IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/intemj/v20y2024i3d10.1007_s11365-024-00948-8.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Psychometric properties and factor structure of a motivation scale for higher education students to graduate and stimulate their entrepreneurship

Author

Listed:
  • Elisa I. Villena-Martínez

    (Rey Juan Carlos University, Financial Economics and Accounting)

  • Juan José Rienda-Gómez

    (Rey Juan Carlos University, Financial Economics and Accounting)

  • Dolores Lucía Sutil-Martín

    (Rey Juan Carlos University, Business Economics)

  • Fernando E. García-Muiña

    (Rey Juan Carlos University, Business Organization)

Abstract

The purpose of this research work is to provide a measurement instrument, through the validation of a proposed scale, to determine the relevant factors that affect the motivation of university students, and that can be used as anticipatory indicators of personal entrepreneurship to achieve educational and work success. To carry it out, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses have been carried out, based on the principal components’ method, which have been validated through the usual model fit measures in the literature, considering an analysis of reliability and reliability of the measurement instrument. To obtain this purpose, a sample of the university population was selected, through a simple random sampling, considering heterogeneity of courses, subjects, areas, and teaching modalities, of 596 individuals, with a higher percentage of women compared to men, as can be seen from the total number of enrolled in university degrees in the Spanish education system. The scale proved to have good psychometric properties, obtaining good internal consistency and validity. Among the main findings, we can highlight several dimensions for motivation, for instance, emotional self-management and adversity management; and learning strategies, such as: active self-management of study material, study management and self-management of effort, among others. In conclusion, a scale has been validated to determine which dimensions should be considered to promote student motivation as a method of personal entrepreneurship, and which can be used by educational authorities to propose extracurricular training that affects the improvement of students' competence, both in academic and emotional management. The dataset was analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Elisa I. Villena-Martínez & Juan José Rienda-Gómez & Dolores Lucía Sutil-Martín & Fernando E. García-Muiña, 2024. "Psychometric properties and factor structure of a motivation scale for higher education students to graduate and stimulate their entrepreneurship," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 20(3), pages 1879-1906, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:intemj:v:20:y:2024:i:3:d:10.1007_s11365-024-00948-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s11365-024-00948-8
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11365-024-00948-8
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11365-024-00948-8?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Reyes, Gemma U. & Mariano, Rachelle A. & Herrera, Maria Noriza Q. & Manipol, Nohreen Ethel P. & Cubardo, Jewel Joanna S., 2018. "Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies and Entrepreneurial Intention of Non-Business Students Enrolled in an Introductory Entrepreneurship Course," Journal of Economics, Management & Agricultural Development, Journal of Economics, Management & Agricultural Development (JEMAD), vol. 4(1), June.
    2. John Horn, 1965. "A rationale and test for the number of factors in factor analysis," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 30(2), pages 179-185, June.
    3. Jolanda Hessels & Wim Naudé, 2019. "The Intersection Of The Fields Of Entrepreneurship And Development Economics: A Review Towards A New View," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(2), pages 389-403, April.
    4. Maha Aly & David B. Audretsch & Heike Grimm, 2021. "Emotional skills for entrepreneurial success: the promise of entrepreneurship education and policy," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 46(5), pages 1611-1629, October.
    5. Fairlie, Robert W. & Holleran, William, 2012. "Entrepreneurship training, risk aversion and other personality traits: Evidence from a random experiment," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 366-378.
    6. Gill, Seerat Kaur & Dhir, Amandeep & Singh, Gurparkash & Vrontis, Demetris, 2022. "Transformative Quality in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs): Conceptualisation, scale development and validation," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 275-286.
    7. Ahmet Haktan SIVRIKAYA, 2019. "The Relationship between Academic Motivation and Academic Achievement of the Students," Asian Journal of Education and Training, Asian Online Journal Publishing Group, vol. 5(2), pages 309-315.
    8. Kamhon Kan & Wei-Der Tsai, 2006. "Entrepreneurship and Risk Aversion," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 26(5), pages 465-474, June.
    9. Takawira Munyaradzi Ndofirepi, 2020. "Relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial goal intentions: psychological traits as mediators," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 1-20, December.
    10. Lee Cronbach, 1951. "Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 16(3), pages 297-334, September.
    11. Gieure, Clara & Benavides-Espinosa, María del Mar & Roig-Dobón, Salvador, 2020. "The entrepreneurial process: The link between intentions and behavior," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 541-548.
    12. Ahmet Haktan SIVRIKAYA, 2019. "The Relationship between Academic Motivation and Academic Achievement of the Students," Asian Journal of Education and Training, Asian Online Journal Publishing Group, vol. 5(2), pages 309-315.
    13. Henry Kaiser, 1974. "An index of factorial simplicity," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 39(1), pages 31-36, March.
