Performance assessment of new reliability index of energy in water distribution networks equipped with PATs based on component simultaneous failure scenarios

For a water distribution network (WDN) equipped with pump as turbines (PATs), when a pipe failure scenario occurs, the network performance in renewable energy supply is very important by issues in pressure supply, leakage control, and quality of water. Due to the importance for both water and energy approaches in WDNs equipped with PAT, a reliability of networks performance under pipe failure is evaluated by a novel reliability index with the nature of energy called ERI for the two cases studies as 25-node network (case 1) and the network connected to reservoir No. 23 in Tehran (case 2) in this study. To increase the accuracy and to make the more realistic results for examining higher-order simultaneous failure scenarios given from one to three pipes, the multidimensional performance is considered by energy, water equity, water adequacy and their combinations in ERI. The ERI provided a correlation of the energy assessment for studied networks as 0.99 for case 1 and 0.98 for case 2. The results of the energy performance analysis in case 1 introduced that pipes number 2 and 36 are the most critical pipes, similarly by performance for Case 2, pipes number 2, 4, 31, and 55 are the most critical pipes for repair and maintenance. The loss energy due to worst failure scenario showed that the simultaneous failure of pipes 2-12-21 in case 1 and pipes 2–4 in case 2 can be provided a completely loss energy produced by PATs.