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Noniterative Application of EPANET for Pressure Dependent Modelling Of Water Distribution Systems

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  • Mohd Abdy Sayyed
  • Rajesh Gupta
  • Tiku Tanyimboh

Abstract

EPANET 2 has been used previously to simulate pressure-deficient operating conditions in water distribution systems by: (a) executing the algorithm repetitively until convergence is achieved; (b) modifying the source code to cater for pressure-dependent outflows; or (c) incorporating artificial elements e.g., reservoirs in the data input file. This paper describes a modelling approach that enables operating conditions with insufficient pressure to be simulated in a single execution of EPANET 2 without modifying the source code. This is achieved by connecting a check valve, a flow control valve and an emitter to the demand nodes. Thus the modelling approach proposed enhances an earlier formulation by obviating the need for an artificial reservoir at the nodes with insufficient pressure. Consequently the connecting pipe for the artificial reservoir (for which additional data must be provided) is not required. Also, we removed a previous limitation in the modelling of pressure-dependent nodal flows to better reflect the performance of the nodes with insufficient flow and pressure. This yields improved estimates of the available nodal flow and is achieved by simulating pressure-deficient nodal flows with emitters. The emitter discharge equation enables the nodal head-flow relationship to be varied to reflect the characteristics of any network. The procedure lends itself to extended period simulation, especially when carried out with the EPANET toolkit. The merits of the methodology are illustrated on several networks from the literature one of which has 2465 pipes. The results suggest the procedure is robust, reliable and fast enough for regular use. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015

Suggested Citation

  • Mohd Abdy Sayyed & Rajesh Gupta & Tiku Tanyimboh, 2015. "Noniterative Application of EPANET for Pressure Dependent Modelling Of Water Distribution Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(9), pages 3227-3242, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:29:y:2015:i:9:p:3227-3242
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-015-0992-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nikolai Gorev & Inna Kodzhespirova, 2013. "Noniterative Implementation of Pressure-Dependent Demands Using the Hydraulic Analysis Engine of EPANET 2," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 27(10), pages 3623-3630, August.
    2. Calvin Siew & Tiku Tanyimboh & Alemtsehay Seyoum, 2014. "Assessment of Penalty-Free Multi-Objective Evolutionary Optimization Approach for the Design and Rehabilitation of Water Distribution Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(2), pages 373-389, January.
    3. Carlo Ciaponi & Luigi Franchioli & Enrico Murari & Sergio Papiri, 2015. "Procedure for Defining a Pressure-Outflow Relationship Regarding Indoor Demands in Pressure-Driven Analysis of Water Distribution Networks," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(3), pages 817-832, February.
    4. Enrico Creaco & Marco Franchini & Stefano Alvisi, 2010. "Optimal Placement of Isolation Valves in Water Distribution Systems Based on Valve Cost and Weighted Average Demand Shortfall," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(15), pages 4317-4338, December.
    5. M. Tabesh & A. Yekta & R. Burrows, 2009. "An Integrated Model to Evaluate Losses in Water Distribution Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 23(3), pages 477-492, February.
    6. Tonino Liserra & Marco Maglionico & Valentina Ciriello & Vittorio Di Federico, 2014. "Evaluation of Reliability Indicators for WDNs with Demand-Driven and Pressure-Driven Models," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(5), pages 1201-1217, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. P. Sivakumar & Nikolai B. Gorev & Rajesh Gupta & Tiku T. Tanyimboh & Inna F. Kodzhespirova & C. R. Suribabu, 2020. "Effects of Non-Zero Minimum Pressure Heads in Non-iterative Application of EPANET 2 in Pressure-Dependent Volume-Driven Analysis of Water Distribution Networks," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 34(15), pages 5047-5059, December.
    2. Salah Saleh & Tiku T. Tanyimboh, 2016. "Multi-Directional Maximum-Entropy Approach to the Evolutionary Design Optimization of Water Distribution Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(6), pages 1885-1901, April.
    3. Jiang, J. & Liu, X., 2018. "Multi-objective Stackelberg game model for water supply networks against interdictions with incomplete information," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 266(3), pages 920-933.
    4. Hui Zhang & Xin Cheng & Tinglin Huang & Haibing Cong & Jinlan Xu, 2017. "Hydraulic Analysis of Water Distribution Systems Based on Fixed Point Iteration Method," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(5), pages 1605-1618, March.
    5. Laxmi Gangwani & Shilpa Dongre & Rajesh Gupta & Mohd Abbas H. Abdy Sayyed & Tiku Tanyimboh, 2024. "Design Optimization of Water Distribution Networks with Dynamic Search Space Reduction GA," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 38(1), pages 63-79, January.
    6. E. Pacchin & S. Alvisi & M. Franchini, 2017. "Analysis of Non-Iterative Methods and Proposal of a New One for Pressure-Driven Snapshot Simulations with EPANET," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(1), pages 75-91, January.
    7. Tiku T. Tanyimboh & Calvin Siew & Salah Saleh & Anna Czajkowska, 2016. "Comparison of Surrogate Measures for the Reliability and Redundancy of Water Distribution Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(10), pages 3535-3552, August.
    8. Calvin Siew & Tiku T. Tanyimboh & Alemtsehay G. Seyoum, 2016. "Penalty-Free Multi-Objective Evolutionary Approach to Optimization of Anytown Water Distribution Network," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(11), pages 3671-3688, September.
    9. Shweta Rathi & Rajesh Gupta & Swapnil Kamble & Aabha Sargaonkar, 2016. "Risk Based Analysis for Contamination Event Selection and Optimal Sensor Placement for Intermittent Water Distribution Network Security," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(8), pages 2671-2685, June.
    10. Alemtsehay G. Seyoum & Tiku T. Tanyimboh, 2016. "Investigation into the Pressure-Driven Extension of the EPANET Hydraulic Simulation Model for Water Distribution Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(14), pages 5351-5367, November.
    11. K. S. Jinesh Babu, 2021. "Fictitious Component Free - Pressure Deficient Network Algorithm for Water Distribution Network with Variable Minimum and Required Pressure-Heads," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 35(8), pages 2585-2600, June.
    12. Tamás Huzsvár & Richárd Wéber & Marcell Szabó & Csaba Hős, 2023. "Optimal Placement and Settings of Valves for Leakage Reduction in Real Life Water Distribution Networks," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(12), pages 4949-4967, September.

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