    14. Felix Zurita Ortega & Asuncion Martinez Martinez & Ramon Chacon Cuberos & Jose Luis Ubago Jiménez, 2019. "Analysis of the Psychometric Properties of the Motivation and Strategies of Learning Questionnaire—Short Form (MSLQ-SF) in Spanish Higher Education Students," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 8(5), pages 1-11, April.
    15. Gyeongcheol Cho & Heungsun Hwang & Marko Sarstedt & Christian M. Ringle, 2020. "Cutoff criteria for overall model fit indexes in generalized structured component analysis," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 8(4), pages 189-202, December.
    16. Haroon A.A. Saif & Usman Ghania, 2020. "Need for Achievement as a Predictor of Entrepreneurial Behavior: The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Passion for Founding and Entrepreneurial Interest," International Review of Management and Marketing, Econjournals, vol. 10(1), pages 40-53.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hauck, Jana & Suess-Reyes, Julia & Beck, Susanne & Prügl, Reinhard & Frank, Hermann, 2016. "Measuring socioemotional wealth in family-owned and -managed firms: A validation and short form of the FIBER Scale," Journal of Family Business Strategy, Elsevier, vol. 7(3), pages 133-148.
    2. Raveenajit Kaur A. P. & Kalvant Singh & Alberto Luis August, 2021. "Exploring the Factor Structure of the Constructs of Technological, Pedagogical, and Content Knowledge (TPACK): An Exploratory Factor Analysis Based on the Perceptions of TESOL Pre-Service Teachers at ," Research Journal of Education, Academic Research Publishing Group, vol. 7(2), pages 103-115, 06-2021.
    3. Silvia Mariela Méndez-Prado & Vanessa Rodriguez & Kevin Peralta-Rizzo & Patricia Everaert & Martin Valcke, 2023. "An Assessment Tool to Identify the Financial Literacy Level of Financial Education Programs Participants’ Executed by Ecuadorian Financial Institutions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-24, January.
    4. Jan Krämer & Lukas Wiewiorra, 2015. "When ‘Just’ is Just Not Enough," Business & Information Systems Engineering: The International Journal of WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK, Springer;Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. (GI), vol. 57(5), pages 325-338, October.
    5. Ricardo Figueiredo Belchior & Roisin Lyons, 2021. "Explaining entrepreneurial intentions, nascent entrepreneurial behavior and new business creation with social cognitive career theory – a 5-year longitudinal analysis," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 1945-1972, December.
    6. Elise Verot & Paul Bonjean & Robin Chaux & Julie Gagnaire & Amandine Gagneux-Brunon & Bruno Pozzetto & Philippe Berthelot & Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers & Franck Chauvin, 2022. "Development and Validation of the COVID-19 Knowledges and Behavior Questionnaire in a French Population (CoVQuest-CC)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-22, February.
    7. Yoo, Sun-Young & Vonk, M. Elizabeth, 2012. "The development and initial validation of the Immigrant Parental Stress Inventory (IPSI) in a sample of Korean immigrant parents," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 989-998.
    8. Jayaram, Jayanth & Tan, Keah-Choon, 2010. "Supply chain integration with third-party logistics providers," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(2), pages 262-271, June.
    9. Kritikos, Alexander, 2022. "Personality and Entrepreneurship," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1137, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    10. Jaime Martín-Martín & Bella Pajares-Hachero & Emilio Alba-Conejo & Nuria Ribelles & Antonio I. Cuesta-Vargas & Cristina Roldán-Jiménez, 2023. "Validation of the Upper Limb Functional Index on Breast Cancer Survivor," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-10, March.
    11. Fen Ren & Kexin Wang, 2022. "Modeling of the Chinese Dating App Use Motivation Scale According to Item Response Theory and Classical Test Theory," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-15, October.
    12. Ernest Bielinis & Jianzhong Xu & Aneta Anna Omelan, 2020. "A Novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale to Predict Preferred Pleasantness Associated with Forest Environments," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-18, September.
    13. Franke, George R. & Sarstedt, Marko & Danks, Nicholas P., 2021. "Assessing measure congruence in nomological networks," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 318-334.
    14. Cemil Kuzey, 2018. "Impact of Health Care Employees Job Satisfaction on Organizational Performance Support Vector Machine Approach," Journal of Economics and Financial Analysis, Tripal Publishing House, vol. 2(1), pages 45-68.
    15. Katharina Fellnhofer & Kaisu Puumalainen & Helena Sjögrén, 0. "Entrepreneurial orientation in work groups – effects of individuals and group characteristics," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 0, pages 1-37.
    16. César Torres Martín & Christian Acal & Mohammed El Homrani & Ángel Custodio Mingorance Estrada, 2021. "Impact on the Virtual Learning Environment Due to COVID-19," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-16, January.
    17. Katharina Fellnhofer & Kaisu Puumalainen & Helena Sjögrén, 2017. "Entrepreneurial orientation in work groups – effects of individuals and group characteristics," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 13(2), pages 427-463, June.
    18. Wen-Jye Shyr & Wei-Sho Ho & Jie-Ru Chen & Li-Ya Chang & I-Min Chen, 2022. "Effectiveness of Social Participation Courses Applied in the Disaster Prevention for Taiwanese K-12 Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-19, July.
    19. Tikas, Gaurav Dilip, 2023. "Team innovation capability: Scale development and validation," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    20. Cheng Chen & Susanne Weyland & Julian Fritsch & Alexander Woll & Claudia Niessner & Alexander Burchartz & Steffen C. E. Schmidt & Darko Jekauc, 2021. "A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-15, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:intemj:v:20:y:2024:i:3:d:10.1007_s11365-024-00948-8. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.