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Preliminary Development and Validation of the Social and Emotional Health Survey for Secondary School Students

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  • Michael Furlong
  • Sukkyung You
  • Tyler Renshaw
  • Douglas Smith
  • Meagan O’Malley

Abstract

This study reports on the preliminary development and validation of the Social and Emotional Health Survey (SEHS) with a sample of 4,189 (51 % female) California students in Grades 8, 10, and 12. The SEHS was designed to measure the psychological building blocks of adolescents’ positive mental health and is operationalized in the present study by a theoretical model comprised of 12 measured indicators that form four first-order domains (belief-in-self, belief-in-others, emotional competence, and engaged living) that, in turn, contribute to one underlying, second-order meta-construct called covitality. This study was the first to investigate the validity and utility of the adolescent covitality construct, which is conceptualized as the synergistic effect of positive mental health resulting from the interplay among multiple positive-psychological building blocks. Findings from confirmatory factor analyses, invariance analysis, and latent means testing all supported the theoretical model underlying the SEHS, indicating that the second-order covitality model was the best fit for both males and females. Results from a path-modeling analysis indicated that covitality was a strong predictor of students’ subjective well-being (operationalized as a composite of life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect), and findings from additional concurrent validity analyses indicated that adolescents’ covitality level was significantly associated with self-reported academic achievement, perceptions of school safety, substance use, and experiences of depressive symptoms. Implications for theory, practice, and future research are discussed. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Furlong & Sukkyung You & Tyler Renshaw & Douglas Smith & Meagan O’Malley, 2014. "Preliminary Development and Validation of the Social and Emotional Health Survey for Secondary School Students," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 117(3), pages 1011-1032, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:soinre:v:117:y:2014:i:3:p:1011-1032
    DOI: 10.1007/s11205-013-0373-0
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    1. Joakim Wahlström & Sara Brolin Låftman & Bitte Modin & Petra Löfstedt, 2021. "Psychosocial Working Conditions in School and Life Satisfaction among Adolescents in Sweden: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-12, May.
    2. Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar & Mythily Subramaniam & Esmond Seow & Sherilyn Chang & Rajeswari Sambasivam & Nan Luo & Swapna Verma & Siow Ann Chong & Rob M. van Dam, 2022. "Youth Positive Mental Health Concepts and Definitions: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Synthesis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-17, September.
    3. Gökmen Arslan, 2018. "Social Exclusion, Social Support and Psychological Wellbeing at School: A Study of Mediation and Moderation Effect," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(3), pages 897-918, June.
    4. Dougherty, Danielle & Sharkey, Jill, 2017. "Reconnecting Youth: Promoting emotional competence and social support to improve academic achievement," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 28-34.
    5. Gökmen Arslan, 2019. "Exploring the Effects of Positive Psychological Strengths on Psychological Adjustment in Adolescents," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 12(4), pages 1449-1464, August.
    6. Eui Kyung Kim & Michael J. Furlong & Erin Dowdy, 2019. "Adolescents’ Personality Traits and Positive Psychological Orientations: Relations with Emotional Distress and Life Satisfaction Mediated by School Connectedness," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 12(6), pages 1951-1969, December.
    7. Don C. Zhang & Tyler L. Renshaw, 2020. "Personality and College Student Subjective Wellbeing: A Domain-Specific Approach," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 21(3), pages 997-1014, March.
    8. C. Marino & A. Vieno & M. Lenzi & B. A. Fernie & A. V. Nikčević & M. M. Spada, 2018. "Personality Traits and Metacognitions as Predictors of Positive Mental Health in College Students," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 19(2), pages 365-379, February.
    9. Gökmen Arslan & Tyler L. Renshaw, 2018. "Student Subjective Wellbeing as a Predictor of Adolescent Problem Behaviors: a Comparison of First-Order and Second-Order Factor Effects," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(2), pages 507-521, April.
    10. Muhammad Asghar & Angela Minichiello & Assad Iqbal, 2022. "Perceived Factors Contributing to the Subjective Wellbeing of Undergraduate Engineering Students: An Exploratory Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-19, December.
    11. Gökmen Arslan & Kelly-Ann Allen & Ahmet Tanhan, 2021. "School Bullying, Mental Health, and Wellbeing in Adolescents: Mediating Impact of Positive Psychological Orientations," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 14(3), pages 1007-1026, June.
    12. Seung-yeon Lee & Sukkyung You & Michael J. Furlong, 2016. "Validation of the Social Emotional Health Survey–Secondary for Korean Students," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 9(1), pages 73-92, March.
    13. Nerea Martinez-Yarza & Rosa Santibáñez & Josu Solabarrieta, 2023. "A Systematic Review of Instruments Measuring Social and Emotional Skills in School-Aged Children and Adolescents," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 16(4), pages 1475-1502, August.
    14. Tomonari Irie & Kengo Yokomitsu & Yuji Sakano, 2019. "Relationship between cognitive behavioral variables and mental health status among university students: A meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(9), pages 1-30, September.
    15. Jose A. Piqueras & Tiscar Rodriguez-Jimenez & Juan Carlos Marzo & Maria Rivera-Riquelme & Agustin E. Martinez-Gonzalez & Raquel Falco & Michael J. Furlong, 2019. "Social Emotional Health Survey-Secondary (SEHS-S): A Universal Screening Measure of Social-Emotional Strengths for Spanish-Speaking Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-16, December.
    16. Michael J. Furlong & Sukkyung You & Mark Shishim & Erin Dowdy, 2017. "Development and Validation of the Social Emotional Health Survey–Higher Education Version," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 12(2), pages 343-367, June.
    17. Aileen Fullchange & Michael J. Furlong, 2016. "An Exploration of Effects of Bullying Victimization From a Complete Mental Health Perspective," SAGE Open, , vol. 6(1), pages 21582440156, January.
    18. Lauren H. Naples & Elizabeth D. Tuckwiller, 2021. "Taking Students on a Strengths Safari: A Multidimensional Pilot Study of School-Based Wellbeing for Young Neurodiverse Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-27, June.
    19. Claudia Marino & C. M. Hirst & C. Murray & A. Vieno & Marcantonio M. Spada, 2018. "Positive Mental Health as a Predictor of Problematic Internet and Facebook Use in Adolescents and Young Adults," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 19(7), pages 2009-2022, October.

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