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Evaluating Water Demand Shortfalls in Segment Analysis

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  • E. Creaco
  • M. Franchini
  • S. Alvisi

Abstract

In this paper, two procedures for assessing water demand shortfalls following segment isolation are compared. The first (topological) procedure is based on a simple topological network analysis, and identifies the water demand shortfall as the water demand (under normal operational conditions) relative to the directly and/or indirectly isolated segment(s). The second (hydraulic) procedure is based on a pressure-driven hydraulic simulation of the network after segment isolation. Each of the two procedures was applied to two case studies, and the reliability (expressed in terms of maximum D max and weighted average $$ \overline D $$ water demand shortfall) and economic burden (expressed in terms of number N val or cost C val of installed valves) of the resulting isolation valve system solution were compared. As a whole, the results show that network analysis and redesign are affected by the choice of the global variables (D max or $$ \overline D $$ ) used to characterize the demand shortfalls in network segments. Analysis of the case studies is followed by a discussion of the rationale behind the choice between the two procedures, which needs to balance accurate demand shortfall characterization with limited computation times, particularly in the multi-objective design stage. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012

Suggested Citation

  • E. Creaco & M. Franchini & S. Alvisi, 2012. "Evaluating Water Demand Shortfalls in Segment Analysis," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(8), pages 2301-2321, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:26:y:2012:i:8:p:2301-2321
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-012-0018-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Enrico Creaco & Marco Franchini & Stefano Alvisi, 2010. "Optimal Placement of Isolation Valves in Water Distribution Systems Based on Valve Cost and Weighted Average Demand Shortfall," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(15), pages 4317-4338, December.
    2. S. Liberatore & G. Sechi, 2009. "Location and Calibration of Valves in Water Distribution Networks Using a Scatter-Search Meta-heuristic Approach," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 23(8), pages 1479-1495, June.
    3. H. Jun & G. Loganathan & J. Kim & S. Park, 2008. "Identifying Pipes and Valves of High Importance for Efficient Operation and Maintenance of Water Distribution Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 22(6), pages 719-736, June.
    4. Chih-Liang Kuo & Nien-Sheng Hsu, 2011. "An Optimization Model for Crucial Key Pipes and Mechanical Reliability: A Case Study on a Water Distribution System in Taiwan," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(2), pages 763-775, January.
    5. Helena Ramos & D. Loureiro & A. Lopes & C. Fernandes & D. Covas & L. Reis & M. Cunha, 2010. "Evaluation of Chlorine Decay in Drinking Water Systems for Different Flow Conditions: From Theory to Practice," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(4), pages 815-834, March.
    6. José Martínez-Rodríguez & Idel Montalvo & Joaquín Izquierdo & Rafael Pérez-García, 2011. "Reliability and Tolerance Comparison in Water Supply Networks," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(5), pages 1437-1448, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tiku T. Tanyimboh & Anna M. Czajkowska, 2018. "Joint Entropy Based Multi-Objective Evolutionary Optimization of Water Distribution Networks," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 32(8), pages 2569-2584, June.
    2. Richárd Wéber & Tamás Huzsvár & Ákos Déllei & Csaba Hős, 2023. "Criticality of Isolation Valves in Water Distribution Networks with Hydraulics and Topology," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(5), pages 2181-2193, March.
    3. Tiku T. Tanyimboh & Anna M. Czajkowska, 2021. "Entropy maximizing evolutionary design optimization of water distribution networks under multiple operating conditions," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 41(2), pages 267-285, June.
    4. Geumchae Shin & Soon Ho Kwon & Seungyub Lee, 2023. "Designing Isolation Valve System to Prevent Unexpected Water Quality Incident," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-17, December.
    5. Salah Saleh & Tiku T. Tanyimboh, 2016. "Multi-Directional Maximum-Entropy Approach to the Evolutionary Design Optimization of Water Distribution Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(6), pages 1885-1901, April.
    6. Zarghami, Seyed Ashkan & Gunawan, Indra & Schultmann, Frank, 2018. "Integrating entropy theory and cospanning tree technique for redundancy analysis of water distribution networks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 102-112.
    7. E. Pacchin & S. Alvisi & M. Franchini, 2017. "Analysis of Non-Iterative Methods and Proposal of a New One for Pressure-Driven Snapshot Simulations with EPANET," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(1), pages 75-91, January.

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