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Content
2021
- 2021/280 Global Climate Change Mitigation, Fossil-Fuel Driven Development, and the Role of Financial and Technology Transfers: A Simple Framework
by Mr. Johannes Wiegand
- 2021/279 State-Level Health and Economic Impact of COVID-19 in India
by Mr. Pragyan Deb & Ms. TengTeng Xu
- 2021/278 Corporate Sector Resilience in India in the Wake of the COVID-19 Shock
by Lucyna Gornicka & Ms. Sumiko Ogawa & Ms. TengTeng Xu
- 2021/277 The Heavy Economic Toll of Gender-based Violence: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa
by Rasmané Ouedraogo & Mr. David Stenzel
- 2021/276 Assessing Banking and Currency Crisis Risk in Small States: An application to the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union
by Carlo Pizzinelli & Kotaro Ishi & Tariq Khan
- 2021/275 Macrofinancial Causes of Optimism in Growth Forecasts
by Mr. Yan Carriere-Swallow & José Marzluf
- 2021/274 Monetary Policy and COVID-19
by Michal Brzoza-Brzezina & Marcin Kolasa & Krzysztof Makarski
- 2021/273 Tracing Productivity Growth Channels in the UK
by Mr. Daniel Garcia-Macia & Julia Korosteleva
- 2021/272 Uncertainty and Public Investment Multipliers: The Role of Economic Confidence
by William Gbohoui
- 2021/271 The Distributional Implications of the Impact of Fuel Price Increases on Inflation
by Mr. Kangni R Kpodar & Boya Liu
- 2021/270 Okun's Law, Development, and Demographics: Differences in the Cyclical Sensitivities of Unemployment Across Economy and Worker Groups
by Zidong An & Mr. John C Bluedorn & Gabriele Ciminelli
- 2021/269 Gender Budgeting in G20 Countries
by Virginia Alonso-Albarran & Ms. Teresa R Curristine & Gemma Preston & Alberto Soler & Nino Tchelishvili & Sureni Weerathunga
- 2021/268 Establishing a Foreign Exchange Futures Market in China
by Mr. Zhongxia Jin & Yue Zhao & Haobin Wang
- 2021/267 How Does the Repo Market Behave Under Stress? Evidence From the COVID-19 Crisis
by Anne-Caroline Hüser & Caterina Lepore & Luitgard Veraart
- 2021/266 Epidemics, Gender, and Human Capital in Developing Countries
by Ms. Stefania Fabrizio & Diego B. P. Gomes & Carine Meyimdjui & Ms. Marina Mendes Tavares
- 2021/265 The COVID-19 Impact on Corporate Leverage and Financial Fragility
by Sharjil M. Haque & Mr. Richard Varghese
- 2021/264 Commercial Real Estate and Macrofinancial Stability During COVID-19
by Andrea Deghi & Mr. Junghwan Mok & Tomohiro Tsuruga
- 2021/263 Forecasting Social Unrest: A Machine Learning Approach
by Chris Redl & Sandile Hlatshwayo
- 2021/262 The Effects of Fiscal Measures During COVID-19
by Mr. Pragyan Deb & Davide Furceri & Mr. Jonathan David Ostry & Nour Tawk & Naihan Yang
- 2021/261 Climate-Related Stress Testing: Transition Risk in Colombia
by Can Sever & Manuel Perez-Archila
- 2021/260 Barriers to Trade in Financial and Insurance Services: Evidence from the United Kingdom
by Jiri Podpiera
- 2021/259 Monitoring the Climate Impact of Fiscal Policy - Lessons from Tracking the COVID-19 Response
by Khaled Eltokhy & Ms. Katja Funke & Guohua Huang & Yujin Kim & Genet Zinabou
- 2021/258 Knowledge Spillovers From Superstar Tech-Firms: The Case of Nokia
by Jyrki Ali-Yrkkö & Reda Cherif & Fuad Hasanov & Natalia Kuosmanen & Mika Pajarinen
- 2021/257 Household Deleveraging and Saving Rates: A Cross-Country Analysis
by Romain Bouis
- 2021/256 An Extended Quarterly Projection Model: Credit Cycle, Macrofinancial Linkages and Macroprudential Measures: The Case of the Philippines
