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Application of an entrainment turbulent combustion model with validation based on the distribution of chemical species in an optical spark ignition engine

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  • Irimescu, Adrian
  • Merola, Simona Silvia
  • Valentino, Gerardo

Abstract

Internal combustion engines are still the energy conversion units of choice in transport and distributed energy generation. Due to the fuel mix, spark ignition (SI) engines represent a viable solution that features improved fuel flexibility with respect to their compression ignition counterparts. Therefore, manufacturers are continuously trying to increase their performance and reduce emissions through experimental and numerical investigations. A growing trend in engine improvement is the application of simulations on a wider scale in order to contain development costs. Combustion is the most complex part of the working cycle and for SI power units, modeling flame propagation represents an essential feature of predictive numerical investigations. Within this context, the present study was aimed at better understanding the mass transfer between unburned and reacting gas, as well as characteristic reaction time scales within the reaction zone. A 0D model with three zones was applied for different engine speed, load, air-fuel ratio and spark timing settings, chosen as representative for mid-road load automotive use. Combined in-cylinder pressure measurements and flame imaging were used for validating the essential concept of fresh charge entrainment and burn-up process. One major conclusion of the work was that there is a definite stratification of chemical species within the burned-reacting gas that can be well captured by the entrainment model. The fact that the calibration coefficients require different values for accurate prediction of the pressure traces during flame propagation, emphasizes the complexity of the combustion process, as well as the limitations of considering flames as laminar even at local scale. The study also identified the scale at which mass transfer takes place as an essential factor for correct turbulent combustion modeling.

Suggested Citation

  • Irimescu, Adrian & Merola, Simona Silvia & Valentino, Gerardo, 2016. "Application of an entrainment turbulent combustion model with validation based on the distribution of chemical species in an optical spark ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 908-923.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:162:y:2016:i:c:p:908-923
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.136
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Curto-Risso, P.L. & Medina, A. & Calvo Hernández, A. & Guzmán-Vargas, L. & Angulo-Brown, F., 2011. "On cycle-to-cycle heat release variations in a simulated spark ignition heat engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(5), pages 1557-1567, May.
    2. Bougrine, S. & Richard, S. & Michel, J.-B. & Veynante, D., 2014. "Simulation of CO and NO emissions in a SI engine using a 0D coherent flame model coupled with a tabulated chemistry approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1199-1215.
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    5. Ma, Xiao & Xu, Hongming & Jiang, Changzhao & Shuai, Shijin, 2014. "Ultra-high speed imaging and OH-LIF study of DMF and MF combustion in a DISI optical engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 247-260.
    6. Irimescu, Adrian & Merola, Simona Silvia & Tornatore, Cinzia & Valentino, Gerardo, 2015. "Development of a semi-empirical convective heat transfer correlation based on thermodynamic and optical measurements in a spark ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 777-788.
    7. Salvi, B.L. & Subramanian, K.A., 2015. "Experimental investigation and phenomenological model development of flame kernel growth rate in a gasoline fuelled spark ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 93-103.
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    Cited by:

    1. Simona Silvia Merola & Adrian Irimescu & Silvana Di Iorio & Bianca Maria Vaglieco, 2017. "Effect of Fuel Injection Strategy on the Carbonaceous Structure Formation and Nanoparticle Emission in a DISI Engine Fuelled with Butanol," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-19, June.
    2. Teodosio, Luigi & Pirrello, Dino & Berni, Fabio & De Bellis, Vincenzo & Lanzafame, Rosario & D'Adamo, Alessandro, 2018. "Impact of intake valve strategies on fuel consumption and knock tendency of a spark ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 91-104.
    3. Zhen, Xudong & Wang, Yang & Liu, Daming, 2020. "Bio-butanol as a new generation of clean alternative fuel for SI (spark ignition) and CI (compression ignition) engines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 2494-2521.
    4. d'Adamo, Alessandro & Breda, Sebastiano & Fontanesi, Stefano & Irimescu, Adrian & Merola, Simona Silvia & Tornatore, Cinzia, 2017. "A RANS knock model to predict the statistical occurrence of engine knock," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 251-263.
    5. Santiago Martinez & Adrian Irimescu & Simona Silvia Merola & Pedro Lacava & Pedro Curto-Riso, 2017. "Flame Front Propagation in an Optical GDI Engine under Stoichiometric and Lean Burn Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-23, September.
    6. Israel Reyes-Ramírez & Santiago D. Martínez-Boggio & Pedro L. Curto-Risso & Alejandro Medina & Antonio Calvo Hernández & Lev Guzmán-Vargas, 2018. "Symbolic Analysis of the Cycle-to-Cycle Variability of a Gasoline–Hydrogen Fueled Spark Engine Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-19, April.
    7. Pan, Jiaying & Wei, Haiqiao & Shu, Gequn & Pan, Mingzhang & Feng, Dengquan & Li, Nan, 2017. "LES analysis for auto-ignition induced abnormal combustion based on a downsized SI engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 183-192.

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