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Optimization of Osmotic Desalination Plants for Water Supply Networks

Author

Listed:
  • Armando Carravetta

    (University of Naples Federico II)

  • Oreste Fecarotta

    (University of Naples Federico II)

  • Umberto Maria Golia

    (Second University of Naples)

  • Michele Rocca

    (Università degli Studi Roma)

  • Riccardo Martino

    (University of Naples Federico II)

  • Roberta Padulano

    (University of Naples Federico II)

  • Tullio Tucciarelli

    (University of Palermo)

Abstract

Water scarcity and the poor quality of water resources are leading to a wider diffusion of desalination plants using the Reverse Osmosis (RO) process. Unfortunately, the cost of a cubic meter of fresh water produced by an RO plants is still high and many efforts are in progress to increase the efficiency of the membranes used in osmotic plants and to limit the energy required by the process. A further reduction of the energy cost could be obtained by an optimal operation of the desalination plant so reducing the hourly energy cost, or by coupling the RO plant with an energy production plant based on direct osmosis (Pressure Retarded Osmosis PRO). The economic viability of the desalination process has been analyzed until now without accounting for the integration of the RO plant with the existing water network. This analysis is developed in the present paper with reference to a hypothetical change of water supply in a real network, where a desalination plant is used to satisfy the fresh water demand. Several scenarios will be analyzed to assess the minimum cost of fresh water production and water supply to the network, including the use of energy recovery systems, such as an integrated use of RO and PRO processes, or the regulation of pressure at the network intake by a micro hydro power plant.

Suggested Citation

  • Armando Carravetta & Oreste Fecarotta & Umberto Maria Golia & Michele Rocca & Riccardo Martino & Roberta Padulano & Tullio Tucciarelli, 2016. "Optimization of Osmotic Desalination Plants for Water Supply Networks," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(11), pages 3965-3978, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:30:y:2016:i:11:d:10.1007_s11269-016-1404-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-016-1404-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jihye Kim & Kwanho Jeong & Myoung Jun Park & Ho Kyong Shon & Joon Ha Kim, 2015. "Recent Advances in Osmotic Energy Generation via Pressure-Retarded Osmosis (PRO): A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-25, October.
    2. Prante, Jeri L. & Ruskowitz, Jeffrey A. & Childress, Amy E. & Achilli, Andrea, 2014. "RO-PRO desalination: An integrated low-energy approach to seawater desalination," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 104-114.
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    7. Armando Carravetta & Giuseppe Del Giudice & Oreste Fecarotta & Helena Ramos, 2012. "Energy Production in Water Distribution Networks: A PAT Design Strategy," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(13), pages 3947-3959, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Moazeni, Faegheh & Khazaei, Javad, 2021. "Optimal design and operation of an islanded water-energy network including a combined electrodialysis-reverse osmosis desalination unit," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 395-408.
    2. Carravetta, A. & Fecarotta, O. & Ramos, H.M., 2018. "A new low-cost installation scheme of PATs for pico-hydropower to recover energy in residential areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 1003-1014.
    3. Oreste Fecarotta & Armando Carravetta & Maria Cristina Morani & Roberta Padulano, 2018. "Optimal Pump Scheduling for Urban Drainage under Variable Flow Conditions," Resources, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-20, November.
    4. Liu, Ming & Tan, Lei & Cao, Shuliang, 2019. "Theoretical model of energy performance prediction and BEP determination for centrifugal pump as turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 712-732.

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