by Mr. Philippe D Karam & Mikhail Pranovich & Mr. Jan Vlcek
- 2021/255 A Balance-Sheet Analysis of the Dutch Economy
by Ms. Ruo Chen
- 2021/254 Safe Asset Demand, Global Capital Flows and Wealth Concentration
by Mr. Taehoon Kim
- 2021/253 Analyzing Capital Flow Drivers Using the ‘At-Risk’ Framework: South Africa’s Case
by Rohit Goel & Mr. Ken Miyajima
- 2021/252 Measuring the Redistributive Capacity of Tax Policies
by Charles Vellutini & Juan Carlos Benitez
- 2021/251 Geopolitical Risk on Stock Returns: Evidence from Inter-Korea Geopolitics
by Seungho Jung & Jongmin Lee & Seohyun Lee
- 2021/250 Pareto-Improving Minimum Corporate Taxation
by Mr. Shafik Hebous & Mr. Michael Keen
- 2021/249 Morocco’s Monetary Policy Transmission in the Wake of the COVID-19 Pandemic
by Mr. Maximilien Queyranne & Daniel Baksa & Vassili Bazinas & Azhin Abdulkarim
- 2021/248 The Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines on Economic Activity
by Mr. Pragyan Deb & Davide Furceri & Daniel Jimenez & Siddharth Kothari & Mr. Jonathan David Ostry & Nour Tawk
- 2021/247 Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Rollouts and Their Effects on Health Outcomes
by Mr. Pragyan Deb & Davide Furceri & Daniel Jimenez & Siddharth Kothari & Mr. Jonathan David Ostry & Nour Tawk
- 2021/246 A Comprehensive Climate Mitigation Strategy for Mexico
by Mr. Simon Black & Koralai Kirabaeva & Ian W.H. Parry & Mr. Mehdi Raissi & Karlygash Zhunussova
- 2021/245 Natural Resource Taxation in Mexico: Some Considerations
by Ms. Alpa Shah
- 2021/244 Social Spending in Mexico: Needs, Priorities and Reforms
by Mrs. Swarnali A Hannan & Juan Pablo Cuesta Aguirre & David Bartolini
- 2021/243 Energy Transition Metals
by Lukas Boer & Mr. Andrea Pescatori & Martin Stuermer
- 2021/242 The Effectiveness of Job-Retention Schemes: COVID-19 Evidence From the German States
by Mr. Shekhar Aiyar & Mai Dao
- 2021/241 Scaling up Climate Mitigation Policy in Germany
by Mr. Simon Black & Ms. Ruo Chen & Ms. Aiko Mineshima & Mr. Victor Mylonas & Ian W.H. Parry & Dinar Prihardini
- 2021/240 Brazil: Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform
by Maria Delgado Coelho
- 2021/239 Border Carbon Adjustments: Rationale, Design and Impact
by Mr. Michael Keen & Ian W.H. Parry & Mr. James Roaf
- 2021/238 Income Versus Prices: How Does The Business Cycle Affect Food (In)-Security?
by Mr. Christian Bogmans & Mr. Andrea Pescatori & Ervin Prifti
- 2021/237 Opening Up: Capital Flows and Financial Sector Dynamics in Low-Income Developing Countries
by Sebastian Horn & Mr. Futoshi Narita
- 2021/236 Still Not Getting Energy Prices Right: A Global and Country Update of Fossil Fuel Subsidies
by Ian W.H. Parry & Mr. Simon Black & Nate Vernon-Lin
- 2021/235 COVID-19 and the Informality-driven Recovery: The Case of Colombia's Labor Market
by Mr. Jorge A Alvarez & Carlo Pizzinelli
- 2021/234 Growth at Risk from Natural Disasters
by Mr. Tamim Bayoumi & Mr. Saad N Quayyum & Sibabrata Das
- 2021/233 On the Benefits of Repaying
by Francesca Caselli & Matilde Faralli & Paolo Manasse & Ugo Panizza
- 2021/232 Assessing Chile's Pension System: Challenges and Reform Options
by Samuel Pienknagura & Christopher Evans
- 2021/231 Enhancing Tax Compliance in the Dominican Republic Through Risk-based VAT Invoice Management
by Cristian Alonso & Ledys Feliz & Patricia Gil & Miguel Pecho
- 2021/230 Optimal State Contingent Sovereign Debt Instruments
by Mr. Alejandro D Guerson
- 2021/229 Debt Dynamics in Emerging and Developing Economies: Is R-G a Red Herring?
