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EU-Mitgliedschaft Österreichs. Eine Evaluierung in Zeiten der Krise

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  • Fritz Breuss

Abstract

Die Studie stellt die erzielten Integrationseffekte der immer tieferen EU-Integration Österreichs anhand von Modellergebnissen vor. Aufgrund eines internationalen Vergleiches (z. B. mit der Schweiz) wird diskutiert, ob die EU-Mitgliedschaft in Zeiten der Krise Vor- oder Nachteile hatte und was ein Abseitsstehen von der EU-Integration bedeutet hätte. Abschließend folgt eine Diskussion über die Euro-Krise und über die Zukunft der WWU. Ein Zerfall der Währungsunion wäre demnach um vieles teurer als die anhaltenden Rettungsmaßnahmen und der Einsatz zum Erhalt der Währungsunion. Österreich profitierte, wie die Untersuchung zeigt, ökonomisch auf allen Stufen der Integration (Ostöffnung BIP-Wachstum +0,2 Prozentpunkte pro Jahr, EU-Mitgliedschaft +0,6 Prozentpunkte, WWU-Teilnahme +0,4 Prozentpunkte, EU-Erweiterung +0,4 Prozentpunkte). Die aus Modellsimulationen abgeleiteten Integrationseffekte durch die Teilnahme an allen EU-Projekten verstärkten das Wachstum des österreichischen BIP insgesamt um ½ bis 1 Prozentpunkt pro Jahr. Die Plausibilität dieser Modellergebnisse wird durch den Vergleich der Wirtschaftsentwicklung Österreichs mit anderen EU-Ländern und mit Drittländern unterstrichen. So entsprach der Wachstumsvorsprung Österreichs vor Deutschland und der Schweiz den genannten Integrationseffekten. Dieser "Wachstumsbonus" ist ohne die Integrationswirkungen der Teilnahme Österreichs an allen EU-Projekten schwer bis gar nicht erklärbar.

Suggested Citation

  • Fritz Breuss, 2012. "EU-Mitgliedschaft Österreichs. Eine Evaluierung in Zeiten der Krise," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 45578, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:wfo:wstudy:45578
    Note: With English abstract.
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