major OCV boundaries but also regarding the single minor loops obtained through partial charge/discharge processes. The paper discusses the results considering different approaches presented in the literature published by date, and addresses the necessity of understanding the physic-chemical behavior of the cell in order to correctly determine the battery state in the application.

Suggested Citation

  • Marongiu, Andrea & Nußbaum, Felix Gerd Wilhelm & Waag, Wladislaw & Garmendia, Maitane & Sauer, Dirk Uwe, 2016. "Comprehensive study of the influence of aging on the hysteresis behavior of a lithium iron phosphate cathode-based lithium ion battery – An experimental investigation of the hysteresis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 629-645.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:171:y:2016:i:c:p:629-645
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.086
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marongiu, Andrea & Roscher, Marco & Sauer, Dirk Uwe, 2015. "Influence of the vehicle-to-grid strategy on the aging behavior of lithium battery electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 899-912.
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    6. Wang, Yujie & Zhang, Chenbin & Chen, Zonghai & Xie, Jing & Zhang, Xu, 2015. "A novel active equalization method for lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 36-42.
    7. Dong, Guangzhong & Wei, Jingwen & Zhang, Chenbin & Chen, Zonghai, 2016. "Online state of charge estimation and open circuit voltage hysteresis modeling of LiFePO4 battery using invariant imbedding method," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 163-171.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Allafi, Walid & Uddin, Kotub & Zhang, Cheng & Mazuir Raja Ahsan Sha, Raja & Marco, James, 2017. "On-line scheme for parameter estimation of nonlinear lithium ion battery equivalent circuit models using the simplified refined instrumental variable method for a modified Wiener continuous-time model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 497-508.
    4. Bizhong Xia & Rui Huang & Zizhou Lao & Ruifeng Zhang & Yongzhi Lai & Weiwei Zheng & Huawen Wang & Wei Wang & Mingwang Wang, 2018. "Online Parameter Identification of Lithium-Ion Batteries Using a Novel Multiple Forgetting Factor Recursive Least Square Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-19, November.
    5. Rejaul Islam & S M Sajjad Hossain Rafin & Osama A. Mohammed, 2022. "Comprehensive Review of Power Electronic Converters in Electric Vehicle Applications," Forecasting, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-59, December.
    6. Lin, Cheng & Yu, Quanqing & Xiong, Rui & Wang, Le Yi, 2017. "A study on the impact of open circuit voltage tests on state of charge estimation for lithium-ion batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 892-902.
    7. Ruifeng Zhang & Bizhong Xia & Baohua Li & Yongzhi Lai & Weiwei Zheng & Huawen Wang & Wei Wang & Mingwang Wang, 2018. "Study on the Characteristics of a High Capacity Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) Lithium-Ion Battery—An Experimental Investigation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-20, August.
    8. Zhao, Xin & de Callafon, Raymond A., 2016. "Modeling of battery dynamics and hysteresis for power delivery prediction and SOC estimation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 823-833.
    9. Cheng Siong Chin & Zuchang Gao & Joel Hay King Chiew & Caizhi Zhang, 2018. "Nonlinear Temperature-Dependent State Model of Cylindrical LiFePO 4 Battery for Open-Circuit Voltage, Terminal Voltage and State-of-Charge Estimation with Extended Kalman Filter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-28, September.
    10. Muhammed Alhanouti & Frank Gauterin, 2024. "A Generic Model for Accurate Energy Estimation of Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-21, January.
    11. Cunxue Wu & Rujian Fu & Zhongming Xu & Yang Chen, 2017. "Improved State of Charge Estimation for High Power Lithium Ion Batteries Considering Current Dependence of Internal Resistance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-17, September.

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