by Ms. Marialuz Moreno Badia & Juliana Gamboa-Arbelaez & Yuan Xiang
- 2021/228 Do Banks Price Environmental Transition Risks? Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment in a Chinese Province
by Bihong Huang & Maria Teresa Punzi & Yu Wu
- 2021/227 When Do Politicians Appeal Broadly? The Economic Consequences of Electoral Rules in Brazil
by Moya Chin
- 2021/226 A Pandemic Forecasting Framework: An Application of Risk Analysis
by Allan Dizioli & Daniel Rivera Greenwood & Aneta Radzikowski
- 2021/225 Tracking Trade from Space: An Application to Pacific Island Countries
by Mr. Serkan Arslanalp & Mr. Robin Koepke & Jasper Verschuur
- 2021/224 Diversion of Tourism Flows in the Asia & Pacific Region: Lessons for COVID-19 Recovery
by Vybhavi Balasundharam & Mr. Robin Koepke
- 2021/223 A Comprehensive Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Strategy for The Netherlands
by Nicoletta Batini & Mr. Simon Black & Ms. Oana Luca & Ian W.H. Parry
- 2021/222 Loose Financial Conditions, Rising Leverage, and Risks to Macro-Financial Stability
by Mr. Adolfo Barajas & Woon Gyu Choi & Ken Zhi Gan & Pierre Guérin & Samuel Mann & Manchun Wang & Yizhi Xu
- 2021/221 Fintech and Financial Inclusion in Latin America and the Caribbean
by Mr. Dmitry Gershenson & Frederic Lambert & Luis Herrera & Grey Ramos & Mrs. Marina V Rousset & Mr. Jose L. Torres
- 2021/220 The Agricultural Exodus in the Philippines: Are Wage Differentials Driving the Process?
by Mr. Eugenio M Cerutti & Yiliang Li
- 2021/219 Stock Returns and Inflation Redux: An Explanation from Monetary Policy in Advanced and Emerging Markets
by Mr. Zhongxia Zhang
- 2021/218 Estimating the Impact of External Shocks on the ECCU: Application to the COVID Shock
by Vivian Parlak & Mr. Gonzalo Salinas & Mr. Mauricio Vargas
- 2021/217 Climate Change in South Asia: Further Need for Mitigation and Adaptation
by Ruchir Agarwal & Vybhavi Balasundharam & Patrick Blagrave & Mr. Eugenio M Cerutti & Ragnar Gudmundsson & Racha Mousa
- 2021/216 An Evaluation of World Economic Outlook Growth Forecasts, 2004–17
by Oya Celasun & Jungjin Lee & Mr. Mico Mrkaic & Mr. Allan Timmermann
- 2021/215 Intergenerational Social Mobility in Africa Since 1920
by Rasmané Ouedraogo & Nicolas Syrichas
- 2021/214 Does IT Help? Information Technology in Banking and Entrepreneurship
by Toni Ahnert & Sebastian Doerr & Mr. Nicola Pierri & Mr. Yannick Timmer
- 2021/213 The Impact of Environmental Policy on Innovation in Clean Technologies
by Johannes Eugster
- 2021/212 Global Corporate Stress Tests—Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Policy Responses
by Mr. Thierry Tressel & Xiaodan Ding
- 2021/211 Resolving Bank Failures and Institutions: Is there a Link? Some Empirical Evidence
by Marlon Rawlins & Ms. Luisa Zanforlin
- 2021/210 Evolution of Bilateral Swap Lines
by Michael Perks & Yudong Rao & Mr. Jongsoon Shin & Kiichi Tokuoka
- 2021/209 Unintended Consequences of U. S. Monetary Policy Shocks: Dutch Disease and Capital Flow Measures in Emerging Markets and Developing Economies
by Juan Yepez
- 2021/208 Endogenous Growth, Downward Wage Rigidities and Optimal Inflation
by Mirko Abbritti & Agostino Consolo & Mr. Sebastian Weber
- 2021/207 Revisiting Carbon Leakage
by Florian Misch & Mr. Philippe Wingender
- 2021/206 Real Estate in the Netherlands: A Taxonomy of Risks and Policy Challenges
by André Geis & Ms. Oana Luca
- 2021/205 Mask Mandates Save Lives
by Mr. Niels-Jakob H Hansen & Rui Mano
- 2021/204 Sectoral Shocks and Spillovers: An Application to COVID-19
by Sonali Das & Giacomo Magistretti & Evgenia Pugacheva & Mr. Philippe Wingender
- 2021/203 After-Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospects for Medium-Term Economic Damage
by Mr. Philip Barrett & Sonali Das & Giacomo Magistretti & Evgenia Pugacheva & Mr. Philippe Wingender
- 2021/202 A Diversification Strategy for South Asia
by Weicheng Lian & Fei Liu & Katsiaryna Svirydzenka & Biying Zhu
- 2021/201 Distributional Effects of Monetary Policy
by Valentina Bonifacio & Mr. Luis Brandão-Marques & Mr. Balazs Csonto & Chiara Fratto & Philipp Engler & Davide Furceri & Ms. Deniz O Igan & Rui Mano & Mr. Machiko Narita & Murad Omoev & Gurnain Kaur Pasricha & Ms. Hélène Poirson
- 2021/200 What Can We Learn from Financial Stability Reports?
by Mr. Fabio Comelli & Ms. Sumiko Ogawa
- 2021/199 No Easy Solution: A Smorgasbord of Factors Drive Remittance Costs
by Tito Nícias Teixeira da Silva Filho
- 2021/198 What Shapes Current Account Adjustment During Recessions?
by Ms. Christina Kolerus
- 2021/197 Can Financial Soundness Indicators Help Predict Financial Sector Distress?
by Marcin Pietrzak
- 2021/196 Numerical Fiscal Rules for Economic Unions: the Role of Sovereign Spreads
by Juan Carlos Hatchondo & Mr. Leonardo Martinez & Mr. Francisco Roch
- 2021/195 Mitigating Climate Change: Growth-Friendly Policies to Achieve Net Zero Emissions by 2050
by Ms. Florence Jaumotte & Weifeng Liu & Warwick J. McKibbin
- 2021/194 How Green are Green Debt Issuers?
by Jochen M. Schmittmann & Han Teng Chua
- 2021/193 How do Climate Shocks Affect the Impact of FDI, ODA and Remittances on Economic Growth?
by Alassane Drabo
- 2021/192 A Sentiment-Enhanced Corruption Perception Index
by Yongquan Cao & Ms. Yingjie Fan & Sandile Hlatshwayo & Monica Petrescu & Zaijin Zhan
- 2021/191 Pooling Fiscal Risk in the ECCU: Quantifying Savings of a Regional Fund for Stabilization and Investment
by Mr. Alejandro D Guerson
- 2021/190 A Simple Macrofiscal Model for Policy Analysis: An Application to Morocco
by Daniel Baksa & Mr. Aleš Bulíř & Mr. Roberto Cardarelli
- 2021/189 Health Care Reform in Greece: Progress and Reform Priorities
by Niki Kalavrezou & Hui Jin
- 2021/188 Reforming the Greek Pension System
by Mr. Alvar Kangur & Niki Kalavrezou & Mr. Daehaeng Kim
- 2021/187 For the Benefit of All: Fiscal Policies and Equity-Efficiency Trade-offs in the Age of Automation
by Mr. Andrew Berg & Lahcen Bounader & Nikolay Gueorguiev & Hiroaki Miyamoto & Mr. Kenji Moriyama & Ryota Nakatani & Luis-Felipe Zanna
- 2021/186 Defying the Odds: Remittances During the COVID-19 Pandemic
by Mr. Kangni R Kpodar & Mr. Montfort Mlachila & Mr. Saad N Quayyum & Vigninou Gammadigbe
- 2021/185 U.S. Dollar Currency Premium in Corporate Bonds
by John Caramichael & Ms. Gita Gopinath & Gordon Y. Liao
- 2021/184 Market Power and Monetary Policy Transmission
by Mr. Romain A Duval & Davide Furceri & Raphael Lee & Ms. Marina Mendes Tavares
- 2021/183 Managing Fiscal Risks from National Airlines in Pacific Island Countries
by Vybhavi Balasundharam & Ms. Leni Hunter & Iulai Lavea & Mr. Paul G Seeds
- 2021/182 Addressing Spillovers from Prolonged U.S. Monetary Policy Easing
by Stephen Cecchetti & Mr. Machiko Narita & Umang Rawat & Ms. Ratna Sahay
- 2021/181 Recoveries After Pandemics: The Role of Policies and Structural Features
by Juan Pablo Cuesta Aguirre & Mrs. Swarnali A Hannan
- 2021/180 U.S. Healthcare: A Story of Rising Market Power, Barriers to Entry, and Supply Constraints
by Ms. Li Lin & Mr. Mico Mrkaic & Miss Anke Weber
- 2021/179 Guaranteed Minimum Income Schemes in Europe: Landscape and Design
by Mr. David Coady & Samir Jahan & Baoping Shang & Riki Matsumoto
- 2021/178 Trade, Jobs, and Inequality
by Ms. Kimberly Beaton & Ms. Valerie Cerra & Metodij Hadzi-Vaskov
- 2021/177 Is Mobile Money Part of Money? Understanding the Trends and Measurement
by Ms. Kazuko Shirono & Esha Chhabra & Ms. Bidisha Das & Ms. Yingjie Fan & Mr. Hector Carcel-Villanova
- 2021/176 The Sectoral Trade Losses from Financial Crises
by Jean-Marc B. Atsebi & Jean-Louis Combes & Alexandru Minea
- 2021/175 Fintech Potential for Remittance Transfers: A Central America Perspective
by Julia Bersch & Jean François Clevy & Naseem Muhammad & Mrs. Esther Perez Ruiz & Mr. Yorbol Yakhshilikov
- 2021/174 Understanding Chile’s Social Unrest in an International Perspective
by Metodij Hadzi-Vaskov & Mr. Luca A Ricci
- 2021/173 Can International Technological Diffusion Substitute for Coordinated Global Policies to Mitigate Climate Change?
by Mr. Philip Barrett
- 2021/172 The Poverty and Distributional Impacts of Carbon Pricing: Channels and Policy Implications
by Baoping Shang
- 2021/171 Fiscal Policies for Achieving Finland’s Emission Neutrality Target
by Ian W.H. Parry & Mr. Philippe Wingender
- 2021/170 Financial Crises, Investment Slumps, and Slow Recoveries
by Ms. Valerie Cerra & Ms. Mai Hakamada & Mr. Ruy Lama
- 2021/169 Effects of COVID-19 on Regional and Gender Equality in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Nigeria and Ethiopia
by Ms. Chie Aoyagi
- 2021/168 COVID-19 in Latin America: A High Toll on Lives and Livelihoods
by Mr. Bas B. Bakker & Carlos Goncalves
- 2021/167 Is Digital Financial Inclusion Unlocking Growth?
by Purva Khera & Miss Stephanie Y Ng & Ms. Sumiko Ogawa & Ms. Ratna Sahay
- 2021/166 Technological Progress, Artificial Intelligence, and Inclusive Growth
by Mr. Anton Korinek & Mr. Martin Schindler & Joseph Stiglitz
- 2021/165 Labor Market Reform Options to Boost Employment in South Africa
by Mr. Romain A Duval & Yi Ji & Mr. Ippei Shibata
- 2021/164 Finance, Growth, and Inequality
by Mr. Ross Levine
- 2021/163 Asymmetric Non-Commodity Output Responses to Commodity Price Shocks
by Mr. Amine Mati & Ms. Monique Newiak & James Wilson
- 2021/162 Electric Vehicles, Tax incentives and Emissions: Evidence from Norway
by Youssouf Camara & Bjart Holtsmark & Florian Misch
- 2021/161 A Firm Lower Bound: Characteristics and Impact of Corporate Minimum Taxation
by Aqib Aslam & Maria Delgado Coelho
- 2021/160 Chinese Investment in Latin America: Sectoral Complementarity and the Impact of China’s Rebalancing
by Ding Ding & Fabio Di Vittorio & Ana Lariau & Yue Zhou
- 2021/159 How Have IMF Priorities Evolved? A Text Mining Approach
by Gareth Anderson & Paolo Galang & Mr. Andrea Gamba & Leandro Medina & Tianxiao Zheng
- 2021/158 Are Passive Institutional Investors Engaged Monitors or Risk-Averse Owners? Both!
by Yuanchen Yang
- 2021/157 COVID-19 Containment Measures and Expected Stock Volatility: High-Frequency Evidence from Selected Advanced Economies
by Viral V. Acharya & Yang Liu & Mr. Yunhui Zhao
- 2021/156 Are Climate Change Policies Politically Costly?
by Davide Furceri & Michael Ganslmeier & Mr. Jonathan David Ostry
- 2021/155 The Long-Run Impact of Sovereign Yields on Corporate Yields in Emerging Markets
by Delong Li & Mr. Nicolas E Magud & Alejandro M. Werner & Samantha Witte
- 2021/154 Authorities’ Fiscal Forecasts in Latin America: Are They Optimistic?
by Metodij Hadzi-Vaskov & Mr. Luca A Ricci & Alejandro M. Werner & Rene Zamarripa
- 2021/153 The Impact of Gray-Listing on Capital Flows: An Analysis Using Machine Learning
by Mizuho Kida & Simon Paetzold
- 2021/152 Restructuring and Insolvency in Europe: Policy Options in the Implementation of the EU Directive
by Jose M Garrido & Ms. Chanda M DeLong & Amira Rasekh & Anjum Rosha
- 2021/151 Do Lenders Make Less-Informed Investments in High-Growth Housing Markets?
by Sophia Chen & Mr. Lev Ratnovski & Yangfan Sun
- 2021/150 Predicting Fiscal Crises: A Machine Learning Approach
by Klaus-Peter Hellwig
- 2021/149 When They Go Low, We Go High? Measuring Bank Market Power in a Low-for-Long Environment
by Ms. Deniz O Igan & Mr. Nicola Pierri & Mr. Andrea F Presbitero
- 2021/148 Chile: A Role Model of Export Diversification Policies?
by Mr. Gonzalo Salinas
- 2021/147 Climate Action to Unlock the Inclusive Growth Story of the 21st Century
by Amar Bhattacharya & Maksym Ivanyna & William Oman & Nicholas Stern
- 2021/146 IMF Programs and Financial Flows to Offshore Centers
by Mr. Shekhar Aiyar & Manasa Patnam
- 2021/145 Capital Income Taxation in the Netherlands
by Mr. Alexander D Klemm & Mr. Shafik Hebous & Mr. Christophe J Waerzeggers
- 2021/144 Regional Disparities and Fiscal Federalism in Russia
by Oksana Dynnikova & Ms. Annette J Kyobe & Mr. Slavi T Slavov
- 2021/143 Scenario Analysis with the DD-PD Mapping Approach: Stock Market Shocks and U.S. Corporate Default Risk
by Mr. Jorge A Chan-Lau
- 2021/142 Labor Market Reforms and Earnings Dynamics: the Italian Case
by Mr. Davide Malacrino & Luigi Pistaferri
- 2021/141 Inclusivity in the Labor Market
by Ms. Asmaa A ElGanainy & Ernst Ekkehard & Rossana Merola & Richard Rogerson & Mr. Martin Schindler
- 2021/140 Employment Effects of Environmental Policies – Evidence From Firm-Level Data
by Mr. Adil Mohommad
- 2021/139 How to Gain the Most from Structural Conditionality of IMF-Supported Programs
by Mr. Jochen R. Andritzky & Zsuzsa Munkacsi & Ke Wang
- 2021/138 China's Rebalancing and Gender Inequality
by Mariya Brussevich & Ms. Era Dabla-Norris
- 2021/137 Determinants of and Prospects for Market Access in Frontier Economies
by Luiza Antoun de Almeida & Ms. Diva Singh
- 2021/136 Patterns in IMF Growth Forecast Revisions: A Panel Study at Multiple Horizons
by Metodij Hadzi-Vaskov & Mr. Luca A Ricci & Alejandro Mariano Werner & Rene Zamarripa
- 2021/135 The Macroeconomic Impact of Social Unrest
by Metodij Hadzi-Vaskov & Samuel Pienknagura & Mr. Luca A Ricci
- 2021/134 License to Spill: How Do We Discuss Spillovers in Article IV Staff Reports
by Jelle Barkema & Borislava Mircheva & Mr. Mico Mrkaic & Yuanchen Yang
- 2021/133 Avoid a Fall or Fly Again: Turning Points of State Fragility
by Olusegun Ayodele Akanbi & Nikolay Gueorguiev & Mr. Jiro Honda & Paulomi Mehta & Mr. Kenji Moriyama & Keyra Primus & Mouhamadou Sy
- 2021/132 An Empirical Assessment of the Exchange Rate Pass-through in Mozambique
by Edson Manguinhane & Felix F. Simione
- 2021/131 The Direct Employment Impact of Public Investment
by Marian Moszoro
- 2021/130 Who Doesn’t Want to be Vaccinated? Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy During COVID-19
by Hibah Khan & Ms. Era Dabla-Norris & Frederico Lima & Alexandre Sollaci
- 2021/129 Macroeconomic Impact of the Itaipú Treaty Review for Paraguay
by Ms. Natasha X Che
- 2021/128 The Cost of Future Policy: Intertemporal Public Sector Balance Sheets in the G7
by Yugo Koshima & Jason Harris & Alexander F. Tieman & Alessandro De Sanctis
- 2021/127 Will COVID-19 Have Long-Lasting Effects on Inequality? Evidence from Past Pandemics
by Davide Furceri & Mr. Prakash Loungani & Mr. Jonathan David Ostry & Pietro Pizzuto
- 2021/126 Macroeconomic Impact of Foreign Exchange Intervention: Some Cross-country Empirical Findings
by Mr. Zhongxia Jin & Haobin Wang & Yue Zhao
- 2021/125 Balance Sheets and Debt Crises – Empirical Regularities for Modern Cases of Sovereign Distress
by Alexis Meyer-Cirkel & Gonzalo Huertas
- 2021/124 Impact of COVID-19: Nowcasting and Big Data to Track Economic Activity in Sub-Saharan Africa
by Brandon Buell & Reda Cherif & Carissa Chen & Karl Walentin & Jiawen Tang & Nils Wendt
- 2021/123 What Determines Social Distancing? Evidence from Advanced and Emerging Market Economies
by Ms. Era Dabla-Norris & Hibah Khan & Frederico Lima
- 2021/122 The Morocco Policy Analysis Model: Theoretical Framework and Policy Scenarios
by Aya Achour & Mr. Aleš Bulíř & Omar Chafik & Adam Remo
- 2021/121 Austerity and Elections
by Mr. Alberto Alesina & Gabriele Ciminelli & Davide Furceri & Giorgio Saponaro
- 2021/120 The Rise in Inequality after Pandemics: Can Fiscal Support Play a Mitigating Role?
by Davide Furceri & Mr. Prakash Loungani & Mr. Jonathan David Ostry & Pietro Pizzuto
- 2021/119 Will the Economic Impact of COVID-19 Persist? Prognosis from 21st Century Pandemics
by Johannes Emmerling & Davide Furceri & Francisco Líbano Monteiro & Mr. Prakash Loungani & Mr. Jonathan David Ostry & Pietro Pizzuto & Massimo Tavoni
- 2021/118 The Fiscal Multiplier of European Structural Investment Funds: Aggregate and Sectoral Effects with an Application to Slovenia
by Mr. Raphael A Espinoza
- 2021/117 Scaling Up Quality Infrastructure Investment
by Olivier Bizimana & Laura Jaramillo & Mr. Saji Thomas
- 2021/116 Financial Cycles – Early Warning Indicators of Banking Crises?
by Ms. Sally Chen & Katsiaryna Svirydzenka
- 2021/115 SDG Financing Options in Rwanda: A Post-Pandemic Assessment
by Victor Duarte Lledo & Mr. Roberto Perrelli
- 2021/114 Can Fintech Foster Competition in the Banking System in Latin America and the Caribbean?
by Suchanan Tambunlertchai & Kotaro Ishi & Mr. Takuji Komatsuzaki & Mr. Ippei Shibata & Jasmin Sin
- 2021/113 Leakages from Macroprudential Regulations: The Case of Household-Specific Tools and Corporate Credit
by Lucyna Gornicka & Peichu Xie
- 2021/112 Limits to Private Climate Change Mitigation
by Dalya Elmalt & Mr. Divya Kirti & Ms. Deniz O Igan
- 2021/111 Is There a One-Size-Fits-All Approach to Inclusive Growth? A Case Study Analysis
by Sriram Balasubramanian & Lahcen Bounader & Mrs. Jana Bricco & Dmitry Vasilyev
- 2021/110 The Macroeconomic Impacts of Digitalization in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Submarine Cables
by Felix F. Simione & Yiruo Li
- 2021/109 Risks and Vulnerabilities in the U.S. Bond Mutual Fund Industry
by Antoine Bouveret & Jie Yu
- 2021/108 Pakistan: Spending Needs for Reaching Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
by Fernanda Brollo & Emine Hanedar & Mr. Sébastien Walker
- 2021/107 Impacts of Interest Rate Cap on Financial Inclusion in Cambodia
by Dyna Heng & Serey Chea & Bomakara Heng
- 2021/106 Unintended Effects From the Expansion of the Non-Contributory Health System in Peru
by Mr. Jose L. Torres
- 2021/105 Central Bank Risk Management, Fintech, and Cybersecurity
by Mr. Ashraf Khan & Majid Malaika
- 2021/104 Commodity Shocks and Exchange Rate Regimes: Implications for the Caribbean Commodity Exporters
by Mr. Ali J Al-Sadiq & Ms. Inci Ötker
- 2021/103 Credit Reversals
by Mr. Francisco F. Vazquez
- 2021/102 Competition vs. Stability: Oligopolistic Banking System with Run Risk
by Mr. Damien Capelle
- 2021/101 Parameterizing Debt Maturity
by Mr. Philip Barrett & Christopher Johns
- 2021/100 Assessing the Macroeconomic Impact of Structural Reforms in Ukraine
by Mr. Anil Ari & Gabor Pula
- 2021/099 Smart Containment: Lessons from Countries with Past Experience
by Alexandra Fotiou & Andresa Lagerborg
- 2021/098 Governance for Inclusive Growth
by Maksym Ivanyna & Andrea Salerno
- 2021/097 Sharing Resource Wealth Inclusively Within and Across Generations
by Nathalie Pouokam
- 2021/096 Enhancing Resilience to Climate Change in the Maldives
by Mr. Giovanni Melina & Marika Santoro
- 2021/095 Gender and Employment in the COVID-19 Recession: Evidence on “She-cessions”
by Mr. John C Bluedorn & Francesca Caselli & Mr. Niels-Jakob H Hansen & Mr. Ippei Shibata & Ms. Marina Mendes Tavares
- 2021/094 Emerging Market Securities Access to Global Plumbing
by Gongpil Choi & Federico Ortega & Mr. Manmohan Singh
- 2021/093 What's in the R- Stars for Korea?
by Mr. Sohrab Rafiq
- 2021/092 Korea’s Growth Prospects: Overcoming Demographics and COVID-19
by Mr. Andrew J Swiston
- 2021/091 Search Externalities in Firm-to-Firm Trade
by John A Spray
- 2021/090 Digital Financial Inclusion in Emerging and Developing Economies: A New Index
by Purva Khera & Miss Stephanie Y Ng & Ms. Sumiko Ogawa & Ms. Ratna Sahay
- 2021/089 Firms’ Environmental Performance and the COVID-19 Crisis
by Pierre Guérin & Felix Suntheim
- 2021/088 The Impact of International Migration on Inclusive Growth: A Review
by Zsoka Koczan & Magali Pinat & Mr. Dmitriy L Rozhkov
- 2021/087 Building Back Better: How Big Are Green Spending Multipliers?
by Nicoletta Batini & Mario di Serio & Matteo Fragetta & Mr. Giovanni Melina
- 2021/086 Corporate Funding and the COVID-19 Crisis
by Andrea Deghi & Dulani Seneviratne & Tomohiro Tsuruga & Mr. Jerome Vandenbussche
- 2021/085 Does a Wealth Tax Improve Equality of Opportunity? Evidence from Norway
by Kristoffer Berg & Mr. Shafik Hebous
- 2021/084 Equilibrium Foreign Currency Mortgages
by Marcin Kolasa
- 2021/083 Public Expenditure and Inclusive Growth - A Survey
by Mr. Younes Zouhar & Jon Jellema & Nora Lustig & Mohamed Trabelsi